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Chapter 2: Celestial Sphere, Seasons, Moon Phases and Eclipses Grab an ABCD page from Reading Assignment to be completed in Canvas me if you dont have one due on Monday, August 27th A B HW1 posted to website under:

  1. Chapter 2: Celestial Sphere, Seasons, Moon Phases and Eclipses Grab an ABCD page from Reading Assignment to be completed in Canvas me if you don’t have one due on Monday, August 27th A B HW1 posted to website under: http://www.physics.utah.edu/~wik/courses/astr1060fall2018/ C D homework.html due on Wednesday, September 5th (Hint: it looks like this) ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 1

  2. Name for the Class Llama A) Sir Jeffrey McGoat, Esq. B) Space Ranger Goat C) Gerald “The Space Odyssey” Goat Llama D) Goaterade / Goaty McGoatFace ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 2

  3. Orienting Ourselves on the Earth ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 3

  4. It’s all just geometry and timing top view side view top view ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 4

  5. Important Points & Planes on the Celestial Sphere Project stars and planets on a sphere surrounding the Earth It is fictitious, but convenient for locating objects in the sky ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 5

  6. Orienting Yourself relative to the Celestial Sphere ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 6

  7. ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 7

  8. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= IJ hgZBn-LHg (Vsauce) ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 8

  9. If the north star is directly above our goat/llama (at its zenith), where are you on the Earth? A) North Pole B) Anywhere on the Equator C) Exactly at 0 degrees longitude on the Equator D) South Pole ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 9

  10. North Pole! ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 10

  11. If you’re 30 degrees north of the equator: ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 11

  12. At the Equator, where you can see the entire sky: ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 12

  13. Southern Hemisphere, same as in the north but relative to the South Celestial Pole ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 13

  14. What causes the seasons? 100% 75% A) Distance from the Sun B) Tilt of the Earth Correct Partially Correct Partially Correct 50% C)Distance from the Sun AND tilt of the Earth 25% Incorrect 0% ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 14

  15. In SLC, where does the Sun set on the horizon? A) Same place every day B) A random (but predictable) place each day C) A different place each day of the year D) A different place each day for half the year, then repeating that pattern in reverse the second half of the year ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 15

  16. On what days does the Sun set in these locations? Winter Solstice Fall/Spring Equinoxes Summer Solstice December 21st September 21st June 21st March 20th ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 16

  17. Max altitude of the Sun determined by where we are on Earth and where the Earth is in its orbit ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 17

  18. ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 18

  19. The 2 reasons we have seasons ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 19

  20. Where and when are we? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xm_Cn8-DCNc ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 20

  21. Right now! https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/sunearth.html ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 21

  22. Fall Equinox https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/sunearth.html ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 22

  23. December Solstice https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/sunearth.html ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 23

  24. Friday/Monday split Reading Assignment (Chapters 1 & 2) due in Canvas Grab an ABCD page from in moments (or moments ago) me if you don’t have one New Reading Assignment (Chapter 3) due THIS Friday A B (August 31st, 10:45am) in Canvas C D HW1 posted to website under: http://www.physics.utah.edu/~wik/courses/astr1060fall2018/ homework.html (Hint: it looks like this) due on Wednesday, September 5th ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 24

  25. TUESDAY | AUGUST 28 | 6:00 p.m. Aline W. Skaggs Bldg. (ASB) Room 220 ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 1 � 25

  26. If you’re 30 degrees north of the equator: ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 26

  27. Location: 40 deg N (same as SLC) Where would you have to be for the sun to pass directly overhead on June 21st? A) At 23.5 degrees S latitude B) At 23.5 degrees N latitude C) At the north pole D) On the equator ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 27

  28. Aside: Eratosthenes measures the Earth’s circumference in in 200 BC ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 28

  29. The Ecliptic ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 29

  30. The Ecliptic ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 30

  31. Tonight, Vega (the brightest star in the constellation Lyra, part of the summer triangle), will set at 6:55am. What time will it set tomorrow night? A) 6:51am B) 6:55am C) 6:59am ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 31

  32. Why star rise/set times change About how many degrees does the Earth move in its orbit each day? ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 32

  33. We need leap years because… A) Earth’s Axis is tilted B) Amy Adams and Matthew “The Space Odyssey” Goode are delightfully funny together! C) The direction the Earth’s axis points slowly changes with time D) Earth does not go once around the sun in exactly 365 days ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 33

  34. We need leap years because… A) Earth’s Axis is tilted B) Amy Adams and Matthew Goode are delightfully funny together! C) The direction the Earth’s axis points slowly changes with time D) Earth does not go once around the sun in exactly 365 days —> 365.2422 days Julian calendar was used for over 1000 years (leap day every 4 years). Every 400 years, the calendar is offset Gregorian Calendar (what we use today) from the seasons by 3 more days. ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 34

  35. Hey you, what’s your sign? Astrology is bunk! (HINT: This will be an exam question.) ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 35

  36. Earth’s axis wobbles like a top: called Precession ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 36

  37. Earth’s axis wobbles like a top: called Precession ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 37

  38. Group Activity Time! ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 38

  39. Monday/Wednesday split Turn in your Moon Phases worksheet by 10:50am! Feel free to discuss your answers with Grab an ABCD page from neighbors, but ABSOLUTELY NO COPYING me if you don’t have one A B Reading Assignment (Chapter 3) due THIS Friday C D (August 31st, 10:45am) in Canvas (Hint: it looks like this) HW1 posted to website under: http://www.physics.utah.edu/~wik/courses/astr1060fall2018/ homework.html due on Wednesday, September 5th ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 39

  40. When does the full moon rise? A) At Noon B) At Sunset C) At Midnight D) At Sunrise ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 40

  41. Can figure out roughly when the Moon will rise, given its phase, from this diagram alone ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 41

  42. Phases of the Moon ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 42

  43. Phases of the Moon Waxing Waning gibbous crescent ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 43

  44. Moon phases are easy to figure out once you have the right mental picture ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 44

  45. Draw the diagram! sunlight Waning Gibbous ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 45

  46. Draw the diagram! Moon must be here! sunlight Gibbous =/= Crescent, so either or Waning = going away, Moon orbits same direction we rotate, so… ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 46

  47. Draw the diagram! Moon must be here! When does sunlight it rise??? Gibbous =/= Crescent, so either or Horizon Waning = going away, Moon orbits same direction we rotate, so… ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 47

  48. Galileo’s observations of the phases of Venus in 1610 ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 48

  49. The apparent size of Venus correlates with its phase ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 49

  50. During what phase of the moon would you see a solar eclipse (the moon eclipses the sun)? How about a lunar eclipse (the earth eclipses the moon)? Why isn’t there an eclipse at every full and new moon? ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 50

  51. Solar Eclipses total annular ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 51

  52. Lunar Eclipse ASTR/PHYS 1060: The Universe Fall 2018: Chapter 2 � 52

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