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Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics Davide - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics Davide Gaiotto dgaiotto@fas.harvard.edu Harvard University joint work with Aaron Simons, Andrew Strominger, Xi Yin hep-th/ 0412322 hep-th/ 0412179 Black Hole Attractors and


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SLIDE 1

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics

Davide Gaiotto

dgaiotto@fas.harvard.edu

Harvard University joint work with Aaron Simons, Andrew Strominger, Xi Yin

hep-th/0412322 hep-th/0412179

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 2

Contents

  • Brief review:
  • BPS black holes in N = 2 supergravity
  • Near horizon geometry: attractor mechanism

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 3

Contents

  • Brief review:
  • BPS black holes in N = 2 supergravity
  • Near horizon geometry: attractor mechanism
  • D0-brane probes in near horizon geometry
  • Superconformal Quantum Mechanics
  • Short multiplets

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 4

Contents

  • Brief review:
  • BPS black holes in N = 2 supergravity
  • Near horizon geometry: attractor mechanism
  • D0-brane probes in near horizon geometry
  • Superconformal Quantum Mechanics
  • Short multiplets
  • BH entropy from D2-brane wrapping horizon.

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 5

N = 2 SUGRA

  • IIA (IIB) on Calabi Yau threefold

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 6

N = 2 SUGRA

  • IIA (IIB) on Calabi Yau threefold
  • gravitational multiplet gµν,ψµ,Aµ
  • n = h1,1 vector multiplets Ai

µ,λi,zi

  • h2,1 + 1 hypermultiplets

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 7

N = 2 SUGRA

  • IIA (IIB) on Calabi Yau threefold
  • gravitational multiplet gµν,ψµ,Aµ
  • n = h1,1 vector multiplets Ai

µ,λi,zi

  • h2,1 + 1 hypermultiplets

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 8

N = 2 SUGRA

  • IIA (IIB) on Calabi Yau threefold
  • gravitational multiplet gµν,ψµ,Aµ
  • n = h1,1 vector multiplets Ai

µ,λi,zi

  • h2,1 + 1 hypermultiplets
  • Sp(2n + 2) symmetry:

FA

GA

XA

FA

  • Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.
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SLIDE 9

N = 2 SUGRA

  • IIA (IIB) on Calabi Yau threefold
  • gravitational multiplet gµν,ψµ,Aµ
  • n = h1,1 vector multiplets Ai

µ,λi,zi

  • h2,1 + 1 hypermultiplets
  • Sp(2n + 2) symmetry:

FA

GA

XA

FA

  • zi = Xi

X0

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 10

N = 2 SUGRA

  • IIA (IIB) on Calabi Yau threefold
  • gravitational multiplet gµν,ψµ,Aµ
  • n = h1,1 vector multiplets Ai

µ,λi,zi

  • h2,1 + 1 hypermultiplets
  • Sp(2n + 2) symmetry:

FA

GA

XA

FA

  • zi = Xi

X0

  • FA = ∂AF = ∂A
  • DabcXaXbXc

X0

+ · · ·

  • Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.
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SLIDE 11

BPS Black Holes

  • Graviphoton: XAGA − FAFA
  • Mass: Z∞ =
  • pAFA − qAXA

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 12

BPS Black Holes

  • Graviphoton: XAGA − FAFA
  • Mass: Z∞ =
  • pAFA − qAXA
  • Depends on moduli at infinity.

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 13

BPS Black Holes

  • Graviphoton: XAGA − FAFA
  • Mass: Z∞ =
  • pAFA − qAXA
  • Depends on moduli at infinity.
  • Dependence is forgotten near the horizon
  • XA(r) → XA

fixed(pA, qA)

as

r → 0

  • Scalars flow to an attractor point

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 14

BPS Black Holes

  • XA

fixed extremizes |Z| = |pAFA − qAXA|

  • Re CXA

fixed = pA

Re CFA fixed = qA

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 15

BPS Black Holes

  • XA

fixed extremizes |Z| = |pAFA − qAXA|

  • Re CXA

fixed = pA

Re CFA fixed = qA

  • SBH(p, q) = π|Z|2

fixed

  • exp SBH(p, q) ≃ Number of microstates of black hole

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 16

Entropy from microstates

  • Charges

pA

qA

  • from D-branes in Calabi-Yau

(p0, pa, qa, q0) (D6, D4, D2, D0)

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 17

Entropy from microstates

  • Charges

pA

qA

  • from D-branes in Calabi-Yau

(p0, pa, qa, q0) (D6, D4, D2, D0)

  • Counting of bound states of D4, D2, D0
  • SBH(p, q) ≃ 2π√D˜

q0

  • D = Dabcpapbpc

˜ q0 = q0 + 1

12Dabqaqb

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 18

Entropy from microstates

  • Charges

pA

qA

  • from D-branes in Calabi-Yau

(p0, pa, qa, q0) (D6, D4, D2, D0)

  • Counting of bound states of D4, D2, D0
  • SBH(p, q) ≃ 2π√D˜

q0

  • D = Dabcpapbpc

˜ q0 = q0 + 1

12Dabqaqb

  • Different computations: M-theory, others.

1 (1−xn)6D

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 19

Probing near the horizon

  • Bertotti-Robinson AdS 2 × S2 × CY |fixed
  • Maximal supersymmetry: 8 supercharges

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 20

Probing near the horizon

  • Bertotti-Robinson AdS 2 × S2 × CY |fixed
  • Maximal supersymmetry: 8 supercharges
  • D-branes can be BPS for generic charges
  • Same SUSY preserved by charges (u, v)

uAqA − vApA > 0

  • Many ways to probe near horizon geometry.

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 21

Probing near the horizon

  • Bertotti-Robinson AdS 2 × S2 × CY |fixed
  • Maximal supersymmetry: 8 supercharges
  • D-branes can be BPS for generic charges
  • Same SUSY preserved by charges (u, v)

uAqA − vApA > 0

  • Many ways to probe near horizon geometry.

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 22

Plan

Superconformal QM of probe D-branes

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 23

Plan

Superconformal QM of probe D-branes

  • Black Hole Entropy:
  • microstates as bound states in near-horizon

geometry

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 24

Plan

Superconformal QM of probe D-branes

  • Black Hole Entropy:
  • microstates as bound states in near-horizon

geometry

  • AdS2/CFT1 correspondence:
  • Superconformal Matrix Quantum Mechanics?

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 25

D0 branes in AdS2 × S2 × CY

  • Action in Poincare coordinates

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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D0 branes in AdS2 × S2 × CY

  • Action in Poincare coordinates
  • − m
  • dt
  • R2

σ2 (1− ˙ σ2)−R2( ˙ θ2+sin2 θ ˙ φ2)−2gµν ˙ yµ ˙ yν

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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SLIDE 27

D0 branes in AdS2 × S2 × CY

  • Action in Poincare coordinates
  • − m
  • dt
  • R2

σ2 (1− ˙ σ2)−R2( ˙ θ2+sin2 θ ˙ φ2)−2gµν ˙ yµ ˙ yν

  • qeR
  • dt

σ + qmR

  • dφ cos θ

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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D0 branes in AdS2 × S2 × CY

  • Action in Poincare coordinates
  • − m
  • dt
  • R2

σ2 (1− ˙ σ2)−R2( ˙ θ2+sin2 θ ˙ φ2)−2gµν ˙ yµ ˙ yν

  • qeR
  • dt

σ + qmR

  • dφ cos θ
  • Charges

uA

vA

  • m =
  • uAFA − vAXA
  • qm = pAvA − qAuA

q2

e + q2 m = m2

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p.

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Hamiltonian

  • Hamiltonian to quadratic order (σ = ξ2)
  • 1

8mR ˆ

P 2

ξ + 1 2mRˆ ξ2 ˆ

L2

S2 + 1 2mRˆ ξ2 ˆ

∆CY

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 10

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SLIDE 30

Hamiltonian

  • Hamiltonian to quadratic order (σ = ξ2)
  • 1

8mR ˆ

P 2

ξ + 1 2mRˆ ξ2 ˆ

L2

S2 + 1 2mRˆ ξ2 ˆ

∆CY

  • N = 4 superconformal symmetry SU(1, 1|2)
  • ˆ

D = 1

2{ˆ

ξ, ˆ Pξ} ˆ K = 2mRˆ ξ2

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 10

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SLIDE 31

Hamiltonian

  • Hamiltonian to quadratic order (σ = ξ2)
  • 1

8mR ˆ

P 2

ξ + 1 2mRˆ ξ2 ˆ

L2

S2 + 1 2mRˆ ξ2 ˆ

∆CY

  • N = 4 superconformal symmetry SU(1, 1|2)
  • ˆ

D = 1

2{ˆ

ξ, ˆ Pξ} ˆ K = 2mRˆ ξ2

  • SU(2) R-symmetry ˆ

Ltot

i

= ˆ LS2

i + ˆ

Lspin

i

  • ˆ

Ltot

αβ = ˆ

Ltot

i σi αβ

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 10

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SLIDE 32

Fermions

  • Fermionic partners: D0 brane has 16 in 10d spinor Θ
  • Θ = λαu + ηa

αΓau + ¯

η¯

a αΓ¯ a¯

u + ¯ λα¯ u

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 11

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SLIDE 33

Fermions

  • Fermionic partners: D0 brane has 16 in 10d spinor Θ
  • Θ = λαu + ηa

αΓau + ¯

η¯

a αΓ¯ a¯

u + ¯ λα¯ u

  • 4 goldstinos λA

α =

λα

¯ λα

  • partners of ξ, ˆ

LS2 (3, 4, 1)

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 11

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Fermions

  • Fermionic partners: D0 brane has 16 in 10d spinor Θ
  • Θ = λαu + ηa

αΓau + ¯

η¯

a αΓ¯ a¯

u + ¯ λα¯ u

  • 4 goldstinos λA

α =

λα

¯ λα

  • partners of ξ, ˆ

LS2 (3, 4, 1)

  • {λA

α, λB β } = 2ǫABǫαβ

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 11

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SLIDE 35

Fermions on CY

  • 12 ηa

α, ¯

η¯

a α partners of ya, ¯

a

3(2, 4, 2)

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 12

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SLIDE 36

Fermions on CY

  • 12 ηa

α, ¯

η¯

a α partners of ya, ¯

a

3(2, 4, 2)

  • Will appear as qA

α =

ηa

α∂a

¯ η¯

a α ¯

∂¯

a

  • =

¯ ∂† ∂† ¯ ∂

  • {qA

α, qB β } = ˆ

∆CY ǫαβǫAB

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 12

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SLIDE 37

Fermions on CY

  • 12 ηa

α, ¯

η¯

a α partners of ya, ¯

a

3(2, 4, 2)

  • Will appear as qA

α =

ηa

α∂a

¯ η¯

a α ¯

∂¯

a

  • =

¯ ∂† ∂† ¯ ∂

  • {qA

α, qB β } = ˆ

∆CY ǫαβǫAB

  • R-symmetry SU(2) acts as Lefshetz action on

(p, q)-forms (J∧, (p − q)/2, ı(J))

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 12

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SLIDE 38

Fermionic symmetries

  • { ˆ

SA

α , ˆ

SB

β } = 2ǫABǫαβ ˆ

K

  • ˆ

SA

α = ˆ

ξλA

α

{λA

α, λB β } = 2ǫABǫαβ

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 13

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SLIDE 39

Fermionic symmetries

  • { ˆ

SA

α , ˆ

SB

β } = 2ǫABǫαβ ˆ

K

  • ˆ

SA

α = ˆ

ξλA

α

{λA

α, λB β } = 2ǫABǫαβ

  • { ˆ

SA

α , ˆ

QB

β } = ǫAB(ǫαβ ˆ

D + 2iˆ Ltot

αβ)

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 13

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SLIDE 40

Supersymmetry generators

  • ˆ

QA

α = 1 ˆ ξ ˆ

qA

α,CY +

(1

2 ˆ

PξλA

α − i ˆ ξ(ˆ

LS2

αβ + ˆ

LCY

αβ + 1 2Lλ αβ)λAβ

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 14

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SLIDE 41

Supersymmetry generators

  • ˆ

QA

α = 1 ˆ ξ ˆ

qA

α,CY +

(1

2 ˆ

PξλA

α − i ˆ ξ(ˆ

LS2

αβ + ˆ

LCY

αβ + 1 2Lλ αβ)λAβ

  • { ˆ

QA

α, ˆ

QB

β } = 2ǫABǫαβ ˆ

H

  • Nontrivial cancellations at work.
  • ˆ

H =

1 8mR ˆ

P 2

ξ + 1 2mRˆ ξ2 ˆ

L2

tot + m Rˆ ξ2 ˆ

∆CY + · · ·

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 14

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SLIDE 42

BPS ground states

  • Short multiplets of SU(1, 1|2)

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 15

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SLIDE 43

BPS ground states

  • Short multiplets of SU(1, 1|2)
  • GA

α,± 1

2 =

1 √ 2(QA α ∓ iSA α )

  • ˆ

L0 = ˆ H + ˆ K ˆ L±1 = ˆ H − ˆ K ∓ i ˆ D

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 15

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SLIDE 44

BPS ground states

  • Short multiplets of SU(1, 1|2)
  • GA

α,± 1

2 =

1 √ 2(QA α ∓ iSA α )

  • ˆ

L0 = ˆ H + ˆ K ˆ L±1 = ˆ H − ˆ K ∓ i ˆ D

  • Highest weight in long multiplet killed by GA

α, 1

2

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 15

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SLIDE 45

BPS ground states

  • Short multiplets of SU(1, 1|2)
  • GA

α,± 1

2 =

1 √ 2(QA α ∓ iSA α )

  • ˆ

L0 = ˆ H + ˆ K ˆ L±1 = ˆ H − ˆ K ∓ i ˆ D

  • Highest weight in long multiplet killed by GA

α, 1

2

  • In short multiplet also GA

+,− 1

2

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 15

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SLIDE 46

BPS ground states:

  • Killed by λA

+

Ltot

++

qA

α

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 16

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SLIDE 47

BPS ground states:

  • Killed by λA

+

Ltot

++

qA

α

  • Harmonic forms on CY
  • Highest SU(2)tot weight

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 16

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SLIDE 48

BPS ground states:

  • Killed by λA

+

Ltot

++

qA

α

  • Harmonic forms on CY
  • Highest SU(2)tot weight
  • State counting depends only on CY topology

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 16

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SLIDE 49

Impasse

  • No dependence on D4 brane charges
  • Matrix degrees of freedom for multi-D0 branes more

relevant for AdS2/CFT1

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 17

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SLIDE 50

Impasse

  • No dependence on D4 brane charges
  • Matrix degrees of freedom for multi-D0 branes more

relevant for AdS2/CFT1

  • D4 charge couples to non-commutative coordinates
  • F4 = ωS2 ∧ pAαA

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 17

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SLIDE 51

Impasse

  • No dependence on D4 brane charges
  • Matrix degrees of freedom for multi-D0 branes more

relevant for AdS2/CFT1

  • D4 charge couples to non-commutative coordinates
  • F4 = ωS2 ∧ pAαA
  • Difficult to write Matrix SCQM

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 17

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SLIDE 52

D2-branes wrapping S2

  • No flat directions from gauge field
  • Drop LS2 part from SCQM
  • Magnetic field on CY : Fa¯

b = pAαA = Ja¯ b

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 18

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SLIDE 53

D2-branes wrapping S2

  • No flat directions from gauge field
  • Drop LS2 part from SCQM
  • Magnetic field on CY : Fa¯

b = pAαA = Ja¯ b

  • Magnetic field changes anticommutator of qA

α

  • {qA

α, qB β } = ˆ

HCY ǫαβǫAB + c′LCY

αβ σAB 1

  • Spurious term in {QA

α, QB β }

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 18

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SLIDE 54

Corrected supercharge

  • ˆ

QA

α = (1 2 ˆ

PξλA

α − i ˆ ξ(ˆ

LCY

αβ + 1 2Lλ αβ))λAβ+

+c(σ3)A

BλB α + 1 ˆ ξ ˆ

qA

α,CY

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 19

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SLIDE 55

Corrected supercharge

  • ˆ

QA

α = (1 2 ˆ

PξλA

α − i ˆ ξ(ˆ

LCY

αβ + 1 2Lλ αβ))λAβ+

+c(σ3)A

BλB α + 1 ˆ ξ ˆ

qA

α,CY

  • { ˆ

QA

α, ˆ

QB

β } = 2ǫABǫαβ ˆ

H

  • Extra potential term in bosonic Hamiltonian from mass
  • f D2

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 19

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SLIDE 56

Corrected supercharge

  • ˆ

QA

α = (1 2 ˆ

PξλA

α − i ˆ ξ(ˆ

LCY

αβ + 1 2Lλ αβ))λAβ+

+c(σ3)A

BλB α + 1 ˆ ξ ˆ

qA

α,CY

  • { ˆ

QA

α, ˆ

QB

β } = 2ǫABǫαβ ˆ

H

  • Extra potential term in bosonic Hamiltonian from mass
  • f D2
  • { ˆ

SA

α , ˆ

QB

β } = · · · + c(σ1)ABǫαβ

  • Central extension from charge of D2 on sphere

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 19

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SLIDE 57

BPS ground states

  • Less short multiplets
  • Highest weight killed by one G− 1

2 only

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 20

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SLIDE 58

BPS ground states

  • Less short multiplets
  • Highest weight killed by one G− 1

2 only

  • Ground states from Landau levels on Calabi Yau.

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 20

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SLIDE 59

BPS ground states

  • Less short multiplets
  • Highest weight killed by one G− 1

2 only

  • Ground states from Landau levels on Calabi Yau.
  • Leading order 4D bosonic ground states, 4D fermionic
  • D = Dabcpapbpc

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 20

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SLIDE 60

Counting microstates

  • D2 brane wrapping horizon has D0 charge only.
  • State count indipendent from D0 brane charge

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 21

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SLIDE 61

Counting microstates

  • D2 brane wrapping horizon has D0 charge only.
  • State count indipendent from D0 brane charge
  • Put all D0 brane charge of black hole in these states.
  • Same counting as usual: different ways to partition q0

among D2 branes of 6D kinds

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 21

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SLIDE 62

Counting microstates

  • D2 brane wrapping horizon has D0 charge only.
  • State count indipendent from D0 brane charge
  • Put all D0 brane charge of black hole in these states.
  • Same counting as usual: different ways to partition q0

among D2 branes of 6D kinds

  • Asymptotic number of states exp(2π√Dq0)

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 21

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SLIDE 63

Conclusions

  • Near horizon bound states can account for entropy

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 22

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SLIDE 64

Conclusions

  • Near horizon bound states can account for entropy
  • Why is it interesting?
  • ZBH =

q Ω(p, q)e−qAφA ≃ |Z|2 top

  • Ω(p, q) is number of bound states: open string

theory, ignore attractor eqn.

  • |Z|2

top is closed string topological partition function at

the attractor point!

  • Natural to seek explanation in attractor geometry.

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 22

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SLIDE 65

Future directions

  • Extension to more general charges?
  • Counting beyond the leading order

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 23

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SLIDE 66

Future directions

  • Extension to more general charges?
  • Counting beyond the leading order
  • Relate near-horizon microstates to
  • D4 − D0 bound states, black string excitations.
  • SUGRA solutions for single microstates?

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 23

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SLIDE 67

Future directions

  • Extension to more general charges?
  • Counting beyond the leading order
  • Relate near-horizon microstates to
  • D4 − D0 bound states, black string excitations.
  • SUGRA solutions for single microstates?
  • Full Matrix SCQM for AdS2/CFT1

Black Hole Attractors and Superconformal Quantum Mechanics – p. 23