APPLICATION OF PLASMA TECHNOLOGY FOR APPLICATION OF PLASMA TECHNOLOGY - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

APPLICATION OF PLASMA TECHNOLOGY FOR APPLICATION OF PLASMA TECHNOLOGY FOR HAZARDOUS WASTE DESTRUCTION WITH WASTE TO ENERGY

BY

WITH WASTE TO ENERGY

BY MAHARASHTRA ENVIRO POWER LIMITED MAHARASHTRA ENVIRO POWER LIMITED

P‐56, MIDC Ranjangaon, Tal ‐ Shirur, Dist ‐ Pune ‐ 412 220, Maharashtra, India. Tel : +91‐2138‐670352

Website : www.smsmepl.com p

APPLICATION OF PLASMA TECHNOLOGY AT SMSIL MEPL PUNE AT SMSIL, MEPL, PUNE

72 MT / Day Capacity Plant

WHAT IS PLASMA?

 “Fourth State” of matter

 Plasma is an ionized gas which  Plasma is an ionized gas which

at very high temperature is capable of conducting electrical capable of conducting electrical current

 Lightning is an example from

nature

WHAT IS PLASMA?

PLASMA TORCH

CHARACTERISTICS OF PLASMA ARC TECHNOLOGY

 Generates “Ionized Gas” which conducts electricity.  C

l i l i h l

 Converts electrical energy into thermal energy.  Heat from Plasma Torches dissociates waste molecules .  Temperature at the tip of Plasma plume is about 5000 °C  Waste destruction in oxygen starved atmosphere resulting in conditions

non-favorable for formation of dioxin and furan.

 Easy to vary torch power ranging from 150 to 300 KWH  Torch operates with most gases  Torch operates with most gases

• Air most common

 A

ifi ti

 A gasification process

• Not an incineration process

WHAT IS GASIFICATION?

 COAL/MSW CARBON  CO/H2/CH4

(Solids) (Gases)

 Major Gasification Reactions:

• Carbon-Steam

C + H2O = CO + H2 endothermic

• Partial Combustion

C + O2 = 2CO exothermic

• Partial Combustion

C + O2 2CO exothermic

• Combustion

C + O2 = CO2 exothermic

• Water-gas shift

CO + H2O = CO2 + H2 exothermic

• B

d d C CO 2CO d h i

• Boudouard

C + CO2 = 2CO endothermic

• Hydrogasification

C + 2H2 = CH4 exothermic

MEPL PLANT PROCESS OVERVIEW

Syn gas

OVERVIEW

Waste y g Useful Fuel Plasma Reactor PGVR AT MEPL Feed System Solid / Liquid Plasma Torch Electrical Energy Air (Plasma Gas) Air (Plasma Gas) Slag

PLASMA GASIFICATION ADVANTAGES

 Wide range of hazardous wastes can be gasified - Solids, Liquids,

Semi- solid, Sludge's, Residues, Slurries. Semi solid, Sludge s, Residues, Slurries.

 HW is completely destroyed and broken down into its basic

components. p

 No tars, dioxin and furan formation. Meets European Standards of

<0.1 ng TEQ/nm3. g

 Produces lower volume of green house gas.  Generates less than 90 % residues than incineration.  Inorganics - Silica, soil, concrete, glass, gravel are vitrified into non

h d Sl hazardous Slag.

 No ash generation. No secondary solid waste.  Generation of syngas for conversion to green power.

SEQUENTIAL OPERATION OF MEPL PGVR PLANT OF MEPL PGVR PLANT

SIMPLE PROCESS OPERATION

 Hazardous

waste Feed material enters into reactor inlet and falls by it gravity.

 Coke bed at bottom of reactor to

maintain temperature porosity & maintain temperature, porosity & for free flowing of slag.

 Outlet for hot syngas  Outlet for hot syngas.  Removal of

slag at bottom of reactor reactor.

PLASMA REACTOR

 Auto feed system  Four

nos

• f

Westinghouse

 Four

nos.

• f

Westinghouse Plasma Corporation supplied torches

 Operating temp 1000 -1200 °C  Gas analyser for CO O2  Gas analyser for CO, O2  Reactor is lined with specialized

refractory to withstand high y g temperature & toxic gases

THERMAL OXIDIZER

 Hot gas

from plasma reactor enters g p into Thermal Oxidizer

 Organic constituents are destructed  Air supply by Air Blowers  Carbon monoxide is converted into

carbon dioxide

 G

t t i 1100 1200 °C

 Gas temperature is 1100 -1200 °C  Oil fired burner  Online gas analyser

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM

W H R S

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM

 Hot

gases (1100-1200 °C) from WASTE HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM

 Hot

gases (1100 1200 C) from Thermal Oxidizer are passed through WHRB to generate steam

 Steam is used to run turbine for power

generation g

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM

VENTURY QUENCHER / DIRECT CONTACT VENTURY QUENCHER / DIRECT CONTACT SCRUBBER

 H f Th l O idi 300 400 0C  Hot gases from Thermal Oxidizer at 300-400 0C enter into the ventury scrubber.  C li f t 850C  Cooling of gases to 850C  Alkaline solution is present in the DC to maintain the pH Dense particles above 5 maintain the pH. Dense particles above 5 micron are removed in the Direct Contact Scrubber Scrubber.  Absorption of SO2/HCL

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM

WET ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR  The Wet Tubular Electrostatic Precipitator uses a multi-stage action to collect fine particles.  Less than 4-5 micron particles size are removed.  It has a caustic solution.  Clean gas from wet ESP is diverted to  Clean gas from wet ESP is diverted to polishing scrubber.

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM

PO

S G SC

POLISHING SCRUBBER  Polishing scrubber has a compact bed with circulation of dilute NaOH liquor. q  Scrubbing of remaining gases.  Cooling of gases below 50 0C.  Cooling of gases below 50 C.  The clean gases are diverted to ID Fan Fan.

ID FAN / STACK

ID FAN

 29000 Nm3/hour gas pulling capacity  29000 Nm3/hour gas pulling capacity

• f each ID fan.

 H l

i k i h E i S

 Helps in keeping the Entire System

under -ve pressure.

 Conveying the gases to the Stack.

STACK

 Rubber lined stack 45 MT height.  Sampling point  Online monitoring system for CO, SO2,

NOX, HCL & SPM.

EXHAUST GAS ANALYSIS

POWER PLANT

Turbine Generator

PROCESS CONTROL & MONITORING THROUGH

SCADA

OPERATIONAL SAFETY AND INTERLOCKS

 Plant operates under negative pressure. Reactor negative pressure is controlled through ID fan speed control through ID fan speed control.  Safety valve venting in case of pressure built up  ID Fan, Scrubber Pump, Waste Feed System and Plant instrumentation are provided with emergency power supply for corrective actions during power failure.  Dedicated Nitrogen Plant with storage tank is provided for emergency dumping of nitrogen into plasma reactor.  Complete Plant operation is controlled and monitored from centralized control room using P LC based control system.  Exhaustive plant instrumentation and interlocks are provided to ensure that plant comes to safe mode in all eventuality.

PLASMA GASIFICATION UNIT AT RANJANGAON PUNE OPERATIONAL SINCE RANJANGAON, PUNE OPERATIONAL SINCE 2008

THANK YOU !!