Automatic Sprinkler Systems Dave Tiller, Ontario Fire College Gary Laframboise, Oakville Fire Department May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 1
Sprinkler System Components and Design Concepts May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 2
Sprinkler System Types Four sprinkler system types Wet Dry Deluge Pre action May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 3
Types of Automatic Sprinkler Systems May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 4
Types of Automatic Sprinkler Systems May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 5
Types of Automatic Sprinkler Systems May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 6
Types of Automatic Sprinkler Systems May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 7
Concepts of Sprinkler Design May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 8
Definitions Sprinkler Design Density Water discharged by sprinkler heads (gals), over a prescribed area (ft²), during a specific period of time (min.) Typical densities range from .10 to .60 gpm/ft² Sprinkler Design Area Large area over which the sprinkler design density is to be maintained Examples – 1000 to 5000 sq. ft. May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 9
Example of sprinkler system designed to .25/3000 provide a .25/3000 design Sprinkler riser
Sprinkler Spacing 15 ft 10 ft branchline 15 ft 15 x 15 = 225 sq. ft. 10 x 10 = 100 sq. ft. Closer spacing provides heavier water discharge May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 11
NFPA 13 - Figure 11.2.3.1.1. Any point on curve provides adequate protection 5000 Ordinary 4500 Hazard – Design Area (ft²) Group 1 OH – 2 (OH-1 ) 4000 3500 EH-2 Light Hazard 3000 Extra Hazard – Group 1 (EH-1) 2500 2000 1500 .05 .10 .15 . 20 .25 .30 .35 .40 May 2017 12 Density (gpm/ft²)
Occupancy Classification Light Hazard Occupancies Occupancies or portions of other occupancies where the quantity and/or combustibility of contents is low and fires with relatively low rates of heat release are expected Offers least challenge to sprinkler systems May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 13
Ordinary Hazard (group 1) Occupancies or portions of other occupancies where combustibility is low, quantity of combustibles is moderate, stockpiles of combustibles do not exceed 2.4m (8ft), and fires with moderate rates of heat release are expected May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 14
Ordinary Hazard (group 2) Occupancies or portions of other occupancies where quantity and combustibility of contents is moderate, stockpiles do not exceed 3.6m (12ft), and fires with moderate rate of heat release are expected May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 15
Extra Hazard Occupancies Quantity and combustibility of contents is very high, and flammable and combustible liquids, dust, lint, or other materials are present introducing the probability of rapidly developing fires with high rates of heat release May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 16
Extra Hazard (group 1) Occupancies include those in which hydraulic machinery or systems with flammable or combustible hydraulic fluids under pressure are present. Rupture and leaks in piping or fittings have resulted in fine spray discharge of such liquids, and intense fires result May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 17
Extra Hazard (group 2) Occupancies contain more than small amounts of flammable and combustible liquids, usually in open systems where rapid evaporation can occur when subjected to high temperatures Also applies when ceiling sprinklers are obstructed by occupancy conditions, not structural conditions, and water discharged by sprinklers may not reach burning material May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 18
Inspection, Testing and Maintenance Requirements May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 19
Ontario Fire Code Division B Sentence 6.5.1.(2): Compliance with the inspection, testing and maintenance provisions of NFPA 25, satisfies the requirements of OFC Subsections 6.5.4., to 6.5.6. NFPA 25 – 2011 Edition May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 20
Maintenance Requirements National Fire Code: Water-based fire protection systems shall be inspected, tested and maintained in conformance with NFPA 25 May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 21
Maintenance Requirements May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 22
Records 2 years after being prepared Most recent & immediately preceding record Initial test report for systems installed after November 21, 2007 May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 23
Drains Must be sized and installed to accept the full flow May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 24
Main Drain (2 ” ) Flow Test OFC Annually 6.5.5.5. Any time control valve has been operated 6.5.5.6. May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 25
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Sprinkler Alarms OFC Flow switches not monitored – monthly 6.5.5.2.(1) Monitored – 2 months 6.5.5.7.(2) Inspector ’ s test connection (wet) – annually 6.5.5.3. May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 31
Sprinkler Alarms May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 32
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May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 34
Sprinkler Alarms May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 35
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Sprinkler Heads OFC Check heads annually May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 37
Sprinkler Heads May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 38
Sprinkler Heads May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 39
May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 40
Spare Sprinkler Heads OFC 300 heads – 6 spare heads 301-1000 heads – 12 spare heads Over 1000 heads – 24 spare heads Sprinkler head wrench or wrenches May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 41
Spare Sprinkler Heads Dry pendent sprinkler head May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 42
Dry Pipe Trip Test OFC ¾ turn trip test annually Can ’ t exceed 10% of required trip time Full flow test every 3 years May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 43
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Dry System May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 47
Quick Opening Devices (QOD) Systems not more than 500 gal Systems not more than 750 gal with QOD May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 48
Hazard # Remote Maximum Time Sprinkler Heads Water Delivery Light 1 60 Ordinary Hazard I 2 50 Ordinary Hazard II 2 50 Extra I 4 45 Extra II 4 45 High Piled 4 40 May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 49
May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 50
Freezing Concerns Sprinkler Rooms Daily during cold season Auxiliary Drains Inspected to prevent freezing – no time frame May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 51
Freezing Concerns May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 52
May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 53
Test Flushing OFC 6.5.4.2. Inspected every 15 years and flush entire system if required (dry systems) May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 54
Pumper Connections OFC 6.5.4.4. Annually Flush if required May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 55
Hydraulic Nameplate No OFC requirements May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 56
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Any Questions May 2017 OMFPOA Symposium 61
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