Assessment of water resources for improved water governance under - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Assessment of water resources for improved water governance under - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Assessment of water resources for improved water governance under climate change: Case in Stung Chreybak catchment of Tonle Sap Great Lake Basin in Cambodia an on going research Sarann LY & Chantha OEURNG

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SLIDE 1

Assessment of water resources for improved water governance under climate change:

Case in Stung Chreybak catchment

  • f Tonle Sap Great Lake Basin in Cambodia

an on‐going research

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE | GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

វិទយ ថ នបេចចកវិទយកមពុជ

INSTITUT DE TECHNOLOGIE DU CAMBODGE

Sarann LY & Chantha OEURNG

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SLIDE 2

Introduction & Objective

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  • Cambodia is one of the most disaster‐

prone countries in South East Asia, with its vulnerability to annual floods and droughts

  • Without having an efficient water

resources management system, it would be difficult to talk about food security, environment and safe future of man kind

  • Understanding water availability of

catchment is important for improving water resources allocation to adapt with climate change

  • Strengthening the resilience of

communities to help them to cope with existing challenges to their livelihoods is a must The main objective is to assess water resources and water use in Chreybak catchment: present and future

WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 3

Study Area

3

The main geology dominated by ancient alluvial at the upstream and recent alluvial at the downstream with elevation ranges from 5 to 1568 meters The hydrology of the catchment is governed by two contrasted patterns with water discharge starting to increase in early July and peaking in September/October. Low flows occurred from November to May.

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 4

Data Collection and Processing

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The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia

700 km2

WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 5

Data Collection and Processing

5

Chrey Bak River Hydrological station HS2 (Chiprorng)

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 6

Data Collection and Processing

6

Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP)

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 7

Data Collection and Processing

7

Current Meters

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 8

Data Collection and Processing

8

Rating Curve Analysis

Discharge (ADCP)

Flow Velocity Height Cross Section

Water Level (Logger)

Rating Curve

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 9

Data Collection and Processing

9

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 Q2 (m3/s) H2 (m)

Qrat = 0.933 Qobs R² = 0.970 20 40 60 80 100 20 40 60 80 100 Qrat (m3/s) Qobs (m3/s)

Q2 = 1.847 (H2 ‐ 1.234)3.521 RMSE = 3.595 MEPE = 0.178 NASE = 0.966 CODE = 0.971 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Q1 (m3/s) H1 (m)

Qrat = 1.024 Qobs R² = 0.933 40 80 120 160 200 40 80 120 160 200 Qrat (m3/s) Qobs (m3/s)

Q1 = 34.313 (H1 ‐ 1.968)1.487 RMSE = 13.961 MEPE = 0.473 NASE = 0.928 CODE = 0.935

Rating curve for HS2 (upstream station) Rating curve for HS1 (downstream station)

WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 10

Data Collection and Processing

10

Weather Station

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 11

Data Collection and Processing

11

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia

Meteo Station MS1

WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 12

Data Collection and Processing

12

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia

Meteo Station MS2

WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 13

Data Collection and Processing

13

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia

Meteo Station MS3

WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 14

Data Collection and Processing

14

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia

Meteo Station MS4

WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 15

Data Collection and Processing

15

Soil Sampling

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia

Cylinder Auger, soil sampling Double Rings

WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 16

Climate Scenarios

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The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

  • Six scenarios groups ‐the three scenario families A2, B1, and B2, plus three groups

within the A1 scenario family, A1B, A1FI, and A1T

  • no single most likely, “central”, or “best‐guess” scenario
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SLIDE 17

Climate Scenarios

17

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 1/1/2010 1/1/2011 1/1/2012 1/1/2013 1/1/2014 1/1/2015 1/1/2016 1/1/2017 1/1/2018 1/1/2019 1/1/2020 1/1/2021 1/1/2022 1/1/2023 1/1/2024 1/1/2025 1/1/2026 1/1/2027 1/1/2028 1/1/2029 1/1/2030 1/1/2031 1/1/2032 1/1/2033 1/1/2034 1/1/2035 1/1/2036 1/1/2037 1/1/2038 1/1/2039 1/1/2040 1/1/2041 1/1/2042 1/1/2043 1/1/2044 1/1/2045 1/1/2046 1/1/2047 1/1/2048 1/1/2049 1/1/2050

Temperature (0C) Precipitation (mm)

A2 scenarios‐Station 1

P Tmax Tmin

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SLIDE 18

Climate Scenarios

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The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 1/1/2010 1/1/2011 1/1/2012 1/1/2013 1/1/2014 1/1/2015 1/1/2016 1/1/2017 1/1/2018 1/1/2019 1/1/2020 1/1/2021 1/1/2022 1/1/2023 1/1/2024 1/1/2025 1/1/2026 1/1/2027 1/1/2028 1/1/2029 1/1/2030 1/1/2031 1/1/2032 1/1/2033 1/1/2034 1/1/2035 1/1/2036 1/1/2037 1/1/2038 1/1/2039 1/1/2040 1/1/2041 1/1/2042 1/1/2043 1/1/2044 1/1/2045 1/1/2046 1/1/2047 1/1/2048 1/1/2049 1/1/2050

Temperature (0C) Precipitation (mm)

B2 scenarios‐Station 1

P Tmax Tmin

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SLIDE 19

Modelling approach using the SWAT Model

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  • SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) by USDA
  • SWAT is a physically based model developed to predict the impact of land

management practices on water, sediment and agricultural chemical yields, water supply, and climate change on water resources from small to large complex watersheds with varying soils, land use and management conditions.

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 20

SWAT Model Data Input and Output

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HRU: Hydrologic Response Unit Landuse Slope Soil

Outlet point

Sub-Catchment

River

Flow, Sediment, Nutrients , Pesticides, contamination bacteria Digital Elevation Model Soil and Landuse data Meteorological data

(Anual timesteps >> daily)

Input Output

  • Digital elevation map (DEM)

from the Mekong River Commission (MRC)

  • Soil map data from the Mekong

River Commission (MRC) & soil properties from Oeurng et al. (2012) for the SWAT soil database.

  • Landuse data obtained from

Japanese International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and reclassified for SWAT input.

  • Meteorological data included 4

rainfall stations which have a complete measurement of daily minimum and maximum air temperature, wind speed, solar radiation and relative humidity (June 2010 to November 2013)

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 21

Basin and sub‐basins

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The catchment was discretised into 40 sub‐basins with multiple landuse and soil classification.

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 22

Results

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Observed and simulated daily discharge at Chreybak catchment outlet (baseline)

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 23

Projected water discharge by SWAT

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The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1/1/10 1/1/11 1/1/12 1/1/13 1/1/14 1/1/15 1/1/16 1/1/17 1/1/18 1/1/19 1/1/20 1/1/21 1/1/22 1/1/23 1/1/24 1/1/25 1/1/26 1/1/27 1/1/28 1/1/29 1/1/30 1/1/31 1/1/32 1/1/33 1/1/34 1/1/35 1/1/36 1/1/37 1/1/38 1/1/39 1/1/40 1/1/41 1/1/42 1/1/43 1/1/44 1/1/45 1/1/46 1/1/47 1/1/48 1/1/49 1/1/50 Water discharge (m3/s) B2 A2

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SLIDE 24

Crop water requirement modelling

24 

Input data

  • Climate/ETo data
  • Rain data
  • Crop data
  • Soil data

Output data

  • Crop water requirement & Irrigation

requirement

  • Irrigation Schedule

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 25

Crop water requirement modelling CropWater Requirement modelled by CROPWAT (baseline)

25

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 26

Next Steps…

26

  • Assessing future water catchment availability for climate change scenarios
  • Identification of scheme water use demand for future through existing irrigation

scheme

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 27

Implications

27

  • Improve water use efficiency for irrigation to adapt with

climate change

  • Develop water use regulations and water governance
  • Sustain river flow for ecological functions during dry

season

  • Manage floods and droughts for livelihood improvement

The

ENGINEERING

For Future of Cambodia WATER RESOURCES | MODELLING|CLIMATE CHANGE| GIS‐REMOTE SENSING | WATER & SANITATION

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL ENGINEERING

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SLIDE 28