Antimicrobial Resistance Rob Doyle SSVI Antimicrobial - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Antimicrobial Resistance Rob Doyle SSVI Antimicrobial - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

In-Feed Medication and Antimicrobial Resistance Rob Doyle SSVI Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Medicines, Animal welfare and Live Ruminant Trade Division. Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine Outline In-feed


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SLIDE 1

In-Feed Medication and Antimicrobial Resistance

  • Rob Doyle SSVI
  • Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Medicines, Animal welfare

and Live Ruminant Trade Division.

  • Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine
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SLIDE 2

2 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Outline

  • In-feed medication
  • Why is it of concern?
  • Actions being taken at national level
  • Future changes.
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SLIDE 3

3 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Why Use In-Feed Medication?

  • a stress-free and safe way to safeguard

farm animal health and welfare

  • To assist good husbandry
  • – NOT replace it…..
  • Challenges re prudent use…
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SLIDE 4

4 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

How much in-feed medication is used and in what species?

  • Health Products Regulatory Authority (HPRA) data
  • Research data
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SLIDE 5

5 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Latest data up to 2018

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Tonnes sold Year Tetracyclines Sulphonamides & trimethoprim Penicillins Macrolides & lincosamides Aminoglycosides Amphenicols Fluoroquinolones Cephalosporins

Year 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Total 99.05 89.4 96.99 103.42 99.65 99.39

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SLIDE 6

6 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Pharmaceutical form breakdown of veterinary antibiotics sold in 2016 in Ireland

HPRA 2018, Report on consumption of veterinary antibiotics in Ireland during 2016

35 tonnes 35 tonnes

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SLIDE 7

7 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Pharmaceutical form breakdown of veterinary antibiotics sold in 2018 in Ireland

HPRA 2019, Report on consumption of veterinary antibiotics in Ireland during 2018

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SLIDE 8

Antibiotic Use in Poultry

Lisa Bradford, AMURAP Project

  • Feb 2017-Jan 2018
  • large in use during

2017 and early 2018

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SLIDE 9

Patterns of Use in Pigs

10.39% 6.67% 17.63% 13.97%

55.25% 62.41%

13.82% 13.67% 2.90% 3.29% creep link weaner

finisher sow

DDD mg

Finisher: 10 – 12 weeks

CREEP:

7 - 14 days p.w. (+/- nursery) 80.5% of farms

LINK:

7 - 14 days 79.1% of farms WEANER: 4 - 6 weeks 53.7% of farms FINISHER: 10 - 12 weeks 20.9% of farms

SOW:

Medicated feed provided for 5 - 10 days

  • nce or twice

per year. 22.3% of

farms

8.9% of farms did not use medicated diets

Nursery: 4 weeks 1st Stage weaner: 4 weeks 2nd Stage weaner: 4 - 5 weeks

83.1 %

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SLIDE 10

10 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Zinc Oxide Patterns of Use

  • High levels of dependence on ZnO and antibiotics in feed at

weaning

  • Ban on ZnO from 2022

CREEP:

97% of farms

LINK:

95% of farms

WEANER:

34% of farms

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SLIDE 11

11 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Outline

  • In-feed medication
  • Why is it of concern?
  • Actions being taken at national level
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SLIDE 12

O’Neill Review on Antimcrobial Resistance, 2016

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SLIDE 13

AMR in Humans - Ireland

  • ↓MRSA
  • ↑ESBL E. coli
  • ↑CPE
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SLIDE 14

AMR in Animals - National Surveillance Programme

  • Broilers, pigs, calves
  • MDR Salmonella - pigs
  • ESBL-producing E. coli - poultry 2016
  • Alternative year sampling
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SLIDE 15

15 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Outline

  • In-feed medication
  • Why is it of concern?
  • Actions being taken at national level
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SLIDE 16

Levels of Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonella in Pigs - 2015

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SLIDE 17

Antimicrobial Consumption Database

  • To enable policy makers to fight AMR
  • Identify areas of the animal population with low

and high consumption

  • Monitor use of Critically Important Antibiotics

(CIAs)

  • Monitor trends
  • More meaningful outputs

‘If you can’t measure it, you can’t improve it’.

Peter Drucker, Business Management Consultant

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SLIDE 18

Critically Important Antibiotics - CIAs

  • WHO categorises certain antimicrobials used in human health

as ‘critically important’.

  • Given their importance these should NOT be used as first line

treatment of animals

  • Should only be used when there are no effective alternative

antimicrobials available for the respective target species and indication.

  • DAFM Highest Importance Critically important antibiotic policy.
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SLIDE 19

19 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Veterinary Written Directives (VWD)

  • DAFM review in 2019. VWDs must prescribe in line with the product characteristics,
  • Some issues with VWDs.

— Not correctly completed — Underdosing of antimicrobials — Treatment length incorrect — Withdrawal period not correctly identified.

  • Follow up with Vets and Feedmills.

— Good improvement but still some issues.

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SLIDE 20

20 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Outline

  • In-feed medication
  • Why is it of concern?
  • Actions being taken at national level
  • Future changes.
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SLIDE 21

21 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

New Legislation

  • Regulation EU 2019(4) on medicated feed
  • Regulation EU 2019(6) on Veterinary medicinal products.
  • Come into force 28 January 2022.
  • This legislation is focused reducing AMR
  • Far reaching changes
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SLIDE 22

22 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

New Legislation

  • Use of Zinc Oxide in pigs will be prohibited.
  • Prophylactic use of antibiotics will not be allowed.
  • Metaphalytic use also not allowed.
  • Vets only allowed to prescribe on the basis of a clinical diagnosis.
  • Quantity prescribed is to be limited to the amount required to treat

the diagnosed condition.

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SLIDE 23

23 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Who’s Responsible?

  • Competent Authority -

regulation/policy

  • Veterinary pharmaceutical

industry

  • Veterinarians
  • Animal feed manufacturers
  • Distributors
  • Food animal producers

http://oie-antimicrobial.com/

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SLIDE 24

Take Home Messages

  • Antibiotic use drives antimicrobial resistance.
  • 67% of all veterinary antibiotics are given orally (in-

feed/water/top dressing)

  • In-feed medication - challenges re. better targetting
  • f treatments, ensuring correct dosages
  • Scope for other control measures for disease