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Biochar affects the spatial distribution
- f eutectic soil microorganisms in
petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil
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100:9:1
CTPH:N:P
Chang et al., 2010.
Biochar affects the spatial distribution of eutectic soil - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Biochar affects the spatial distribution of eutectic soil - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Biochar affects the spatial distribution of eutectic soil microorganisms in petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil www.usask.ca 100:9:1 C TPH :N:P www.usask.ca Chang et al., 2010 . Biochar Organic biomass that is pyrolyzed to produce a
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Biochar
- Organic biomass that is pyrolyzed to produce a
carbon-rich char
- Source of nutrients
- Habitat for microorganisms
- Alter abiotic factors (texture, pH, WHC, CEC, etc.)
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Laboratory Study #1
- Incubated at -5°C
for 90 days
- Bonemeal biochar
increased F3-PHC degradation
A
F2-PHC (mg kg-1)
50 100 150 200 250 300
B
Days
30 60 90
F3-PHC (mg kg-1)
400 500 600 700 Control Bonemeal
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Laboratory Study #2
- Incubated at -5°C
for 90 days
- Only bonemeal
biochar increased F3-PHC degradation
Treatment Control Fishmeal Bonemeal Wood F3-PHC (mg kg-1) 50 100 150 200 250 300
Day 0 Day 90
**
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Hypothesis
- Bonemeal biochar has ideal properties for PHC
remediation in northern landfarms.
Biochar particle Charosphere soil
- In short-term
studies, biochar influences the physical, chemical and biological properties of the charosphere.
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Experimental Design
A) Biochar (6%) B) Charosphere soil (0.7%) C) Bulk soil (93.3%)
A C B
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Treatments
i)
Control
ii)
Fishmeal biochar
iii) Bonemeal biochar iv) Wood biochar Replicated 5x and incubated at -5°C for 90 days
3.8 cm 6.4 cm
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Biochar Properties
Amendment Property Amendments Fishmeal Bonemeal Wood pH 9.0 8.5 8.9 Surface area (m2 g-1) 7.1 147 78 Pore volume (cm3 g-1) 0.025 0.382 0.006 Pore size (nm) 13 9.8 2.2 CEC† (cmolc kg-1) 54 57 7
†CEC = cation exchange capacity
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13C-Phenanthrene Mineralization
Unlabelled Labelled
13C 12C =
− 24
Microbial decomposition of enriched PHE
13C 12C =
670
Microbial decomposition of PHE
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Treatment
C
- n
t r
- l
F i s h m e a l B
- n
e m e a l W
- d
13C-phenanthrene mineralization (%)
normalized to bulk soil
1 2 3
Biochar Charosphere
** 1 2 3
Bulk Soil
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Functional Gene Abundance
O O
nahAc
OH OH
C2,3O
+ O2 O O OH HO
Napthalene dioxygenase Catechol 2,3 dioxygenase
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log10(copies nahAc g-1) normalized to bulk soil
0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
Biochar Charosphere
Treatment
C
- n
t r
- l
F i s h m e a l B
- n
e C h i p W
- d
log10(copies C2,3O g-1) normalized to bulk soil
0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
Biochar Charosphere Bulk Soil Bulk Soil
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Treatment
C
- n
t r
- l
F i s h m e a l B
- n
e m e a l W
- d
NO3
- [log10(µg g
- 1)]
normalized to bulk soil
0.1 1 10 100 Biochar Charosphere
Bulk Soil
Extractable Nitrate
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Summary
- Bonemeal biochar particles directly influence
mineralization and functional gene abundance in the charosphere.
- Surface area and pore volume are important for
microbial activity and PHC-degradation.
- Bone-derived biochars supply nitrate, but
diffusion into the charosphere was not evident.
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Further analysis
- Microbial community structure
- Next-gen sequencing
- Total PHC-degrading population
- MPN
- pH and extractable PO4
3-
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