Assisted Deletion of Related Content Srdjan Hubert Ritzdorf - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Assisted Deletion of Related Content Srdjan Hubert Ritzdorf - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Assisted Deletion of Related Content Srdjan Hubert Ritzdorf Nikolaos Karapanos Capkun Institute of Information Security Department of Computer Science ETH Zurich, Switzerland hubert.ritzdorf@inf.ethz.ch Assisted Deletion of Related


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Assisted Deletion of Related Content

Hubert Ritzdorf Nikolaos Karapanos Srdjan ˇ Capkun

Institute of Information Security Department of Computer Science ETH Zurich, Switzerland hubert.ritzdorf@inf.ethz.ch

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 1

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SLIDE 2

Introduction

A: Original T ext

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SLIDE 3

Introduction

A: Original T ext B: Modified T ext

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SLIDE 4

Introduction

C: Original Image A: Original T ext B: Modified T ext

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Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 2

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SLIDE 5

Introduction

D: Gray Image C: Original Image A: Original T ext B: Modified T ext

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Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 2

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SLIDE 6

Introduction

E: PDF D: Gray Image C: Original Image A: Original T ext B: Modified T ext

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pre he nde rit in voluptate ve lit e sse cillum dolore e u fugiat nulla pariatur. Exce pte ur sint occae cat cup- idatat non proide nt, sunt in culpa qui of cia de se runt mollit anim id e st laborum.
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Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 2

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SLIDE 7

Introduction

E: PDF D: Gray Image C: Original Image A: Original T ext B: Modified T ext

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pre he nde rit in voluptate ve lit e sse cillum dolore e u fugiat nulla pariatur. Exce pte ur sint occae cat cup- idatat non proide nt, sunt in culpa qui of cia de se runt mollit anim id e st laborum.
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User wants to securely (irrecoverably) delete PDF content

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 2

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SLIDE 8

Introduction

E: PDF D: Gray Image C: Original Image A: Original T ext B: Modified T ext

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pre he nde rit in voluptate ve lit e sse cillum dolore e u fugiat nulla pariatur. Exce pte ur sint occae cat cup- idatat non proide nt, sunt in culpa qui of cia de se runt mollit anim id e st laborum.
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User wants to securely (irrecoverably) delete PDF content ⇒ Needs to find all source files and their versions ⇒ Potential information leakage against coercive attacker

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 2

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SLIDE 9

Introduction

E: PDF D: Gray Image C: Original Image A: Original T ext B: Modified T ext

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pre he nde rit in voluptate ve lit e sse cillum dolore e u fugiat nulla pariatur. Exce pte ur sint occae cat cup- idatat non proide nt, sunt in culpa qui of cia de se runt mollit anim id e st laborum.
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User wants to securely (irrecoverably) delete PDF content ⇒ Needs to find all source files and their versions ⇒ Potential information leakage against coercive attacker ⇒ Secure deletion for project-related content

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 2

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SLIDE 10

Problem & Related Work

User wants to securely delete project information

User has to specify blocks, files or complete devices [Boneh96,Cachin13,Crescenzo99,Gutmann96,Reardon13] Requires tedious search

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 3

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SLIDE 11

Problem & Related Work

User wants to securely delete project information

User has to specify blocks, files or complete devices [Boneh96,Cachin13,Crescenzo99,Gutmann96,Reardon13] Requires tedious search

User wants to find related content

Information flow [Enck10,King05] File Provenance [Karlson11,Shah07] Causality between files [Muniswamy-Reddy09] Application or OS specific, require modification

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 3

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SLIDE 12

Goal

How can we help the user?

  • 1. Track file relations generally and transparently

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 4

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SLIDE 13

Goal

How can we help the user?

  • 1. Track file relations generally and transparently
  • 2. Upon deletion, display related files

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 4

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SLIDE 14

Goal

How can we help the user?

  • 1. Track file relations generally and transparently
  • 2. Upon deletion, display related files

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 4

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SLIDE 15

For the user upon deletion

paper.pdf

☑ Delete

PDF-Te s t PDF-Te ste r Lore mipsumdolor sit ame t, conse cte tur adipisicing e lit, se d do e iusmod te mpor incididunt ut labore e t dolore magna aliqua. Ut e nim ad minim ve niam, quis nostrud e xe rcitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip e x e a com- modo conse
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pre he nde rit in voluptate ve lit e sse cillum dolore e u fugiat nulla pariatur. Exce pte ur sint occae cat cup- idatat non proide nt, sunt in culpa qui of cia de se runt mollit anim id e st laborum.
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SLIDE 16

For the user upon deletion

paper.pdf

☑ Delete

paper.tex

☐ Delete

image.jpg

☐ Delete T ext Overlap Image Overlap

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pre he nde rit in voluptate ve lit e sse cillum dolore e u fugiat nulla pariatur. Exce pte ur sint occae cat cup- idatat non proide nt, sunt in culpa qui of cia de se runt mollit anim id e st laborum.
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Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 5

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SLIDE 17

For the user upon deletion

paper.pdf

☑ Delete

paper.tex

☐ Delete

  • rig.jpg

☐ Delete

first.tex

☐ Delete

image.jpg

☐ Delete T ext Overlap Similar T ext Image Overlap Similar Image

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pre he nde rit in voluptate ve lit e sse cillum dolore e u fugiat nulla pariatur. Exce pte ur sint occae cat cup- idatat non proide nt, sunt in culpa qui of cia de se runt mollit anim id e st laborum.
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Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 5

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SLIDE 18

For the user upon deletion

paper.pdf

☑ Delete

paper.tex

☐ Delete

  • rig.jpg

☐ Delete

first.tex

☐ Delete

image.jpg

☐ Delete

paper.log

☐ Delete T ext Overlap Similar T ext Image Overlap Similar Image Accessed T

  • gether

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing.. Loram ipsam dolor sit amit, consectetur adipisicing.. This is pdfT eX, Version ... Document Class: ...

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pre he nde rit in voluptate ve lit e sse cillum dolore e u fugiat nulla pariatur. Exce pte ur sint occae cat cup- idatat non proide nt, sunt in culpa qui of cia de se runt mollit anim id e st laborum.
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SLIDE 19

How can we help the user?

  • 1. Track file relations generally and transparently
  • 2. Upon deletion, display related files

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 6

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SLIDE 20

How can we help the user?

  • 1. Track file relations generally and transparently
  • 2. Upon deletion, display related files
  • 3. User can leverage existing secure deletion solutions

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 6

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SLIDE 21

How can we help the user?

  • 1. Track file relations generally and transparently
  • 2. Upon deletion, display related files
  • 3. User can leverage existing secure deletion solutions

Attacker Model

Non-malicious environment during operation Protect user’s home directory Coercive attacker with complete data access

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 6

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SLIDE 22

How can we help the user?

  • 1. Track file relations generally and transparently
  • 2. Upon deletion, display related files
  • 3. User can leverage existing secure deletion solutions

Attacker Model

Non-malicious environment during operation Protect user’s home directory Coercive attacker with complete data access

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 6

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SLIDE 23

How is related content accessed?

Preliminary user study: 4 users, different tasks

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... ,r(

)

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,r(

)

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pre he nde rit in voluptate ve lit e sse cillum dolore e u fugiat nulla pariatur. Exce pte ur sint occae cat cup- idatat non proide nt, sunt in culpa qui of cia de se runt mollit anim id e st laborum.
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,w(

), ...

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 7

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SLIDE 24

How is related content accessed?

Preliminary user study: 4 users, different tasks

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing..

... ,r(

)

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,r(

)

PDF-Te s t PDF-Te ste r Lore mipsumdolor sit ame t, conse cte tur adipisicing e lit, se d do e iusmod te mpor incididunt ut labore e t dolore magna aliqua. Ut e nim ad minim ve niam, quis nostrud e xe rcitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip e x e a com- modo conse
  • quat. Duis aute irure dolor in re
pre he nde rit in voluptate ve lit e sse cillum dolore e u fugiat nulla pariatur. Exce pte ur sint occae cat cup- idatat non proide nt, sunt in culpa qui of cia de se runt mollit anim id e st laborum.
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,w(

), ...

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing..

... ,r(

)

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,r(

)

PDF-Te s t PDF-Te ste r Lore mipsumdolor sit ame t, conse cte tur adipisicing e lit, se d do e iusmod te mpor incididunt ut labore e t dolore magna aliqua. Ut e nim ad minim ve niam, quis nostrud e xe rcitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip e x e a com- modo conse
  • quat. Duis aute irure dolor in re
pre he nde rit in voluptate ve lit e sse cillum dolore e u fugiat nulla pariatur. Exce pte ur sint occae cat cup- idatat non proide nt, sunt in culpa qui of cia de se runt mollit anim id e st laborum.
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,w(

), ...

,r(

)

Icon by Freepik from www.flaticon.com, CC BY 3.0 Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 7

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SLIDE 25

General Architecture

IRCUS (Identification of Related Content from User Space)

Operating System Storage IRCUS App 2 App 1 App 0 App 3

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 8

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SLIDE 26

General Architecture

IRCUS (Identification of Related Content from User Space)

Operating System Storage IRCUS App 2 App 1 App 0 App 3 Request: Read/Write Arguments

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 8

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SLIDE 27

General Architecture

IRCUS (Identification of Related Content from User Space)

Operating System Storage IRCUS App 2 App 1 App 0 App 3 Request Copy

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 8

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SLIDE 28

General Architecture

IRCUS (Identification of Related Content from User Space)

Operating System Storage IRCUS App 2 App 1 App 0 App 3

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 8

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SLIDE 29

General Architecture

IRCUS (Identification of Related Content from User Space)

Operating System Storage IRCUS App 2 App 1 App 0 App 3 Result: Errorcode (Buffer)

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 8

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SLIDE 30

General Architecture

IRCUS (Identification of Related Content from User Space)

Operating System Storage IRCUS App 2 App 1 App 0 App 3 Result Copy

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 8

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SLIDE 31

General Architecture

IRCUS (Identification of Related Content from User Space)

Operating System Storage IRCUS App 2 App 1 App 0 App 3 User Space Kernel Space

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 8

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SLIDE 32

Identification of related content

Common content

PDF-Te s t PDF-Te ste r Lore mipsumdolor sit ame t, conse cte tur adipisicing e lit, se d do e iusmod te mpor incididunt ut labore e t dolore magna aliqua. Ut e nim ad minim ve niam, quis nostrud e xe rcitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip e x e a com- modo conse
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pre he nde rit in voluptate ve lit e sse cillum dolore e u fugiat nulla pariatur. Exce pte ur sint occae cat cup- idatat non proide nt, sunt in culpa qui of cia de se runt mollit anim id e st laborum.
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SLIDE 33

Identification of related content

Common content

PDF-Te s t PDF-Te ste r Lore mipsumdolor sit ame t, conse cte tur adipisicing e lit, se d do e iusmod te mpor incididunt ut labore e t dolore magna aliqua. Ut e nim ad minim ve niam, quis nostrud e xe rcitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip e x e a com- modo conse
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pre he nde rit in voluptate ve lit e sse cillum dolore e u fugiat nulla pariatur. Exce pte ur sint occae cat cup- idatat non proide nt, sunt in culpa qui of cia de se runt mollit anim id e st laborum.
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4 content types: PDF, Text, JPG, Binary

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 9

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SLIDE 34

Identification of related content

Common content

PDF-Te s t PDF-Te ste r Lore mipsumdolor sit ame t, conse cte tur adipisicing e lit, se d do e iusmod te mpor incididunt ut labore e t dolore magna aliqua. Ut e nim ad minim ve niam, quis nostrud e xe rcitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip e x e a com- modo conse
  • quat. Duis aute irure dolor in re
pre he nde rit in voluptate ve lit e sse cillum dolore e u fugiat nulla pariatur. Exce pte ur sint occae cat cup- idatat non proide nt, sunt in culpa qui of cia de se runt mollit anim id e st laborum.
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4 content types: PDF, Text, JPG, Binary

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 9

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SLIDE 35

Content Comparison

Binary:

Find identical blocks [Tridgell99] + filtering

JPG:

Histogram comparison

Text:

Text resemblance [Broder97]

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PDF:

Unpack PDF , compare images and text

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SLIDE 36

Identification of related content

Common content

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SLIDE 37

Identification of related content

Common content

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File co-location

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PDF Image

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SLIDE 38

Identification of related content

Common content

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File co-location

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PDF Image

Similar access patterns

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This is pdfT eX, Version ... Document

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slide-39
SLIDE 39

Prototype

Based on FUSE (Filesystem in Userspace):

Operating System Storage FUSE App User Space Kernel Space IRCUS

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SLIDE 40

Prototype

Based on FUSE (Filesystem in Userspace):

Operating System Storage FUSE App IRCUS

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slide-41
SLIDE 41

Prototype

Based on FUSE (Filesystem in Userspace):

Request & Result Collection Operating System Storage FUSE App

Assisted Deletion of Related Content December 11, 2014 12

slide-42
SLIDE 42

Prototype

Based on FUSE (Filesystem in Userspace):

Request & Result Collection Operating System Storage FUSE App

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slide-43
SLIDE 43

Prototype

Based on FUSE (Filesystem in Userspace):

Request & Result Collection Operating System Storage FUSE App

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slide-44
SLIDE 44

Prototype

Based on FUSE (Filesystem in Userspace):

Cache & Comparison Request & Result Collection Operating System Storage FUSE App

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slide-45
SLIDE 45

Prototype

Based on FUSE (Filesystem in Userspace):

Cache & Comparison Save Relations Request & Result Collection Operating System Storage FUSE App

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SLIDE 46

Prototype

Based on FUSE (Filesystem in Userspace):

Cache & Comparison Save Relations Request & Result Collection Operating System Storage FUSE App

Extended Attributes

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SLIDE 47

Prototype

Based on FUSE (Filesystem in Userspace):

Cache & Comparison Save Relations Request & Result Collection Operating System Storage FUSE App User Space Kernel Space

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slide-48
SLIDE 48

Storage Throughput Test

10 20 30 40 50 Native FUSE IRCUS

Throughput (MB/s)

Write Files Read Files

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SLIDE 49

Prototype Detection Tests

Results environment-dependent (e.g. user behaviour)

paper.pdf

☑ Delete

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SLIDE 50

Prototype Detection Tests

Results environment-dependent (e.g. user behaviour)

paper.pdf

☑ Delete

image.jpg

☐ Delete

Content Access PID

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SLIDE 51

Prototype Detection Tests

Results environment-dependent (e.g. user behaviour)

paper.pdf

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paper.tex

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image.jpg

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Access

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SLIDE 52

Prototype Detection Tests

Results environment-dependent (e.g. user behaviour)

paper.pdf

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paper.tex

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image.jpg

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paper.bbl

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Content Access PID

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SLIDE 53

Prototype Detection Tests

Results environment-dependent (e.g. user behaviour)

paper.pdf

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paper.tex

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paper.bbl

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Access PID

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SLIDE 54

Prototype Detection Tests

Results environment-dependent (e.g. user behaviour)

paper.pdf

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paper.tex

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paper.log

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paper.bbl

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svn.journal

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Access

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SLIDE 55

Prototype Detection Tests

Results environment-dependent (e.g. user behaviour)

paper.pdf

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paper.tex

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paper.bbl

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svn.journal

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Access

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SLIDE 56

Prototype Detection Tests

Results environment-dependent (e.g. user behaviour)

paper.pdf

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paper.tex

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SLIDE 57

Prototype Detection Tests

Results environment-dependent (e.g. user behaviour)

paper.pdf

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paper.tex

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SLIDE 58

Conclusions and Future Work

Existing solutions insufficient to prevent data leakage General and usable approach possible Different file types can be linked based on different relations

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SLIDE 59

Conclusions and Future Work

Existing solutions insufficient to prevent data leakage General and usable approach possible Different file types can be linked based on different relations Much more user data needed Adaptation to special user behaviour Usability feedback required

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SLIDE 60

Conclusions and Future Work

Existing solutions insufficient to prevent data leakage General and usable approach possible Different file types can be linked based on different relations Much more user data needed Adaptation to special user behaviour Usability feedback required

Thank you for your attention.

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SLIDE 61

Bibliography I

  • D. Boneh and R. J. Lipton.

A Revocable Backup System. In USENIX Security Symposium, 1996.

  • A. Broder.

On the Resemblance and Containment of Documents. In Proceedings of the Compression and Complexity of Sequences 1997, SEQUENCES ’97. IEEE Computer Society, 1997.

  • C. Cachin, K. Haralambiev, H.-C. Hsiao, and A. Sorniotti.

Policy-based Secure Deletion. CCS ’13. ACM, 2013.

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SLIDE 62

Bibliography II

  • G. D. Crescenzo, N. Ferguson, R. Impagliazzo, and
  • M. Jakobsson.

How to Forget a Secret. In STACS, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, 1999.

  • W. Enck, P

. Gilbert, B.-G. Chun, L. P . Cox, J. Jung, P . McDaniel, and A. N. Sheth. TaintDroid: An Information-flow Tracking System for Realtime Privacy Monitoring on Smartphones. OSDI’10. USENIX Association, 2010.

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SLIDE 63

Bibliography III

P . Gutmann. Secure Deletion of Data from Magnetic and Solid-State Memory. In USENIX Security Symposium, 1996.

  • A. K. Karlson, G. Smith, and B. Lee.

Which Version is This?: Improving the Desktop Experience Within a Copy-aware Computing Ecosystem. CHI ’11. ACM, 2011.

  • S. T. King and P

. M. Chen. Backtracking Intrusions. ACM Trans. Comput. Syst., 23(1), Feb. 2005.

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SLIDE 64

Bibliography IV

K.-K. Muniswamy-Reddy and D. A. Holland. Causality-based Versioning.

  • Trans. Storage, 5(4), Dec. 2009.
  • J. Reardon, H. Ritzdorf, D. Basin, and S. Capkun.

Secure Data Deletion from Persistent Media. CCS ’13. ACM, 2013.

  • S. Shah, C. A. N. Soules, G. R. Ganger, and B. D. Noble.

Using Provenance to Aid in Personal File Search. ATC’07. USENIX Association, 2007.

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SLIDE 65

Bibliography V

  • A. Tridgell.

Efficient Algorithms for Sorting and Synchronization. PhD thesis, The Australian National University, February 1999.

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