Brian R. Swett, Chief of Environment and Energy, City of Boston email - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Brian R. Swett, Chief of Environment and Energy, City of Boston email - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Apr 08, 2023 12 likes •317 views

Brian R. Swett, Chief of Environment and Energy, City of Boston email EnvironmentalEnergy@cityofboston.gov web www.cityofboston.gov/environmentalandenergy/ & www.greenovateboston.org City has been tracking municipal and community emissions

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Brian R. Swett, Chief of Environment and Energy, City of Boston

email EnvironmentalEnergy@cityofboston.gov web www.cityofboston.gov/environmentalandenergy/ & www.greenovateboston.org

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City has been tracking municipal and community emissions since 2005 Both are on track to achieve reduction goals set by Mayor Menino Efficiency programs have kept emissions stable, despite growth in population and jobs A drop in emissions factors have resulted in the largest reduction in emissions Further investment from the C/I sector is needed to reach its goals

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2012: Warmest Year on Record in the U.S. by one full degree

  • 8

Difference from the average temperature (oF) +8

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July 2012

Warmest Month Ever

Recorded in the U.S.

3.3°F above the 20th-century U.S. average

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Sea-level ≈ 10” over past 100 years

Boston Harbor Tide Gauge

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Mean High Water + 5’ : Projected to occur by mid to late century Equivalent to flooding from Hurricane Sandy if it hit during high tide!

Coastal Vulnerability is Increasing

Photo Credit: TBHA, 2012

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Leading by Example

City of Boston Municipal GHG Emissions

“The City of Boston…shall strive to meet or exceed the goal of reducing its annual greenhouse gas emissions seven percent

below 1990 levels by 2012” – Mayor Menino, 2007 Executive

Order

✔

“Boston City government intends to reduce the GHG emissions from municipal operations at least 25 percent below 1990

levels by 2020” – A Climate of Progress: City of Boston Climate

Action Plan Update 2011

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120,000 130,000 140,000 150,000 160,000 170,000 180,000 190,000 200,000 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 '13 '14 '15 '16 '17 '18 '19 '20

Metric Tons CO2e

Fiscal Year

Municipal GHGs

Emissions 2012 Goal Baseline 2020 Goal

Municipal Emissions City of Boston, 2011Update

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20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 160,000 180,000 200,000 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11

Metric Tons CO2e Municipal GHG Emissions by Department

Graphic Arts Inspectional Services Neighborhood Development Arts, Tourism, & Events Emergency Medical Services Transportation Parks and Recreation Water and Sewer Commission Center for Youth and Families Public Works Fire Library

Public Health Commission Property & Construction Mgmt Police Public Works - Streetlights Boston Public Schools 2012 Goal 2020 Goal 2050 Goal

Departments Emit

  • f the City’s GHGs 75%

5

Municipal Emissions City of Boston, 2011Update

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Community GHG Emissions & Mitigation Strategies

“The Climate Action committees recommended that the Boston community reduce its overall greenhouse gas emissions 25 percent by 2020 and 80

percent by 2050” – A Climate of Progress: City of

Boston Climate Action Plan Update 2011

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7,567,000 6,915,000 5,675,250 5,000,000 5,500,000 6,000,000 6,500,000 7,000,000 7,500,000 8,000,000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Metric Tons of CO2e

Community GHG Emissions

Emissions are 9% Since 2005

Community Emissions City of Boston, 2011Update

2020 Goal,

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500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000 2,500,000 3,000,000 3,500,000 4,000,000 4,500,000

Residential Comm/Ind Transportation MWRA Metric Tons CO2e

Community GHG Reductions by Sector

2005 2011

  • 9%
  • 11%
  • 3%
  • 24%

Community Emissions City of Boston, 2011Update

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Jobs in Boston 5%

C/I emissions per job 7.6 to 6.4

Population in Boston 6%

Between 2005 - 2011

Per capita emissions in Boston are decreasing

12.9 to 11.1 over past 6 years Since 2005 Since 2005

Community Emissions City of Boston, 2011Update

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500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000 2,500,000 3,000,000 3,500,000

Electricity Natural Gas Fuel Oil Steam Gasoline Diesel Waste

Metric Tons CO2e

Percent GHG Reductions by Source, 2005-2011

2005 2011

  • 9%
  • 46%
  • 3%
  • 27%
  • 21%

+4% +5%

Emissions Altered by a Change in Steam Production and a Switch to Natural Gas

Community Emissions City of Boston, 2011Update

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0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Index (2005=1)

Electricity Use and GHG

Consumption CO2e Emissions Factor

The Emissions Factor has been the Major Driver of Electricity Emissions Reduction

Community Emissions City of Boston, 2011Update

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Shift from Coal & Oil to Natural Gas Causing Electricity Emissions Factor to Drop (source: New England ISO)

15.7% 5.9% 4.3% 0.2% 29.3% 38.4% 12.6% 13.2% 6.1% 7.8% 26.2% 28.4% 5.1% 5.0% 0.6% 1.0%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 2005 2011

Generation (GWh) Other renewables* Wood/refuse biomass Nuclear Hydroelectric Oil/gas dual use Natural gas Oil Coal

*Wind, solar, municipal solid waste, steam

131,877 GWh 120,610 GWh

Community Emissions City of Boston, 2011Update

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0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Million BTUs Steam Fuel Source, 2000 - 2011

  • No. 6 Oil
  • No. 2 Oil

Natural Gas

Steam Emission Factor Falls

Increase in Cogen Steam Switch from Oil to Natural Gas

Why?

Community Emissions City of Boston, 2011Update

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0.95 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.99 1.00 1.01 1.02 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Index (2005 = 1)

VMTs and GHG

VMTs All Vehicles Total CO2e CO2e per Vehicle Mile

Transportation Emissions Drop Due to More Efficient Vehicles

Community Emissions City of Boston, 2011Update

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Strategy Jurisdiction Share of Goal Status

Utility Energy Efficiency Programs State 31% Implemented Renewable Portfolio Standard State 11% Implemented Energy Efficiency Retrofit Ordinances Boston 7% On Hold Appliance Standards Federal 5% Implemented Behavior Change Boston 3% Under Way Oil Heat Efficiency Program State/Boston 3% Under Development Reporting and Disclosure Boston 2% Under Development LCFS For Heating Fuels State 2% Pending Building Codes State 2% Delayed Stretch Building Code Boston 1% Implemented Cool Roofs Boston 1% Under Development Federal/State Mileage and GHG Standards Federal/State 14% Implemented Mass Transit/Parking State/Boston 5% Under Way Car Sharing Boston 2% Implemented Bike Programs Boston 1% Implemented Behavior Change - Transportation Boston 4% Under Way Low-C/Renewable Vehicle Fuel Standards Federal/State 5% Pending Anti-Idling Boston <1% Implemented Commercial Solid Waste Reduction Boston 2% Under Development Residential Solid Waste Reduction Boston 1% Under Way

GHG Reduction Strategies

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Commercial/Industrial Emissions & Mitigation Strategies

The 2010 Leadership Committee report projected a 23 percent reduction in

GHG emissions by 2020 for C&I sector in

recommending the community goal.

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3,000,000 3,200,000 3,400,000 3,600,000 3,800,000 4,000,000 4,200,000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Metric Ton of CO2e

Commercial/Industrial GHG Emissions

C/I Sector Emissions City of Boston, 2011Update

2020 Goal, 23%

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500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000 2,500,000 Electricity Natural Gas Fuel Oil Steam Waste Metric Tons CO2e C/I GHG Reductions 2005-2011 2005 2011

  • 5%
  • 9%
  • 12%
  • 46%
  • 21%

C/I Sector Emissions City of Boston, 2011Update

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  • 300,000
  • 250,000
  • 200,000
  • 150,000
  • 100,000
  • 50,000

50,000 Electricity emissions factor Electricity consumption Steam emissions factor Steam consumption Natural gas consumption Fuel oil area Solid waste Metric Tons of CO2e

C/I GHG Reductions 2005-2011

Emission Factors are the Major Drivers

  • 40%
  • 29%
  • 12%
  • 5%
  • 6%
  • 10%

+1.4%

C/I Sector Emissions City of Boston, 2011Update

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Efficiency Programs are Helping Boston Meet Goals

2,000,000 2,100,000 2,200,000 2,300,000 2,400,000 2,500,000 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Emissions from C&I Electricity Use (Tons)

Original C&I Electricity Targets Actual C&I Use C&I Use Without EE Savings

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2,000,000 2,500,000 3,000,000 3,500,000 4,000,000 4,500,000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Metric Tons CO2e C/I GHG Emissions

Goal (23%)

C/I Sector Emissions City of Boston, 2011Update

1 million metric tons = 3% reduction/year

And Accommodate Growth?

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Total cost = $838 million

Utility programs contribute $373 million Non- utility costs = $465 million ÷ by 300 million sq.

  • ft. of real

estate

$1.55 per

  • sq. ft. over

9 years

C&I GHG Reduction Costs to 2020

C/I Sector Emissions City of Boston, 2011Update

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27

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Individual Enterprises Are Demonstrating the “Art of the Possible”

Organization Targeted Reduction Factor Targeted Year

Bank of America 30% GHG Emissions 2015 Harvard University 30% GHG Emissions 2016 Northeastern University 20% GHG Emissions 2015 MIT 15% Energy Use 2012 UMass-Boston 40% GHG Emissions 2020 Partners HealthCare 25% GHG Emissions & Energy Use 2014 Starwood Hotels 30% Energy Use 2020 Hyatt 25% Energy Use 2015

Our challenge will be getting adoption of similar goals across the entire C/I sector

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Renew Boston Strategic Plan to Support the C/I Sector

Strategies C/I Initiatives

  • 1. Tracking of Progress and

Strategy

  • 1. Sector Targeting and Tracking
  • 2. Municipal Energy Unit
  • 2. City-Utility Alignment
  • 3. Renew Boston Utility Program Manager
  • 4. Renew Boston C/I Working Group
  • 3. Targeted Outreach Campaign

and Networks

  • 5. Renew Boston Small Business
  • 6. Green Ribbon Commission
  • 7. Pacesetter Initiative
  • 4. Greenovation Lab
  • 8. GRC Sector Working Groups
  • 9. Building Energy Disclosure Ordinance
  • 10. District Energy Planning, CHP and Business

Financing

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GRC Discussion

  • Are these goals realistic?
  • What do sector leaders need to achieve these goals?
  • How do we broaden engagement across the entire

sector?

  • What role can the Green Ribbon Commission and the

City play?