Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid INMR 2017 THE - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid INMR 2017

THE PFISTERER GROUP

the power connection

Overview

INTRODUCTION Trends in electric power distribution and it‘s challenges. PLUGGABLE SYSTEM & INTERFACE Principle and properties

• f a pluggable system –

the pluggable interface as a flexible solution PROTECTION A surge arrester as a pluggable enabler for encapsulated systems. CASE STUDIES Examples of different solutions with the pluggable system

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid | Dr. Michael Zerrer | INMR 2017 Barcelona | Nov 5-8, 2017

Trends in electric power distribution and it‘s challenges.

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid | Dr. Michael Zerrer | INMR 2017 Barcelona | Nov 5-8, 2017

Introduction

Challenges in power grids and distribution networks

Urbanization and integration of renewable energy sources lead to bidirectional energy flows New concepts and higher transmission capacity is required. ■ Higher transmission capabilities required due to ■ Restrictions of power supply lines ■ Growing energy need of industry & habitant areas ■ Energy flow due to additional renewable energy sources ■ Fluctuating energy (e.g. wind, solar) ■ Distance between generation and consumption (windmills / urban areas, dam / industry) ■ Direction of energy flow mostly not considered (rooftop solar, cogeneration unit) ■ Flexible and fast available solution ■ Service work on equipment like power lines, transformers, ■ Breakdowns, due to weather disasters, malfunction, etc.

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid | Dr. Michael Zerrer | INMR 2017 Barcelona | Nov 5-8, 2017

Challenges in power grids and distribution networks

Growing renewable energy sources ■ Non-hydro renewable and waste ■ Includes geothermal, solar, wind, tide/wave/ocean, biofuels, waste, heat ■ 1973: 0,6% ■ 2015: 7,1% ■ As the overall electric generation raised significant, the absolute values increased from 37 TWh to 1722 TWh.

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid | Dr. Michael Zerrer | INMR 2017 Barcelona | Nov 5-8, 2017

1) excludes electricity generation from pumped storage. 2) includes geothermal, solar, wind, tide/wave/ocean, biofuels, waste, heat and other. source: www.iea.org – Key world energy statistics, 2017.

Challenges in power grids and distribution networks

Growing renewable energy sources ■ Non-hydro renewable and waste ■ Includes geothermal, solar, wind, tide/wave/ocean, biofuels, waste, heat ■ 1973: 0,6% ■ 2015: 7,1% ■ As the overall electric generation raised significant, the absolute values increased from 37 TWh to 1722 TWh. ■ Highly fluctuating ■ Often decentralized

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid | Dr. Michael Zerrer | INMR 2017 Barcelona | Nov 5-8, 2017

1) NON-OECD Asia excludes China source: www.iea.org – Key world energy statistics, 2017.

World solar PV electricity production (TWh) World wind electricity production (TWh)

Principle and properties of a pluggable system – the pluggable interface as a flexible solution

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid | Dr. Michael Zerrer | INMR 2017 Barcelona | Nov 5-8, 2017

PLUGGABLE SYSTEM & INTERFACE

How can a pluggable system help to face this challenges

Principle and properties of a pluggable system Main tasks of the socket and connector of a pluggable system are: ■ Handle the high electrical stress ■ Integrated elements ensure a proper electrical stress relief ■ Independent of cable diameter and cable insulation material (VPE, EPR) ■ Independent from insulation fluids /gasses of the equipment

• > dielectric stress of every component may never exceed material limits

■ Guarantee the electrical contact / current transfer ■ Electrical contact between socket and connector via contact lamella ■ Fits all common available cable diameter ■ Solutions for special cables, such as enameled conductors or high flexible wires ■ Manage mechanical forces

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid | Dr. Michael Zerrer | INMR 2017 Barcelona | Nov 5-8, 2017

How can a pluggable system help to face this challenges

Advantages of a pluggable system – Socket side The PFISTERER socket as an interface for flexible solution ■ The socket acts as an interface for different electrical equipment ■ Usage as interface for gas insulated equipment, e.g. switchgear ■ Usage as interface for transformer or reactor Mineral oil as insulation fluid Natural or synthetic insulation fluids (Esther, Midel) ■ Fulfills all relevant standards and is 100% pretested ■ The socket closes the equipment ■ Ensures the equipment’s tightness (insulation gas, insulation liquid) ■ Enables fully internal treatment of the equipment in the factory ■ Equipment could be shipped “ready for use”: no oil- or gas-work onside ■ Offers a touch proof encapsulation, also offshore certificates are available

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid | Dr. Michael Zerrer | INMR 2017 Barcelona | Nov 5-8, 2017

Cable connector

IEC 60840, IEC 62067

Transformer

IEC 60137

GIS

IEC 62271-203

How can a pluggable system help to face this challenges

Advantages of a pluggable system – Plug side The pluggable part as the completion of a flexible solution offers different possibilities to connect: ■ An underground cable ■ Most used solution, completely touch-proof ■ Available for all common cable diameters of all manufacturer ■ Fast installation possible. Cable could be prepared anytime, all parts are pretested ■ An overhead line ■ Pluggable termination fits to the same interface ■ Equipment and termination can be shipped separate – simpler transportation ■ Testing equipment ■ High current testing or earthing plugs ■ Supports further expandability via dummy plug

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid | Dr. Michael Zerrer | INMR 2017 Barcelona | Nov 5-8, 2017

A surge arrester as a pluggable enabler for encapsulated systems.

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid | Dr. Michael Zerrer | INMR 2017 Barcelona | Nov 5-8, 2017

Protection

Protection – how to protect a fully enclosed system

A pluggable system is an enclosed system The advantage of an enclosed system – all live parts are covered – becomes an challenge for standard surge protection: ■ No direct connection to HV-side nor MV-side possible ■ Available space is limited ■ FAT testing of equipment should be still possible ■ Protection equipment must be temporarily removable to allow voltage testing levels ■ Flexibility should not be impeded

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid | Dr. Michael Zerrer | INMR 2017 Barcelona | Nov 5-8, 2017

Protection – how to protect a fully enclosed system

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid | Dr. Michael Zerrer | INMR 2017 Barcelona | Nov 5-8, 2017

Duration Magnitude

Types of overvoltages Overvoltages could be classified in mainly three types: ■ Lightning overvoltages Cause: Atmospheric discharge Duration: microseconds (1,2/50 µs) Magnitude: > 5 Um ■ Switching overvoltages Cause: switching in power systems Duration: milliseconds Magnitude: 2 to 3,6 Um ■ Temporary overvoltages (TOV) Cause: Load flow in power Systems Duration: seconds Magnitude: <1,3 Um

Surge Arrester can be limited can be limited must (!) not be limited surge arrester and equipment must be rated to withstand TOV!

Switching

• vervoltage

(Milliseconds) Temporary

• vervoltage

(Seconds) Highest voltage for Equipment = 1 Um (Continuously) Lightning

• vervoltage

(Microseconds)

Function areas of a surge arrester

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid | Dr. Michael Zerrer | INMR 2017 Barcelona | Nov 5-8, 2017

Duration Magnitude of Voltage in p.u. of Um 5 4 3 2 1

Protection – how to protect a fully enclosed system

• Withstand voltage of equipment
• restricted area
• Voltage on equipment

without surge arrester

• Voltage on equipment

limited by surge arrester

Gas (SF6) insulated Air insulated Pluggable Surge arrester Space requirements - distance to other equipment + Low

• High

+ Low Distance to equipment (protective zone) + Near to equipment

• Far from equipment

+ Near to equipment Climatic influence + No influence

• Crucial influence

+ No influence FAT testing

• Complex

+ Easy possible + Easy possible (Dummy plug) Assembly time

• Complex assembly

+ Quick assembly + Quick assembly Monitoring, Maintenance

• Gas monitoring needed

+ - Cleaning if heavy polluted + No maintenance necessary Replacement in case of overload

• Complex (re)assembly

+ Easy replacement + Easy replacement

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid | Dr. Michael Zerrer | INMR 2017 Barcelona | Nov 5-8, 2017

Comparison of different construction designs

Protection – how to protect a fully enclosed system

The pluggable System as a flexible solution – some examples of different solutions with the pluggable system

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid | Dr. Michael Zerrer | INMR 2017 Barcelona | Nov 5-8, 2017

Case Studies

Examples of a pluggable system for flexible solutions

Flexible solutions with pluggable equipment ■ Emergency transformer, “plug and operate”: ■ Pluggable socket

• > allows a compact design

■ Pluggable HV and MV side

• > Bushings can be removed

■ Easy to transport via truck or train ■ quick to install ■ can be used for many applications

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid | Dr. Michael Zerrer | INMR 2017 Barcelona | Nov 5-8, 2017

Examples of a pluggable system for flexible solutions

Flexible solutions with pluggable equipment ■ Emergency transformer, “plug and operate”: ■ Pluggable socket

• > allows a compact design

■ Pluggable HV and MV side

• > Bushings can be removed

■ Easy to transport via truck or train ■ quick to install ■ can be used for many applications

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid | Dr. Michael Zerrer | INMR 2017 Barcelona | Nov 5-8, 2017

Examples of a pluggable system for flexible solutions

Flexible solutions with pluggable equipment ■ Mobile partly replacement of overhead lines ■ Fast and flexible solution ■ Customizable cable length ■ Replacement during construction works near/under OHL ■ For service works of OHL /poles ■ Easy to transport

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid | Dr. Michael Zerrer | INMR 2017 Barcelona | Nov 5-8, 2017

Examples of a pluggable system for flexible solutions

Flexible solutions with pluggable equipment ■ Mobile partly replacement of overhead lines ■ Fast and flexible solution ■ Customizable cable length ■ Replacement during construction works near/under OHL ■ For service works of OHL /poles ■ Easy to transport ■ Setup in Austria, 220/280 kV upgrade, 150-250m cable length

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid | Dr. Michael Zerrer | INMR 2017 Barcelona | Nov 5-8, 2017

Examples of a pluggable system for flexible solutions

Flexible solutions with pluggable equipment ■ Pluggable connection of offshore platforms ■ Connecting platform with sea cables and/or inter array cabling ■ No oil or gas involved ■ Connection between different cable diameter ■ System is fully offshore proved

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid | Dr. Michael Zerrer | INMR 2017 Barcelona | Nov 5-8, 2017

Examples of a pluggable system for flexible solutions

Flexible solutions with pluggable equipment ■ Pluggable connection of offshore platforms ■ Connecting platform with sea cables and/or inter array cabling ■ No oil or gas involved ■ Connection between different cable diameter ■ System is fully offshore proved ■ Complete cabling of the platform can be done onshore ■ Testing can be done onshore ■ Only one plug-process offshore

Cable Accessories as Enablers for the Future Grid | Dr. Michael Zerrer | INMR 2017 Barcelona | Nov 5-8, 2017

Thank you for your attention.

THE PFISTERER GROUP

the power connection