SLIDE 1
Australian Update on Electric Vehicles Standards Development Mark - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Australian Update on Electric Vehicles Standards Development Mark - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Australian Update on Electric Vehicles Standards Development Mark McKenzie Managing Director Rare Consulting The challenge for emerging new technology markets like EVs Standards Bodies Standards are increasingly being utilised as a
SLIDE 2
SLIDE 3
Standards Bodies around the world are in a unique position to assist with the management of early commercialisation risks
- Standards are increasingly being utilised as a vehicle
for guiding the development of emergent ‘green markets such as electric vehicles, renewable energy and smart grids.
- The developing nature of these industries bring
significant risks for government, industry, and the wider community.
- Standards can be used to provide a guiding framework
that can be used to manage key consumer risks and minimise early commercialisation risks for business and industry.
SLIDE 4
Assisting these industries, however, requires adoption of an additional scoping step
Need for new Standard Identified Is the traditional approach suitable? Assemble working group Publish Standard Prepare Working Draft Committee Review Public comment Refine draft & balloting Yes
Initiate discussion Strategic leadership Facilitate outcomes
- 1. Identify all stakeholders
- 2. Issue & stakeholder analysis
- 3. Scoping study (strategic framework)
- 5. Develop work plan
- 4. Validate strategic framework
No
SLIDE 5
The EV Standards development journey in Australia
(May ‘09 to Nov ’09) (May ‘10 to Nov ’10) (Sep ‘11 onwards) Scoping Study (Stage 1): Assess need for standards and define scope of work Detailed work plan (Stage 2): Determine priorities, work tasks, timetable, and costs. Development of Standards (Stage 3): Development, consultation and publishing of individual standards according to agreed priorities. Market introduction from mid 2011
SLIDE 6
The first step involved identification of the key stakeholders in the emerging market
SLIDE 7
The 2009 Scoping Study provided the strategic framework Standards Development for the EV Market in Australia
Vehicle Design
(OEM and aftermarket)
Vehicle Design
(OEM and aftermarket) Occupant safety (crash) Occupant safety (electrical) Recharging interface (flexibility) Aftermarket installations
Power systems
(battery & management systems)
Power systems
(battery & management systems) Battery safety Battery durability Battery recycling System efficiency
Recharging
(trickle, medium charge and fast charge)
Recharging
(trickle, medium charge and fast charge) Home based On-street Commercial Upstream interface
Rescue, repair and recovery Rescue, repair and recovery
Maintenance and repair Rescue and recovery GHG performance User information
Miscellaneous
Vehicle labelling
SLIDE 8
A priority setting process was then used to identify the key priorities for Standards Development
Support the sustainable market adoption of EVs in Australia in order to: a) Facilitate early realisation of key public-good benefits b) Minimise commercial and investment risk for industry This objective will be achieved via minimisation of: a) Market development risk b) Public acceptance risk Minimisation of risk will be achieved by stipulating minimum requirements (i.e. Standards) in relation to: a). Product safety b), Public Safety c). Consumer protection
Objective Scope Focus
SLIDE 9
The priority setting formula Priority =
Consequence
- f risk
Likelihood of risk X
Use of ‘Risk score’ derived by assessment of potential contribution to elemental risks Assessment of timing relative to agreed scenario with respect to the rate of market take- up of EVs in Australia
SLIDE 10
Scenario technique
Key market descriptor S c e n a r i o A S c e n a r i o B Background‐level market development (2020) Accelerated market development (2020) 1 Annual sales of EVs in Australia by 2020 EVs comprise up to 1% of annual new vehicle sales. EVs comprise approximately 5% of annual new vehicle sales. 2 Market penetration of aftermarket EVs Aftermarket conversions comprise an average of 35% of all EVs sold into the Australian market by 2020. Aftermarket conversions comprise an average of less than 10% of all EVs sold into the market by 2020. 3 Typical profile of EV customers EV purchasers would largely be corporations and government agencies, with a small number sold to high‐wealth households and EV enthusiasts. Initial purchasers of EVs would exhibit similar characteristics to those of Scenario A, but ownership would rapidly extend to a broad cross‐section of the community by 2020 with 50% sales to fleets and 50% to private individuals. 4 Geographic distribution of EVs EV distribution is almost totally confined to the inner urban areas of Australia’s major cities. EV distribution is predominantly in metropolitan areas, with moderate vehicle ownership in outer metro and regional areas. 5 Capital cost premium EVs come at considerably high capital cost with considerable and ongoing uncertainty surrounding
- ngoing savings and residual sale value.
The purchase price of an EV remains at a cost premium to conventional vehicles in 2020, but the magnitude of the premium has narrowed and early EV operation confirms significant savings in annual operating costs. 6 Public policy settings Government initiatives are pursued on a ‘technology neutral’ basis and no significant incentives are provided for early market adoption
- f EVs.
Government initiatives are introduced to encourage increased market take‐up of EVs, together with introduction of greenhouse reduction legislation. 7 EV charging infrastructure National vehicle recharging infrastructure comprises: Level 1 (90%), Level 2 (10%), Level 3 (0%). Vehicle recharging infrastructure comprises: Level 1 (50%), Level 2 (40%), Level 3 (10%). 8 Competitive position Developments in battery technologies result in the market being flooded with high fuel efficiency HEVs that are substantially cheaper than EVs. Capital costs and battery technologies have improved to such a point that EVs (and PHEVs) are a more competitive proposition than HEVs as an alternative to conventional vehicles.
SLIDE 11
A gap analysis technique was used to determine most appropriate approach to AS development
Focus area (sub-element) Inter-dependency Suggested approach
Occupant safety (crash) Accommodated by various international vehicle standards and Australian Design Rules for new vehicles Adopt international standards Occupant safety (electrical) International standards such as ISO 6469 and ISO 11451 (parts 1,2,3), ISO 11452 (parts 1-7) Adopt international standards Recharging interface (flexibility) IEC 62196 Adopt international standards Aftermarket installations No international standards Create new AS standards
SLIDE 12
Gap analysis (continued)
Focus area (sub-element) Inter-dependency Suggested approach
Battery safety ISO 16750 (Parts 1-5), ISO 23273 (Parts 1-3) Adopt international standards Battery durability ISO 61982 (Parts 1-3), ISO 12405 (Parts 1-2) Adopt international standards Battery recycling No international standards Create new AS standards Power system efficiency ISO 8714, ISO/TR 11954, ISO 23828 Adopt international standards
SLIDE 13
Gap analysis (continued)
Focus area (sub-element) Inter-dependency Suggested approach
Vehicle recharging (home-based) No international standards Create new AS standards Vehicle recharging (on- street) IEC 61851 (Parts 1, 21, 22) IEC 61980 (Parts 1- 2) Adopt international standards Vehicle recharging (commercial) DD CLC/TS 50457 (Parts 1-2) Adopt international standards Vehicle recharging (upstream interface) No international standards Create new AS standards
SLIDE 14
Project dependencies (continued)
Focus area (sub-element) Inter-dependency Suggested approach
Maintenance and repair ISO 8713, ISO 8715 Adopt international standards Rescue & recovery No international standards Create new AS standards Vehicle labelling No international standards Create new AS standards User Information ISO/TR 11955 Adopt international standards Greenhouse Gas performance ISO 23274 Adopt international standards
SLIDE 15
Final priorities for AS
1st priority Market Protection This first group of issues was considered to be the highest priority and is primarily associated with protecting human safety and ensuring consistency in providing recharging infrastructure to the marketplace. This group of issues was perceived by stakeholders to be an issue of consumer protection, and any resulting ‘bad press’ from injury from EVs or inconsistency in access to recharging infrastructure could hinder market development. 1. Occupant safety (electrical) 2. Recharging infrastructure 3. Aftermarket installations 4. Vehicle labelling 5. Rescue and recovery 6. Battery safety and handling 7. EV industry vocabulary
SLIDE 16
Status report as at 27 October 2011
- The Victorian Government has funded Standards
for the commencement of work on the development of AS for high priority focus areas
- The kick-off meeting for the AS Technical
Committee (EVO-001) was held in Sydney on Thursday, 13 October 2011
- During the meeting, the framework for sub-
committees was resolved and work commenced
- n the assembly of a Standard for EV Vocabulary
in Australia
SLIDE 17