A guide to real time weather in computer games Krsito Mnna Intent - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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A guide to real time weather in computer games Krsito Mnna Intent - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Mar 04, 2023 127 likes •728 views

A guide to real time weather in computer games Krsito Mnna Intent of this presentation Give an overview of weather in games Starting point for weather system design Highlight what weather can do Why bother with weather?

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A guide to real time weather in computer games

Krsito Männa

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Intent of this presentation

› Give an overview of weather in games › Starting point for weather system design › Highlight what weather can do

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Why bother with weather?

› Easier for player to fit in › More habitable worlds › Worlds bigger than character

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Topics

› Weather systems › Weather zones › Designing a weather system

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Systems

› Temperature › Rain-/Snowfall › Day/Night cycle › Clouds › Fog › Wetness › Wind › Vegetation › Water › NPCs

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Temperature

Reality: › Heated metals and black body radiators › Summer sky vs. Winter sky › Illusion of warm/cold

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Temperature

Outcomes: › Feeling of temperature › Ambiance

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Temperature

Games: › Warmer/cooler light sources › Hue change overlay › Convey humidness for hotness › Convey windiness for coldness

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Minecraft - https://minecraft.gamepedia.com/File:Desert_Hills.png https://minecraft-seeds.net/seed/1.0.0/wat/

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Rain-/Snowfall

Reality: › Rain clouds → rain (or other) › Also thunder

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Rain-/Snowfall

Outcomes: › Living world › Thunder

› Scary › Temporary illumination

› Gameplay changes → less visibility,

environment interactions

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Rain-/Snowfall

Games: › Falling dropplets › What › Where › Hit something › Wet camera › Thunder

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Heavy rain - https://www.pressfire.no/nyheter/PS3/6435/Heavy-Rain-komponisten-har-gtt-bort

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Wetness

Reality: › Lots of water → Dampness → rain → puddles

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Wetness

Outcome: › More humid world → feels hotter › Realistic water buildup › Gameplay changes

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Wetness

Games: › Puddle shader › Dampness shader

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https://gamedev.stackexchange.com/questions/153619/how-can-i-make-a-wet-surface-shallow-puddle-shader-i n-unity

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Day/Night cycle

Reality: › Earth rotates around sun and axis › Rayleigh Scattering + human color perception › Moving shadows › Almost every living thing reacts to this cycle

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Day/Night cycle

Outcomes: › Living world › Day is peaceful › Night is scary › Gameplay changes

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Day/Night cycle

Games: › Directional light angle changes › Realtime shadows › Rayleigh Scattering shader › NPC state change › Vegetation state changes

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Dying light - https://gamerant.com/dying-light-night-mission-gameplay/

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Clouds

Reality: › Part of earth water cycle › Shape, size controlled by humidity, temperature, wind

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Clouds

Outcomes: › Give a sense of realism › Make world feel bigger than player

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Clouds

Games: › Skybox › Floating objects › Volumetric clouds

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Volumetric cloud breakdown

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Horizon zero dawn - https://80.lv/articles/creating-clouds-in-horizon-zero-dawn/

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Fog

Reality: › When given enough air visible light will noticeably scatter

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Fog

Outcome: › Far away objects can be drawn cheaply with only silhouettes in some cases › Far away objects can seamlessly disappear › Ambiance

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Fog

Games: › Depth fog › Billboard fog › Volumetric fog

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Overgrowth - https://store.steampowered.com/app/25000/Overgrowth/

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Wind

Reality: › Air expands/contracts creating wind › Everything not bolted to the ground moves › Some living things depend on wind to survive

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Wind

Outcome: › Living world › Gameplay → interactable objects move

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Wind

Games: Wind zones (noise) → › Flora bend shader › Light objects move › Waves appear on water › Dust moves

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Witcher 3 - https://blogs-images.forbes.com/erikkain/files/2015/05/witcher3-2015-05-19-12-52-58-49-1940x1091.jpg

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Vegetation

Reality: › Reacts to temperature, humidity, daylight etc › Moves with wind › Goes into a protective state when conditions are bad › Leaves fall

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Vegetation

Outcome: › Plants and trees that react to weather › Living world

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Vegetation

Games: › Vegetation made of leveled branches › Open/closed states for blossoms › Falling leaf particles › Seasonal states for flora

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Gothic 3 - https://www.neogaf.com/threads/gothic-3-one-of-the-most-underrated-rpgs-ever.1358140/

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Water

Reality: Forces create waves → Waves splash into objects Water level changes in some places

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Water

Outcome: › Living world › Real feeling water › Good level separator

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Water

Games: › Water shader reacts to wind by creating waves › Some waves collide with objects

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Sea of thieves - https://www.digitaltrends.com/gaming/sea-of-thieves-beginners-guide/

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Animals

Reality: Animals behaviour changes with the weather

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NPCs

Outcome: › Living world › Lots of gameplay changes

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NPCs

Games: › AI state changes › AI avoids rain-/snowfall › AI goes to sleep › etc

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Minecraft - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V4NSF0t-FVE thumbnail

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Zones

› Grassland › Forest › Beach › Ocean › Desert › Town › Mountains

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Witcher 3 - https://wccftech.com/the-witcher-3-gui-framerate/

Grassland

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Far Cry Primal - https://www.newgamenetwork.com/media/18434/far-cry-primal/

Forest

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Risen - picture taken by me

Beach

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Sea of thieves - https://www.digitaltrends.com/gaming/sea-of-thieves-beginners-guide/

Ocean

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Fallout New Vegas (modded) - https://in.ign.com/fallout-new-vegas-pc/78356/feature/21-mods-that-overhaul-fallout-new-vegas

Desert

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Skyrim - http://www.dorkly.com/post/80669/the-20-best-feelings-in-videogames-ranked

Town

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God of war - http://www.timescall.com/entertainment/ci_31815018/god-war-kratos-rocky-mountain-gamer

Mountains

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Making a weather system

› Does your game need it?

› Would static weather suffice

› Do you have the resources? ›

Cost varies from cheap to very expensive

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What to keep in mind when creating a weather system

› Character should interact with weather › Gameplay should be effected › Don’t forget about sound

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That's a wrap

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Used materials

› Day/Night › https://www.reddit.com/r/gamedesign/comments/6actu9/are_ daynight_cycles_in_open_world_games_almost/ › https://www.pastemagazine.com/articles/2016/12/the-10-best-d aynight-cycles-in-games.html › Clouds › https://sciencing.com/clouds-made-5393253.html › https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLUUIAKFgWg&t=0s › Wind › https://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/terrain-WindZones.html › https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lz8wEsvCWMs › Vegetation › https://80.lv/articles/vegetation-creation-techniques-for-video- games/ › Water › https://www.pcgamer.com/the-best-water-in-pc-games/ › General › http://gamestudies.org/0801/articles/barton

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Used materials

› Horizon zero dawn cloud presentation › http://advances.realtimerendering.com/s2015/The%20Real-time%20V

  • lumetric%20Cloudscapes%20of%20Horizon%20-%20Zero%20Dawn

%20-%20ARTR.pdf › Rain › https://www.pcgamer.com/how-developers-make-perfect-rain-in-ga mes/ › Scishow humidity → hotness › https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGHRz8wpj3E › Fog › https://unity3d.com/learn/tutorials/topics/unity-artists/volumetric-fo g-fog-volume-3