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Can one invasion lead to another? Niche space and the future of Nature Precedings : doi:10.1038/npre.2009.3842.1 : Posted 8 Oct 2009 Southwestern U.S. riparian zones Lindsay Reynolds and David Cooper Colorado State University 3 August 2009

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Lindsay Reynolds and David Cooper Colorado State University 3 August 2009

Can one invasion lead to another? Niche space and the future of Southwestern U.S. riparian zones

Nature Precedings : doi:10.1038/npre.2009.3842.1 : Posted 8 Oct 2009

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Tamarisk and Russian olive

Friedman et al. 2005. Biological Invasions, 7:747-751

Nature Precedings : doi:10.1038/npre.2009.3842.1 : Posted 8 Oct 2009

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Tamarisk and Russian olive

Tamarix ramosissima Ledebour,

T. chinensis Loureiro,
T. pentandra Karst,

and hybrids of these taxa Elaeagnus angustifolia L. (Russian olive)

Nature Precedings : doi:10.1038/npre.2009.3842.1 : Posted 8 Oct 2009

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Canyon de Chelly National Monument, Arizona

Nature Precedings : doi:10.1038/npre.2009.3842.1 : Posted 8 Oct 2009

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1942 Ansel Adams

Flood plain changes 1930s-2007

2005

*Native cottonwood, exotic tamarisk and Russian olive riparian forest

Nature Precedings : doi:10.1038/npre.2009.3842.1 : Posted 8 Oct 2009

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Research goals: mechanisms of invasion

(1) Empty niche exploitation? Does Russian olive have a broader niche than cottonwood and tamarisk? (3) Facilitation? Can cottonwood and tamarisk facilitate Russian olive invasion by providing shaded habitat?

Nature Precedings : doi:10.1038/npre.2009.3842.1 : Posted 8 Oct 2009

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Methods

Test light and water requirements for tamarisk, Russian olive and

cottonwood

Fine scale: Controlled experiment
Landscape scale: Canyon de Chelly field survey
Regional scale: Regional survey

Nature Precedings : doi:10.1038/npre.2009.3842.1 : Posted 8 Oct 2009

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Fine scale: Methods

Controlled experiment
Shade
0%, 90%, 99%
Water
Saturated soil (flooded)
High monsoon rain
Average rain
Low rain
Species
Russian olive, tamarisk, cottonwood

Nature Precedings : doi:10.1038/npre.2009.3842.1 : Posted 8 Oct 2009

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Fine scale: results

Nature Precedings : doi:10.1038/npre.2009.3842.1 : Posted 8 Oct 2009

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Landscape scale: Canyon de Chelly

Transects: Random location

Nature Precedings : doi:10.1038/npre.2009.3842.1 : Posted 8 Oct 2009

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Regional scale: Sites

Nature Precedings : doi:10.1038/npre.2009.3842.1 : Posted 8 Oct 2009

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Canyon de Chelly and regional field surveys

Full sun No sun

Nature Precedings : doi:10.1038/npre.2009.3842.1 : Posted 8 Oct 2009

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Stable oxygen isotope analysis

Nature Precedings : doi:10.1038/npre.2009.3842.1 : Posted 8 Oct 2009

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II – Canyon de Chelly results

Nature Precedings : doi:10.1038/npre.2009.3842.1 : Posted 8 Oct 2009

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Continued invasion of Russian olive

Nature Precedings : doi:10.1038/npre.2009.3842.1 : Posted 8 Oct 2009

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1942 Ansel Adams 2005

1) Empty niche exploitation?

Yes - Russian olive has a broader niche than tamarisk

and cottonwood 2) Facilitation?

Summary

Nature Precedings : doi:10.1038/npre.2009.3842.1 : Posted 8 Oct 2009

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Acknowledgements

The National Parks Service and

PRIMES (NSF award #DGE- 0221595003) for funding.

My advisor David Cooper and

committee members, Tom Hobbs, Cynthia Brown, Tom Stohlgren and Ellen Wohl

Field and technical assistance

and the Canyon de Chelly Staff

PRIMES

Nature Precedings : doi:10.1038/npre.2009.3842.1 : Posted 8 Oct 2009