AtMoS 2 pheric SuperGen Meeting - Imperial 2016 Early Career Research Fellowship Dr Marcus Jahn (on behalf of Dr M. J. Loveridge) Warwick University
AtMoS 2 pheric
AtMoS 2 pheric –The Challenge Background In LIBs with conventional electrode structures, after 100s of charge- discharge cycles, physical degradation is a dominant failure mode Courtesy of website of Energy and Power Group at University of Oxford, http://epg.eng.ox.ac.uk/content/degradation-lithium-ion-batteries (accessed Feb. 12, 2015).
Why MoS 2 ? …..extending to……. Divergence of uses for this material …….
Why MoS 2 ? The Energy Storage Quadrilemma Stable trigonal S = 10 th most prismatic phase abundant element Environmentally benign energy storage 670mAh/g capacity Li or Na-ion possibilities
Co-Materials Graphene to enhance conductive network and capacity Graphene n-Cellulose Cellulose to augment tensile properties and improve structural integrity of hierarchical interactions
Graphene Morphology DFT Pore size distribution BET S.A. = 123m 2 /g Cu foil 15µm FL-graphene/PAA
Graphene E-Chem FLG stacked in layers of variable numbers → >500mAh/g vs. Li for >40 cycles but poor CE capacity developing over a range of potentials and large FCL% → Sloping V profile in Cycle 1
MoS 2 Hydrothermal Synthesis UCL CHFS material Scalable Process CHFS rapidly mixes supercritical water & cold aqueous solutions of metal salts. ↓ Supersaturated solution, particles rapidly crystallize and react with a narrow PSD. ↓ Chemical reagents may be added to the metal salt to control the size, shape, aspect ratio and functional properties of nanoparticles produced.
Awarded DLS Beamtime for Feb 2017 EE14764 "Investigating Graphene-enhanced MoS 2 Nano-Ribbon 6 shifts I15 Anodes for High Capacity Li and Na-ion Batteries using Combined Synchrotron Operando X-Ray Diffraction and XAS." There is still considerable debate surrounding the structural intermediates formed during lithiation. I15 with accelerating V up to 60kV needed to penetrate electrode and cell
Project Plan WP ACTIVITY LEA Comm START DURATION PERIODS (Weeks) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 1 Literature Review 1 10 2 Non-Optimised Benchmark with MoS2 8 10 2.1 Materials Procurement 8 4 2.2 Small Scale Ink Mixing 12 2 2.3 Determine Coating Parameters 12 2 2.4 Coin Cell Testing 14 5 3 Novel MoS 2 Nanoribbons 18 8 3.1 Synthesis by UCL 18 6 3.2 Incorporation into non-optimised mix 19 4 3.3 Mechanical Testing of electrode films 19 2 3.4 Ink optmisation 22 3 3.4.1 Binary binder systems 22 3 3.4.2 Cross-linking post processing procedures 22 3 3.5 Coin Cell Testing 23 5 4 Electrolyte Additives 25 4 4.1 Screening of Additives 25 3 4.2 Coin Cell Testing 26 4 5 Electrode Additives 30 8 5.1 Ink formulation 30 4 5.2 Coin Cell Testing 34 4 6 Scale Up formulation and Process Optimisation 39 12 6.1 Identification of best ink 39 1 6.2 Mixing/Coating parameter optimisation 39 4 6.3 Large batch coating and pouch assembly 45 4 6.4 Pouch cell testing 47 8 6.5 Post-Mortem analysis 49 5 6.6 Diamond Light Source and data analysis 45 2 7 Dissemination 50 4 7.1 Final Project Report 50 4 7.2 Preparation of publications 50 4
Target Performance MoS 2 in Na-Ion MoS 2 in Li-Ion 1245 | ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2013, 5, 1240−1247 429 | Electrochimica Acta 2013, 92, 427– 432
First Development Trials vs. Li MoS 2 (SigmaAldrich, <2µm) 84.5 wt.% • CMC (Targray, C30000A) 10.9 wt.% • C65 (Imerys) 4.6 wt.% • Solid content 10% • Li counter electrode • →600 mAh/g specific capacity targeted • First coin cells on test •
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