BIBLICAL SURVEY Joseph - Moses: Archaeology Israel in Egypt Joseph - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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From here To here BIBLICAL SURVEY Joseph - Moses: Archaeology Israel in Egypt Joseph to Moses What problems are posed by archaeology compared to the Bible? University College London 1997 University College London 1997 University

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BIBLICAL SURVEY Joseph - Moses: Archaeology

From here To here

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Israel in Egypt – Joseph to Moses

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What problems are posed by archaeology compared to the Bible?

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University College London 1997

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University College London 1997

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University College London 1997

Subject: The Origin of Early Israel—Current Debate: Biblical, Historical and Archaeological Perspectives

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Israel Finkelstein

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Israel Finkelstein “The Rise of Early Israel— Archaeology and Long- Term History”

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Israel Finkelstein Neil Silberman

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Neil Silberman Israel Finkelstein “There is no recognizable archaeological evidence of Israelite presence in Egypt.”

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Neil Silberman Israel Finkelstein Abraham, Moses, and the exodus are “a brilliant product of the human imagination first conceived about 2600 years ago [600 BC]”

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Neil Silberman S bj Israel Finkelstein “T A These are “the guys”

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Insert movie

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Allegedly conflicting dates

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Allegedly conflicting dates

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Allegedly conflicting dates

In the 480th year after the people of Israel came out of the land of Egypt, in the 4th year

  • f Solomon’s reign he began to build the

temple (1 Kgs6:1)

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Allegedly conflicting dates

960BC In the 480th year after the people of Israel came out of the land of Egypt, in the 4th year

  • f Solomon’s reign he began to build the

temple (1 Kgs6:1)

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Allegedly conflicting dates

960BC Plus 480 1440BC

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Allegedly conflicting dates

960BC Plus 480 1440BC

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Allegedly conflicting dates

960BC Plus 480 1440BC “They built for Pharaoh store cities, Pithomand Raamses.” (Ex 1:11) 1st“Raamses” 1320BC

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Allegedly conflictin

Plus 480 1440BC “They built for Pharaoh sto cities, Pithomand Raamse (Ex 1:11) 1st“Raamses” 1320BC

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A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible

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A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible

EGYPT SINAI

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A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible

Nile Delta

EGYPT SINAI

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A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible

EGYPT SINAI

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A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible

EGYPT SINAI Where is the record?

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A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible

EGYPT SINAI

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A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible

EGYPT SINAI

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A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible

EGYPT SINAI “Any group escaping Egypt against the will of the pharaoh would have easily been tracked down not

  • nly by an Egyptian army chasing it from the delta
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A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible

EGYPT SINAI but also by the Egyptian soldiers in the forts in northern Sinai and in Canaan ”

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Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings

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Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings

SINAI

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Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings

SINAI

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Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings

SINAI “Not a single campsite or sign of occupation from the time of Ramesses II and his immediate predecessors and successors has ever been identified in Sinai”

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“Clues” to a 600’s date

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“Clues” to a 600’s date

Using names of people and places known in the 600’s

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“Clues” to a 600’s date

Using names of people and places known in the 600’s “Pharaoh” is not named

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“Clues” to a 600’s date

Egypt’s concern about “eastern invaders” must have followed the actions of Assyria, Babylon, and Persia

Egypt

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“Clues” to a 600’s date

Egypt’s concern about “eastern invaders” must have followed the actions of Assyria, Babylon, and Persia

Egypt

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“Clues” to a 600’s date

Egypt’s concern about “eastern invaders” must have followed the actions of Assyria, Babylon, and Persia

Egypt

Assyria

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“Clues” to a 600’s date

Egypt’s concern about “eastern invaders” must have followed the actions of Assyria, Babylon, and Persia

Egypt

Assyria Babylon

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“Clues” to a 600’s date

Egypt’s concern about “eastern invaders” must have followed the actions of Assyria, Babylon, and Persia

Egypt

Assyria Babylon Persia

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What problems are posed by archaeology compared to the Bible?

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University College London 1997

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University College London 1997

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University College London 1997

Subject: The Origin of Early Israel—Current Debate: Biblical, Historical and Archaeological Perspectives

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Subject: The Origin of Early Israel—Current Debate: Biblical, Historical and Archaeological Perspectives Israel Finkelstein

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Israel Finkelstein (Strong in Iron Age Highland Israeli arch.)

  • K. A. Kitchen

(World renown Egyptologist)

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  • K. A. Kitchen

(World renown Egyptologist)

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  • K. A. Kitchen

(World renown Egyptologist)

  • Over 250 scholarly books and

journal articles since the 1950’s

  • “The very architect of Egyptian

chronology” –The Times 2002

  • A leading expert on the

“RamessidePeriod” and Egypt’s “3rdIntermediate Period”

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Israel Finkelstein (Strong in Iron Age Highland Israeli arch.)

  • K. A. Kitchen

(World renown Egyptologist)

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Israel Finkelstein (Strong in Iron Age Highland Israeli arch.)

  • K. A. Kitchen

(World renown Egyptologist)

Issues need to trump ad hominem

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Allegedly conflicting dates

960BC Plus 480 1440BC “They built for Pharaoh store cities, Pithomand Raamses.” (Ex 1:11) 1st“Raamses” 1320BC

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Allegedly conflicting dates

960BC Plus 480 1440BC “They built for Pharaoh store cities, Pithomand Raamses.” (Ex 1:11) 1st“Raamses” 1320BC

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Allegedly conflicting dates

960BC Plus 480 1440BC “They built for Pharaoh store cities, Pithomand Raamses.” (Ex 1:11) 1st“Raamses” 1320BC Plus 300

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Allegedly conflicting dates

960BC Plus 480 1440BC 1st“Raamses” 1320BC Plus 300 “They built for Pharaoh store cities, Pithomand Raamses.” (Ex 1:11)

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Allegedly conflicting dates

960BC Plus 480 1440BC 1st“Raamses” 1320BC Plus 300 “They built for Pharaoh store cities, Pithomand Raamses.” (Ex 1:11)

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Allegedly conflicting dates

960BC Plus 480 1440BC 1st“Raamses” 1320BC Plus 300 “They built for Pharaoh store cities, Pithomand Raamses.” (Ex 1:11)

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Allegedly conflicting dates

960BC 1440BC 1st“Raamses” 1320BC Plus 300 “They built for Pharaoh store cities, Pithomand Raamses.” (Ex 1:11) 1260/50BC

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The coming timeline!

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Allegedly conflicting dates

Not a problem!

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A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible

Nile Delta

EGYPT SINAI Where is the record?

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A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible

Nile Delta

EGYPT SINAI “Any group escaping Egypt against the will of the pharaoh would have easily been tracked down not

  • nly by an Egyptian army chasing it from the delta
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A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible

Nile Delta

EGYPT SINAI “Ay group escaping Egypt against the will of the pharaoh would have easily been tracked down not

  • nly by an Egyptian army chasing it from the delta

but also by the Egyptian soldiers in the forts in northern Sinai and in Canaan ”

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A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible

Nile Delta

EGYPT SINAI “They are wandering in the land, the wilderness has shut them in” (Ex. 14:3)

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A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible

Nile Delta

EGYPT SINAI “Any group escaping Egypt against the will of the pharaoh would have easily been tracked down not

  • nly by an Egyptian army chasing it from the delta

but also by the Egyptian soldiers in the forts in northern Sinai and in Canaan ” Where is the record? “They are wandering in the land, the wilderness has shut them in” (Ex. 14:3) “God did not lead them by the way of the land of the Philistines, although that was near . For God said, ‘Lest the people change their minds when they see war and return to Egypt.’ But God led the people around by the way of the wilderness” (Ex. 13:17-18)

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A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible

Nile Delta

EGYPT SINAI

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A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible

Nile Delta

EGYPT SINAI

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A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible

Nile Delta

EGYPT SINAI

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A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible

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A mass exodus during RamessesII is impossible

Not a problem!

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Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings

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Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings

Israelites were called “Asians”

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Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings

Israelites were called “Asians” And there are plenty of writings about Asians!

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Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings

EGYPT SINAI

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Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings

EGYPT SINAI Serabitel-Khadim

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Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings

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Zero evidence of wilderness wanderings

Still no problem!

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“Clues” to a 600’s date

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“Clues” to a 600’s date

Using names of people and places known in the 600’s

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“Clues” to a 600’s date

Using names of people and places known in the 600’s This is even more true for the Ramessid era

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“Clues” to a 600’s date

“Pharaoh” is not named This is an argument against 600BC dating!!!

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“Clues” to a 600’s date

Egypt’s concern about “eastern invaders” must have followed the actions of Assyria, Babylon, and Persia

Egypt

Assyria Babylon Persia

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“Clues” to a 600’s date

Egypt’s concern about “eastern invaders” must have followed the actions of Assyria, Babylon, and Persia

Egypt

Assyria Babylon Persia No fear of invasion until 600?

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“Clues” to a 600’s date

Egypt’s concern about “eastern invaders” must have followed the actions of Assyria, Babylon, and Persia

Egypt

Assyria Babylon Persia No fear of invasion until 600?

EGYPT Forts were built to stop

invasions in 1300BC!!!

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“Clues” to a 600’s date

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“Clues” to a 600’s date

No problem!

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Coming in two weeks…. The archaeology consistent with the Bible’s exodus account

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Points for home

“They ruthlessly made the people of Israel work as slaves”

(Ex. 1:13)

Do not doubt this story. It is fundamental

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Points for home

“They forgot his works and the wonders that he had shown them”

(Ps. 78:11)

Do not let God’s work in your life be forgotten

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Points for home

“Deliverance….” Thanksgiving, gratitude, and change

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Want more?

Wantmore@biblical- literacy.com Read Ex. 1 – 10 for next week!