METHODS FOR MEASURING THE ANTIMICROBIAL, MECHANICAL, AND PERMEABILITY PROPERTIES OF A BIO-BASED MULTILAYER ANTIMICROBIAL FILM Hunter Gartner April 8 th , 2014
INTRODUCTION Current Research Methods Antimicrobial Mechanical Permeability Conclusions
CURRENT RESEARCH Development of a completely bio-based and biodegradable antimicrobial package for minimally processed food products Polylactic acid (PLA) Chitosan (CS) Grapefruit Seed Extract (GSE)
PLA/CS COATING
CS COATING
PACKAGING APPLICATION Fres esh Dic ice e Tomatoes oes Filling ng Sealing ing Storage age
METHODS Antimicrobial Dynamic shake flasks (ASTM E2149) Unsuitable for ASTM E2149 because of zone inhibition Not representative of actual use conditions No available nutrients for microorganisms to grow Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) Agar diffusion Inoculation of 10 4 CFU/mL in tomato juice
METHODS Mechanical ASTM D882 Standard test method for tensile properties of thin plastic sheeting Equipment Instron Universal Testing Machine
METHODS Mechanical ISO 4624 Pull-off test for adhesion ASTM D4541 Standard test method for pull-off strength of coatings using portable adhesion testers Equipment not available
PULL-OFF TEST Direction ection of force ce Top Doll lly Adhes esive Coating ing Substrate Adhes esive Bottom om Doll lly http://www.defelsko.com
METHODS Permeability ASTM F1249 Standard test method for water vapor transmission rate through plastic film and sheeting using modulated infrared sensor ASTM D3985 Standard test method for oxygen gas transmission rate through plastic film and sheeting using a coulometric sensor
METHODS Permeability Equipment Mocon Oxtran (oxygen) Permatran (water vapor)
CONCLUSIONS Standard methods are useful for validated testing in research Testing can be done more reliable and quicker with validated methods Developed methods are used when the standard methods do not apply to the research conditions
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