Christopher Valencia clvalencia987@gmail.com Design Research_64150 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Christopher Valencia clvalencia987@gmail.com Design Research_64150 Module 1

Throughout time, Wastewater Treatment Plants have been separated from the identity and representation of neighborhoods they live in. This creates a major disconnect from those who live near a facility and the valuable service they perform. I am looking to replicate and distribute these systematic processes of the organic levels of a waste water treatment plant throughout the urban area. History of the WWTP in the Urban Context

• players and key historical refernces
• Ivan Illich and “Miasma Theory”
• How have health practices changed in urban areas
• TODAY
• NIMBYisms, etc
• Locations of WWTP in NYC, size and

related information. PROBLEM

PROPOSED BOARD 1 PROPOSED BOARD 2

BACKGROUND PARTS TO THE SYSTEM How does one work? What are the steps of a treatment plant?

• A. Basic steps to a treatment plant
• 1. Primary treatment
• a. grit chamber
• b. primary clarifjer
• 2. Secondary treatment
• a. aeration system
• b. secondary clarifjer
• c. digester
• 3. [Different types of steps after the 2nd treatment]

Tertiary treatment (if beyond second is needed)

• a. chemical treatment - chlorination
• b. physical treatment - sand fjlters
• c. biological treatment - wetland

Constructed wetlands and aquatic plant systems to handle wastwater treatment processes INSERT: Case Studies WWTP Typologies Board

• 1. Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment and Wildlife Habitat: 17 Case

Studies. United States Environmental Protection Agency, EPA. September 1993.

• 2. Process Design Manual: Wastewater Treatment Facilities for Sewered Small

Communities. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Information Center Technology Transfer. October 1977.

• 3. Design Manual: Constructed Wetlands and Aquatic Plant Systems for Municipal

Wastewater Treatment U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA/625.1-88/022 September 1988.

• List of types of Constructed wetlands and their characteristics
• Factors in planning for design

*to keep in mind ex: hydrological factos

• Environmental and public health considerations
• Pollutants
• nitrogens
• phosphorous
• pathogens

parasites, bacteria, viruses

• metals
• trace organics
• Purpose for wetlands

Design Objectives:

• 1. for acid mine drain treatment
• 2. storm water treatment
• 3. enhancement of existing wetland
• loading rates
• hydraulic rates
• detention times
• vegetation

ALTERNATIVES DESIGN FACTORS & SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS CITATIONS AND FOOTNOTES

PROPOSED BOARD 3 PROPOSED BOARD 4

HIGHWAY 101

ARCATA, CALIFORNIA Population 15,000 307 acres

AB Aeration Basin S Sludge Disposal Pits C Chlorine Contact Chamber 1, 2, 3 LAGOONS Cell 2 Cell 1 1 2 3 S C P A C I F I C O C E A N C A N N O N B E A C H

CANNON BEACH, OREGON Population 1,200 30 acres

Johnson Landing SALT MARSH OXIDATION PONDS

S A N F R A N C I S C O B A Y

HAYWARD MARSH, CALIFORNIA Population 140,000 175 acres MARTINEZ, CALIFORNIA

RAILROAD WATERFRONT ROAD WETLANDS A - WEIR B - WEIR C -1 C - 2 C - 3

Population 16,000 85 acres ORLANDO, FLORIDA Population 1,2000,000

MIXED INNFLUENT EFFLUENT HARDWOOD SWAMP LAKE HARDWOOD

1,640 acres HOUGHTON LAKE, MICHIGAN Population 5,000

HIGHWAY 55 HIGHWAY 27 WWTP

1,500 acres

VERMONTVILLE, MICHIGAN Population 900

22 acres INCLINE VILLAGE, FLORIDA Population 9,000

CELL 7 Spill way Spill way CELL 1 CELL 2 CELL 3 CELL 4 CARSON RIVER CELL 5A CELL 5B IRRIGATION PIPE Operations Building Observation Trail Access Roads Hot Springs CELL 6 CELL 8 Saratoga Hot Springs

770 acres LAKELAND, FLORIDA Population 79,000

WASTEWATER PLANT Primary Ponds Primary Ponds Polishing Ponds Secondary Ponds Polishing Ponds Tree line ACCESS ROADS

1,400 acres

R E C O N S T R U C T I N G N A T U R A L P R O C E S S

PRIMARY TREATMENT WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT PROCESS LAGOONS OXIDATION PONDS SECONDARY TREATMENT SLUDGE DISPOSAL PITS SECONDARY POND SYSTEM WETLANDS HARDWOODS POLISHING PONDS

INFLUENT EFFLUENT INFLUENT EFFLUENT

P O P U L AT I ON

vs.

Constructed Wetland Climate Type Regional Code Location Environmental Hazards Opportunities [Place Holder] Hybrid

vs. vs. vs. vs. vs. vs. vs. vs. vs. vs. vs.

WWTP

STRUCTURE

CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS

SPATIAL VARIABLES DRIVER METRICS WETLAND TYPOLOGIES BASED ON POPULATION PLAYING THE GAME: CASE STUDIES

Module 2

TO BUILD OR NOT TO BUILD?

Chief Engineers Stake Holders Board of Directors Union Offi cials WWTF Employees Community Representatives

It’s time to upgrade outdated facilities with better technology! Are there any other alternative treatment systems that we could use that could be more cost effi cient and benefi cial to the surrounding community? Site Water Treatment System, that is more ecologically sound and more effi cient!

Have you considered ... On-site Waste Treatment Systems (OWTS)?

• Septic Tanks
• Constructed Wetlands
• Lagoons
• Graywater irrigation chamber systems
• Absorption Trenches

scrapping then fi ltered through bed of sand. fi ltration units like sand fi lters, fabric, gravel and peat.

• a. Granular media fi

ltration and Cascade aeration, oufall specifi cs and controlled with release Benefi ts? Coupling Opportunities like - Community Programsn Audubon Groups Wildlife Refuge Exotic Vegetation use for reclaimed water

• Low Costs

Earth moving*

• grading, dike construction
• vegetative planting
• monitoring water levels and plant vitality
• Inexpensive and Low Maintenance Cost
• “Open Loop” System: Does not need to be

shutoff or restarted

• Opportunities as Wild Life Refuge!
• Builds Urban Ecological Diversity
• Opportunity to introduce new fl
• ra and fauna
• Neighborhood and Community opportunities
• Large foot print (price changes due to local real

estate prices)

• Diffi

cult to establish in urban areas

• Design recommendation requires 15-50 acres per

million gallons a day

• Models tend to be diffi

cult to draw or maintain rigor due to nature of dynamic systems

• Limited understanding of wetland systems
• “Delayed Operation Status”: Delayed lag time

due to 2 or 3 growing seasons, which result in effl uent not being ran through effi cient system

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

• Catchy title
• Rhetorical and engaging question that leads the narration of the poster
• Audience
• Opportunity for questions, comments, endnotes
• Opportunity to lead the audience
• Underlying attributes

COMMUNITY OUTREACH POSTER

Union Offi cials

systems that we could use that could be more cost effi cient and benefi cial to the surrounding community? Opportunity to swap out parts of Wastewater Treatment Plant for a part from an On- Site Water Treatment System, that is more ecologically sound and more effi cient!

Have you considered ... On-site Waste Treatment Systems (OWTS)?

• Stages:
• 1. Screening: removes large objects
• 2. Then forcing through a grit chamber
• 3. Primary Treatment: Settlement of organic solid matter in

holding tank. Mechanical arms shovel away sludge at bottom

• f tank.
• 4. Secondary Treatment: Aeration tanks mechanically create

a biological process by pumping air inside to encourage bacteria to breakdown sludge.

• 5. Surface Skimmed to remove oil, soap scum and grease.
• 6. Tertiary Treatment: Another settlement tank: Mechanical

scrapping then fi ltered through bed of sand.

• 7. Chemical Treatment: Treat water with chemicals and

chlorine, etc.

• 8. Chlorinated Water Treatment: If necessary threat chlorinated

wastewater with more chemicals to nuetralize any remaining chlorine. Stages:

• 1. Screening: removes large objects
• 2. Septic Tank: Wastewater subsurface treatment -

Either:

• a. Horizontal Subsurface Flow
• b. Vertical Flow
• c. Freewater Flow
• r Discharge:
• a. Absorption Trench Beds
• b. Gravelles Absorption System
• c. Cut & Fill Raised Systems
• 3. Secondary Treatment: Fixed Film (attached growth) uses media

fi ltration units like sand fi lters, fabric, gravel and peat.

• 4. Tertiary Treatment -

Options:

• a. Granular media fi

ltration

• b. Physical-chemical Treatment System (like WWTP)
• c. Biological Nutrient Removal System
• d. Constructed Wetlands
• 5. Disinfection and Re-oxygenation use of diffused/mechanical

and Cascade aeration, oufall specifi cs and controlled with release requirements.

• 6. Lagoons & Wastewater Treatment Ponds

This One for That One! DISCUSSION: Benefi ts? Coupling Opportunities like - Community Programsn Audubon Groups Wildlife Refuge Exotic Vegetation use for reclaimed water Mechanical, Biological & Chemical Steps

• Opportunity to introduce new fl
• ra and fauna
• Diffi

cult to establish in urban areas

• Models tend to be diffi

cult to draw or maintain effl uent not being ran through effi cient system

TYPICAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITY TYPICAL ON-SITE TREATMENT SYSTEMS (OWTS) KITS & PARTS

• Catchy title
• Rhetorical and engaging question that leads the narration of the poster
• Audience
• Opportunity for questions, comments, endnotes
• Opportunity to lead the audience
• Underlying attributes
• utflow
• utflow
• utflow
• utflow

COMMUNITY OUTREACH POSTER

MANDATORY WATER IN TREATMENT CONNECTORS OPTIONS ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND COMMUNITY INTERACTION END GOAL

WWTP CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS & OWTS

Module 3

Wastewater Treatment Plant FAILS: Toxicity Testing Notify Public Agency Alert Issued: “Stay out of water” Testing occurs more frequently File: “Detailed Report” Testing occurs more frequently Partner with Local Universities: “Teaching Event” Renewable Energy Advocates Sponsor Local Community Groups Events Federal Agency Park Agency Beach Closes Enforced by Parks Rangers Community Reacts Beach Vacations Canceled Community Board Meetings Community Demands XYZ Community Support Diminishes Donate to Community Charity “Community Monitoring Awareness Association” Mechanical: WWTP operates at “1/2 speed” Chemical: Chemical treatment re-assessment “Punishment”: Placed on DEP “Toxicity List”

• Processing plant Testing
• Riparian & Stream

Monitoring ON-GOING WWTP Pumps sludge to

• ther WWTP

Energy wasted New Protocol Established Consider Alternatives On-Site Water Treatment System (OWTS) Toxicity Level Lowered No Yes AAR: After Action Review Wetlands Specialist Community Coupling Established Procedures Re-Assesed Operate as usual Continue Operation SCENARIO MODELING: WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT CULTURAL & URBAN INPUTS

• Processing plant Testing
• Riparian & Stream

Monitoring Constructed Wetlands FAILS: Toxicity Testing Leak Biological Seal Leak Additional OWTS Monitor Lagoon System Monitor Lagoon System Monitor Repeat to Primary Treatment Broken/ Outdated? Replace Planting Palette Reviewed Define Bacteria Type Too much Bacteria Environmentally Sound Chemical Intense Field Monitoring Notify Partnerships Possible Health Hazards Additional OWTS Not enough Bacteria Sludge Enhancement Local Source Additional Running Cost Repair “Seal-off” disturbed area Review S.O.P. Monitor Mechanical Biological Mechanical Spill Monitor Entire Treatment System WL System Reviewed Source Monitor: Review Sources within watershed & Perimeter of Wetland ON-GOING WL Monitor Notify Partnerships Possible Health Hazards Local Farm Assoc. Assoc. Partner with Local Universities: “Teaching Event” Horticulturalist “Teaching Event” Continue Operation SCENARIO MODELING: CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS & OWTS EXISTING URBAN FABRIC DETERMINES DESIGN SPATIAL DIRECTION: CIRCULAR FIELD SPATIAL DIRECTION: LINEAR