Agriculture, nutrition and sustainable development Klaus Ammann - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Six Theses for the Biovision Debate On

Agriculture, nutrition and sustainable development

Klaus Ammann

Perceived through science

Perceived directly

Virtual risk

(hypothesis)

We live in a risk minded society; see

Adams, J. (1994) Risk Ucl Pr Ltd (August 1, 1995), IS: 1857280679, pp 228 Adams 1994, amended

Distorted Risk Perception I

Distorted Risk Perception II

Precautionary Approach:

the original wording in the protocols Term coined at Rio 1992 Convention of the Biological Diversity Term based on REAL negative data, trends difficult to project into the future

Precautionary Approach:

In the Biosafety Protocol: Term in its concept has changed fundamentally: Now based on mainly unknown risks difficult to project into the future

Risk = Hazard / Chance

Widespread definition, but onetrack-minded Risk = Hazard x Likelyhood Or worse: Risk = Social bla bla x (media frenzy)

2

Ammann, K. (2004) The Role of Science in the Application of the Precautionary Approach,. In Molecular Farming, Plant-made Pharmaceuticals and Technical Proteins (eds R. Fischer & S. Schillberg), Vol. 1, pp. 291-302. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Precautionary/Ammann-Precautionary-Approach1.pdf

The Familiarity Approach needs some more precise definition:

• 1. Regional differentiation
• 2. Monitoring basic research
• 3. Differentiation according

to new traits

http://www.agbios.com/cstudies.php?book=BIOSAFETY&ev=RISKANALYSIS&chapter=Ch-2 http://www.biotech-info.net/regulating_biotech.html

The OECD Familiarity Approach

http://www.botanischergarten.ch/OECD/ScaleupCropPlants.pdf or http://www.oecd.org/searchResult/0,2665,en_2649_37437_1_1_1_1_37437,00.html

Proposal: Article 14:

• 1. Parties may enter into bilateral and multilateral agreements

and arrangements regarding international transboundary movements of LMOs, consistent with the objective of this Protocol and provided that such agreements and arrangements This is where the Familiarity Approach could be introduced in new interpretations: Example: Bt strategy in crops : hundreds of high quality papers have shown that there are no major problems left to be solved. Even toxicological studies in the lab have shown that the effects many non-target insects are minor (example of the lacewings) Romeis et al. 2004. Candolfi et al. 2004: Baseline comparison shows clear benefits

• f Bt-crops over pesticide spraying

Orius, Wirkung von Karate (Pestizid)

Candolfi, M.P., Brown, K., Grimm, C., Reber, B., & Schmidli, H. (2004) A faunistic approach to assess potential side-effects of genetically modified Bt-corn on non-target arthropods under field conditions. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 14, 2, pp 129-170 http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Bt/Candolfi-Biocontrol-2004.pdf

Titel der Arbeit von Romeis et al.

Romeis, J., Dutton, A., & Bigler, F. (2004) Bacillus thuringiensis toxin (Cry1Ab) has no direct effect on larvae of the green lacewing Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). Journal of Insect Physiology, 50, 2-3, pp 175-183 http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Bt/Romeis-et-al-04-Chrysoperla.pdf and evaluation F1000: http://www.facultyof1000.com/article/15019519/evaluation See also the overall report on the impact of agricultural biotechnology on biodiversity: Ammann, K. (2004), Electronic Source: the impact of agricultural biotechnology on biodiversity, a review, published by: Klaus Ammann, accessed: 2004 http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Biotech-Biodiv/Report-Biodiv-Biotech12.pdf

Vergleichs-Resultate der Fütterungsstude v. Romeis

Romeis et al. 2004

Ammann, K. & Papazova Ammann, B. (2004) Factors Influencing Public Policy Development in Agricultural Biotechnology. In RISK ASSESSMENT OF TRANSGENIC CROPS. (ed S. Shantaram), Vol. 9, pp. 1552. Wiley and Sons, Hoboken, NJ, USA. In:

• P. Christou & H. Klee: Handbook of Plant Biotechnology,

http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Wiley/Factors-Discourse-Wiley.pdf

Scientists for Labour Organic Farming Appendix 1 http://easyweb.easynet.co.uk/~sfl/scienceagric/Index.html

Figure 1. A diagrammatic indication of the relationship between economic development and environmental concern. The three primary economic systems of agrarian-, industrial-, and knowledge-based service are indicated with arbitrary indications of wealth and development. SO2 emission is used merely as an indicator of industrial development and the subsequent environmental concern generated

The Population/Biodiversity Paradox. Agricultural Efficiency to Save Wilderness Anthony J. Trewavas Plant Physiology Jan. 2001

high tech and

• rganic

What is the contribution to Nutrient Intake?

Percent of Recommended Nutrient Intake (WHO/FAO)

0% 50% 100% 150% 200% Adult Women Children SGR2 Non-staple plant Animal and Fish

Latest figures

• 4. 2005 from

HarvestPlus

(Golden Rice 2

Golden Rice 2

Swaminathan‘s view on tackling with the problems of poverty a highly complex system

What are the Millennium Development Goals? The Millennium Development Goals are the world’s time-bound and quanti-fied targets for addressing extreme poverty in its many dimensions— Income poverty, hunger, disease, lack of adequate shelter, and exclusion— while promoting gender equality, education, and environmental sustainability. They are also basic human rights—the rights of each person

• n the planet to health, education,

shelter, and security as pledged in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the UN Millennium Declaration.

Amish farmers in biotech-debate: subsequent partial adoption

• f transgenic crops: 1999, see:

http://www.ifpri.org/2020conference/PDF/summary_ammann.pdf

armer de Jonghe in Holland, produces organic andard vegetables without pesticides

Foto Claus Lange, Text Michael Miersch Weltwoche 06 2003

Time needed for Bobwhite Quail Chicks to Satisfy Daily Inect Requirements (Fawcett & Towery, 2002)

http://www.genepeace.ch/ Demonstration of Swiss Researchers

Not this kind of future, PLEASE !