Availability, Reliability, False Alarm Resistance Best Practice in - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Availability, Reliability, False Alarm Resistance Best Practice in - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Availability, Reliability, False Alarm Resistance Best Practice in Fire Alarm Systems FIRE PROTECTION OF ROLLING STOCK 2 rd March 2017 1. Introduction 1905 Compagnie des Wagons-Lits 2000 Rail Services International 2002 Rail Services

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Availability, Reliability, False Alarm Resistance – Best Practice in Fire Alarm Systems

FIRE PROTECTION OF ROLLING STOCK 2rd March 2017

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1. Introduction

1905 Compagnie des Wagons-Lits 2000 Rail Services International 2002 Rail Services International Austria GmbH

Maintenance Modernisation Restauration

FIRE ALARM SYSTEMS

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1. Introduction

2004 Modernisation of sleeping cars 2005 First coaches in Austria with fire detection system

  • vèrified by smoke tests
  • in real operation

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2. Technical Requirements Standards / Guidelines

EN 50155: Railway applications - Electronic equipment used on rolling stock EN 45545-6 Railway applications - Fire protection on railway vehicles Part 6: Fire control and management systems ARGE Guideline - Part 1: "Fire detection in rolling stock" ARGE Guideline - Part 2: "Fire fighting in rolling stock" ARGE Guideline - Part 3: "System functionality, fire detection and fire fighting systems in rolling stock” …and several national standards (UNI 11565, etc.)

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Standards / Guidelines - Additional

EN 54-2: Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 2: Control and indicating equipment EN 54-3: Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 3: Fire alarm devices - Sounders EN 54-5: Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 5: Heat detectors - Point detectors EN 54-7: Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 7: Smoke detectors - Point detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization EN 54-13: Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 13: Compatibility assessment

  • f system components

EN 54-17: Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 17: Short-circuit isolators EN 54-18: Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 18: Input/output devices

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2. Technical Requirements

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3. Conceptual chances Theoretical Availability

Based on mathematical calculations such as

  • Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)
  • Failure in Time (FIT)

…..

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 basis for the theoretical availability of the system - no guarantee!

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Cabling structure

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3. Conceptual chances

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using FCAP‘s fulfilling highest technical demands - processor redundancy

main CPU loop card

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3. Conceptual chances

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Two detector dependancy

Using the same or different detection criteria (smoke / temperature)

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3. Conceptual chances

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pre-alarm / main alarm

Why?

  • Avoid panic reactions of staff

and passengers  following the predefined alarming and emergency concept

  • Avoid indifference of staff

and passengers in case of a false alarm

  • Only a second or a manually activated alarm

should be perceived as an emergency alarm Solution?

  • Different tones, loudness volumes and duration of

loop-controlled acoustic and/or visual alarm devices can be programmed with intelligent FACP

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3. Conceptual chances

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The right product for each particular application

Simple application - conventional detectors in combination with simple control units

NO EN 54-13 SYSTEM !

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3. Conceptual chances

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The right product for each particular application

Professional solutions

All components loop- powered and monitored ! 2-wire loop provides power and communication ! short circuit isolators integrated in every element

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3. Conceptual chances

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The right product for each particular application

Detection devices

  • Point detector
  • ptical detectors, temperature detector,

multi sensor detectors, flame detector, ionisation detector,..

  • Linear heat detector
  • Smoke aspiration

. . .

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3. Conceptual chances

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  • analogue addressable bus components

with fully digital protocol transmission to FACP

  • detectors with
  • integrated drift compensation
  • programmable sensitivities

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The right product for each particular application

Point detector A digital protocol is much less susceptible to corruption than the analogue protocol and is to be preferred in a system which is life-critical.

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3. Conceptual chances

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The right product for each particular application

Point detector Imaginable reasons for false alarms

  • Condensation
  • Spider infestation
  • Cigarette smoke, hair spray,..

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3. Conceptual chances

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The right product for each particular application

Point detector Solution:

  • ptical/heat multisensor detector
  • perating modes

sectional view

 operating without false alarms!

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3. Conceptual chances

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The right product for each particular application

Linear heat detector Different technologies

  • Not resettable short-circuit cable
  • Resistance surveillanced linear heat detector
  • line-type heat detector system with single detectors

and differential temperature evaluation

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3. Conceptual chances

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The right product for each particular application

Linear heat detector Line-type heat detector system with single detectors and differential temperature evaluation for a maximum of flexibility Advantages:

  • adjustable temperature limit
  • programmable differential temperature evaluation
  • distance between detectors 0,5 – 5 m
  • two detector dependency realisable

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3. Conceptual chances

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The right product for each particular application

Linear heat detector Line-type heat detector system with single detectors and differential temperature evaluation

 ideal option for challenging applications!

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3. Conceptual chances

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Quality of the electrical installation

The best concept and the most sophisticated technology cannot compensate insufficiencies in the electrical installation of fire alarm systems! The installation has also a direct impact to the availability and reliability!

 The importance should not be underestimated and therefore only qualified persons should be involved!

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3. Conceptual chances

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Rules and regulations are necessary for common standards!

  • international regulations
  • national regulations
  • perator
  • specific knowledge of the vehicle
  • perating conditions

risk analysis verification common safety …

4. Technical regulations versus customer oriented functioning solutions

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It is nevertheless possible to have highly customer-oriented, functional solutions, where standards or recommendations are disregarded in certain areas as long as serious proof of the same level of safety is provided!

 A stubborn adherence to all rules and regulations may often be the easiest way, but in some cases may prevent customized solutions from being implemented!  Examples of projects with highly committed operators show that the highest level of availability, reliability, and alarm accuracy can certainly be achieved with optimum concepts in conjunction with state-of-the-art technology, in compliance with, or in deviation from, the existing rules and regulations! 4. Technical regulations versus customer oriented functioning solutions

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Reinhard Rössler

Rail Services International Austria GmbH Domaniggasse 2 1100 Wien / Austria Telephone: +43 (0)1 617 77 71 Fax: +43 (0)1 617 77 71- 28 E-Mail: rroessler@railsi.at Internet: www.railsi.at

Contact

FIRE PROTECTION OF ROLLING STOCK – 02.03.2017