Breathing Emergencies Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 1

Breathing Emergencies

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 2

Signs of a Breathing Emergency

• Restless, excitement, sleepy, dizzy
• Blue lips, mouth, and/or fingertips
• Silent, but look of surprise, confusion, or panic
• Grasping of the throat
• Noisy breathing (wheezing, hoarse cry, gurgling)
• Irregular breathing (slow, fast)
• Pale, blue, or ashen (gray in color) skin

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 3

Is the Infant/Child Breathing?

• Look for movement; does his/her

chest rise and fall?

• Can he/she talk or cry?
• Can he/she cough?

– Do not try to stop any coughing – Encourage him/her to keep coughing

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 4

Emergency Procedures for Unconscious Infant/Child

• Step 1: CHECK scene and victim

– Check the scene; make sure it is safe – Tap foot (infant) or shoulders (child) – Shout his/her name; ask, “Are you okay?” – Use disposable gloves and breathing barriers if you think you might touch any body fluids

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 5

• Step 2: CALL

– If alone, conduct CPR for one minute, then call 911 or your local emergency number – If not alone, conduct CPR while someone else calls 911 or your local emergency number

Emergency Procedures for Unconscious Infant/Child (cont.)

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 6

• Step 3: CARE

– If face down and you suspect a back or neck injury, check breathing for five seconds without moving victim – If not breathing or unknown, gently turn face-up

Emergency Procedures for Unconscious Infant/Child (cont.)

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 7

• Step 3: CARE (cont.)

– With one hand on their forehead and two fingers from your other hand under the tip of their chin, gently tilt their head and lift chin to open airway – Check for breathing for 5 to 10 seconds:

• LOOK for the victim’s chest to rise
• LISTEN for air exchange (place your ear near the victim’s mouth or nose)
• FEEL for air exchange (place your cheek near the victim’s mouth or nose)

Emergency Procedures for Unconscious Infant/Child (cont.)

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 8

Infant (Age 0-1 Year) Rescue Breathing

• 1. Tap the infant’s foot and shout,

“Are you okay?”

• 2. If no response, shout for help.
• If someone comes, have them call 911 or

your local emergency number

• If no one comes, conduct rescue

breathing and/or CPR for one minute, then call 911 or your local emergency number

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 9

Infant (Age 0-1 Year) Rescue Breathing (cont.)

• 3. Open the infant’s airway (tilt head

and lift chin)

• 4. Look, listen, and feel for breathing

(5 to 10 seconds)

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 10

Infant (Age 0-1 Year) Rescue Breathing (cont.)

• 5. If not breathing:
• Seal your mouth over the infant’s nose

and mouth and give two breaths (one second each, removing your mouth after each breath)

• Watch for chest to rise with each breath

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 11

Infant (Age 0-1 Year) Rescue Breathing (cont.)

• 6. Check for signs of circulation, such as:
• Coughing
• Movement
• Blue skin
• Pulse at brachial artery—front upper arm

halfway between the elbow and arm pit

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 12

Infant (Age 0-1 Year) Rescue Breathing (cont.)

• If signs of circulation, continue rescue

breathing, giving one breath every three seconds and checking circulation every minute

• If no signs of circulation, begin chest

compressions and CPR until help arrives; or continue rescue breathing, giving 20 breaths and checking circulation every minute

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 13

Child (Age 1-8 Years) Rescue Breathing

1. Tap the child’s shoulder and shout, “Are you okay?” 2. If no response, shout for help.

• If someone comes, have them call 911 or

your local emergency number

• If no one comes, conduct rescue

breathing and/or CPR for one minute, then call 911 or your local emergency number

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 14

Child (Age 1-8 Years) Rescue Breathing (cont.)

• 3. Open the child’s airway (tilt head

and lift chin)

• 4. Look, listen, and feel for breathing

(5 to 10 seconds)

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 15

Child (Age 1-8 Years) Rescue Breathing (cont.)

• 5. If not breathing:
• Plug the child’s nose, seal your mouth
• ver the child’s mouth, and give two breaths

(one second each, removing your mouth after each breath)

• Watch for chest to rise with each breath

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 16

Child (Age 1-8 Years) Rescue Breathing (cont.)

• 6. Check for signs of circulation, such as:
• Coughing
• Movement
• Blue skin
• Pulse at carotid artery—neck just to the

right of the voice box

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 17

Child (Age 1-8 Years) Rescue Breathing (cont.)

• If signs of circulation, continue rescue

breathing, giving one breath every three seconds and checking circulation every minute

• If no signs of circulation, begin chest

compressions and CPR until help arrives; or continue rescue breathing, giving 20 breaths and checking circulation every minute

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 18

Infant (Age 0-1 Year) Choking

• 1. If alone, shout for help.
• If someone comes, have them call 911 or

your local emergency number

• If no one comes, conduct rescue

skills for one minute, then call 911 or your local emergency number

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 19

Infant (Age 0-1 Year) Choking (cont.)

• 2. Hold infant facedown on your right

forearm, supporting the infant’s head and jaw with your right hand

• 3. Sit or kneel and rest your arm on your

right thigh, holding the infant’s shoulders below his/her hips

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 20

Infant (Age 0-1 Year) Choking (cont.)

• 4. Give up to five “back slaps” with the

heel of your left hand between the infant’s shoulder blades, each slap a little harder to help obstruction dislodge

• 5. Hold the back of the infant’s head

with your left hand, and flip infant to your left forearm, supporting the infant’s head and neck with your left hand

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 21

Infant (Age 0-1 Year) Choking (cont.)

• 6. Give up to five “chest thrusts” on the

breastbone using two fingers of your right hand, placing the fingertips one finger width below the nipple line

• 7. Alternate five “back slaps” and five “chest

thrusts” until the object comes out; the infant breathes, coughs, or cries; or until the infant stops responding (begin rescue breathing and/or CPR)

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 22

Child (Age 1-8 Years) Choking

• 1. If alone, shout for help
• If someone comes, have them call 911 or

your local emergency number

• If no one comes, conduct rescue

skills for one minute, then call 911 or your local emergency number

To protect both you and the victim, avoid contact with body substances or fluids, known as Body Substance Isolation (BSI), whenever possible. BSI procedures assume that all body fluids are a possible risk; use gloves and/or breathing barriers, if available, and always wash your hands after care.

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 23

Child (Age 1-8 Years) Choking (cont.)

• 2. Ask, “Are you choking?” If he or she

nods yes, explain that you know how to help

• 3. Kneel or stand firmly behind the child

and wrap your arms around him/her so that your hands are under his/her arms and in front of his/her abdomen

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 24

Child (Age 1-8 Years) Choking (cont.)

• 4. Make a fist with one hand
• 5. Place the thumb side of your fist

slightly above the child’s navel and well below his/her breastbone

• 6. Grasping your fist with your other hand,

give quick upward thrusts into the child’s abdomen

Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 25

Child (Age 1-8 Years) Choking (cont.)

• 7. Continue thrusts until the object

comes out; the child breathes, coughs or talks; or until the child stops responding (begin rescue breathing and/or CPR)