A Necessity for the Future of Defence Colonel (Armament Corps) - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Investment in Research Activities – A Necessity for the Future of Defence

Colonel (Armament Corps) Gilles Brault Office for Advanced Research & Innovation DGA/DS/MRIS

Brussels, March 7th 2013

DS/MRIS – RHID Presentation

7 March 2013 Slide #2

Research & Innovation

Definitions by the French Ministry of Research

The use of the corpus of scientific results, technologies,

• rganizations, finance and markets to create new or

enhanced products or processes

INNOVATION RESEARCH

The whole work of creation systematically undertaken to increase the sum of knowledges for new applications.

DS/MRIS – RHID Presentation

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Research & Economy

 Liberal vision

 Markets are the basis of society’s development; competitiveness ensure their

supremacy

 Innovation is one of the engine of competitiveness  Innovation triggers research : « Market pull » orientation

 Keynesian vision

 Governments invest in (mainly academic) research

 Big companies and society benefit from the result

 The winner is one investing in more research  Research induce innovation: « Technologies push »

 The two visions are compatible  Tendency in French MOD

 Moving from Keynesian to Liberal around year 2000  Coexistence of public contracts (Top-Down) and sustaining research &

innovation via subventions (Bottom-Up)

DS/MRIS – RHID Presentation

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Domestic Expenditure on R&D (DIRD)

• In France (2007), Domestic Expenditure on R&D versus Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

is of 2,04 % public research representing 1% of it

• EU target is 3% (Lisbon Protocol)

1% for public research and 2% for private business (enterprises)

• DIRD in 2005, USA = 2,6%, Japan = 3,3 % France = 2,1%
• DIRD in 2006, Québec = 2,73% (Canada = 1,8%)

European DIRD and Ratio DIRD/GDP by EU Member State in 2007

DS/MRIS – RHID Presentation

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Present Paradigms

 Evolution of the role of governments in research: strategy and orientations  Disappearance of national grand projects: now the fact of the EU  Emerging of grand society challenges: “citizen needs” versus “progress”  Evolvement and reinforcement of Agencies « Operators »

 National Research Agency (ANR), Oséo, EDA, ESA…

 Evolvement of French « Clusters »

 Competitiveness clusters, Fusion and federal universities (PRES), Thematic Advanced

Research Networks (RTRA)…

 Generalization of the « call for projects » systems

 Europe, Agencies, foundations, regional councils…

 Incentive to invest in research and start-up evolvement

 Tax Refund for Research activities program (CIR), Young Innovative Enterprises (JEI),

Concourse of Innovative Start-up

 The next paradigm to come ?

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From where does innovation come ?

(in companies)

• A touch of modesty…
• Only 13%
• f innovative ideas

come from academia…  A highway for good laboratories?

DS/MRIS – RHID Presentation

7 March 2013 Slide #7

Back to French Defence: The 3 missions of DGA

1. Equip the Armed Forces 2. Prepare the Future of Defence Systems 3. Promote Exports

DS/MRIS – RHID Presentation

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Industrial Strategies

Global Analysis, on the basis of Reference Documents

TRL 1-4

PS R&T

Strategic Plan for Research & Technology in defence and security Prospective Plan for the next 30 years TRL 4-7

Operational Needs and Capabilities Technical Solutions

White Book Military Program Law POS

Basic Research Policy

International Cooperation

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Type of Research Patronized

 DGA supports Basic Research Activities with Potential Defense Interest

as well as Applied Research for Short-Term Use

 Blue Sky Research is evaluated through Scientific Watch Consideration of Use ? No Yes Quest for

Fundamental Understanding ? Yes Basic Research (Bohr) Orientated Basic Research (Pasteur) No Applied Research (Edison)

adapté de Pasteur's Quadrant: Basic Science and technological Innovation, Stokes 1997

DS/MRIS – RHID Presentation

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The present R&T Organization

16 R&T Domains

Missiles & Bombs UAVs Helicopters & Transport Aircrafts Ballistic Missiles Intelligence & Surveillance Support to Innovation Combat Aircrafts Naval Combat & Underwater Warfare Submarine & Nuclear Propulsion Communication & Networks Information Systems & C2 Security of Inform. Systems Satellite Positioning Human Protection Cross-Cutting Competencies Land Systems & Munitions

DS/MRIS – RHID Presentation

7 March 2013 Slide #11

R&T Defense Budget FY 2012

 Global R&D Defense budget: 3,5 billions € (including armament programmes development)

 In which 1,7 Billions € for “Defence Studies”  In which 830 Million € for R&T

– In which 683 Millions for Advanced Studies » In which 91 Millions € for Sustaining Innovation (basic research)

 What does Sustaining innovation finance ?

 160 new PhDs/year 70% being cofinanced (half-half)  About 15 post-docs and 10 senior researcher grants  42 TRL 1-4 Academic orientated projects of Defense interest  60 TRL 3-6 SMEs (and ISE) orientated projects of dual int.  15 TRL 4-7 Competitiveness Cluster projects  Scientific Survey

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9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 TRL Développements expérimentaux Maturation technologique Recherche de base Travaux

Outils de financement de la Recherche & Innovation de défense

Spécifique Défense Dual

Pilotage Défense Contribution de la Défense

( )

Programmes d'études amont – PEA

Démonstrateurs

Agence nationale de la recherche

Thèses, Post-doc

Pôles de compétitivité FUI OSEO Innovation

7 M€ 1,2 M€ 13 M€ 13 M€ 12 M€ Budgets 2012 Appui à l'innovation Maturation des technologies

Maturation

40 M€

OER

Opérations d’expérimentations réactives

DS/MRIS – RHID Presentation

7 March 2013 Slide #13

Optimizing Government Money

 Make industries responsible when crossing the valley of Death  Maintain Innovation capacity  Produce good demonstrators

Basic Research

(TRL 1-4)

Technological Studies

(TRL 4-6)

Démonstrators

(TRL 6-7)

15% 35% cofinancement 50%

TRL 6 9 8 7 5 4 3 2 1

DS/MRIS – RHID Presentation

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The Office for Advanced Research and Innovation (MRIS)

Information, Engineering and Robotics Nano- Technologies Biology & Bio- Technologies Fluid & Structure Photonics Human & Systems Acoustics and Radio- Electric Waves Material, Chemistry & Energy Environment & Geosciences

Part of the Strategy Directorate of DGA, the MRIS is in charge of

 Proposing defense

scientific orientations

 Contacts with civilian

Research

 Piloting low TRL

activities

 PhDs  ASTRID program  Low TRL RAPID

projects

 Low TRL industrial and international partnership

DS/MRIS – RHID Presentation

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Being Defence relevant… …and not doing science for science (1)

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Being Defence relevant… …and not doing science for science (2)

Part of a PhD scientific poster Presented at DGA Innovation Forum November 27th 2012, at CNIT-La Défense

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Thank you for your attention !

For further contact: gilles.brault@dga.defense.gouv.fr