A genetic map of the People of the British Isles Walter Bodmer - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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A genetic map of the People of the British Isles

Walter Bodmer Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Oncology University of Oxford

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  • Funded by the Wellcome Trust
  • Collect 4000+ samples- rural all 4 GPs from same

area

  • Genotype subset of 2000 on 600,000 SNPs
  • Create genetic map of British Isles
  • A resource for future disease association studies

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2,039 samples 500K SNPs Clustered using genetics Unlinked loci (PCA) Plotted on map

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LD = 0.071 – 0.023 = 0.048 Proportion of HF due to LD = 0.048/0.071 = 0.68

0.178 0.128 0.178x0.128=0.023 0.071

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An analysis of fine-scale population structure in a UK control population Stephen Leslie, Garrett Hellenthal, Simon Myers, Dan Lawson, Daniel Falush, Peter Donnelly.

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SLIDE 9 Dyfed Powys Gw ynedd Clwyd West Glamorgan Mid Glamor gan Gwent South Glamor gan N
  • r thern Ire
l a nd Highland Strathclyde Tayside D umfries and G a l loway Central Western Isl e s Borders Lothian Fife Grampian Loch Lomond Orkne y Isl a nds Loch Doon Car ron Valley Reser voir Loch Earn Loch Ericht Loch Ta y Lincolnshire C umbria North Yorkshir e Northumbe r lan d Cornw all and Isles of Scilly De von Somer set Dorset East Sussex Wiltshire Hampshire Gloucester shire Oxfor dshire Warwickshire We st Midlands G r eater Londo n Kent Hertfor dshire Northamptonsh i r e Cambridgeshire Essex Suffolk Shro pshire Leicester shire Staffordshire Der bysh i r e N
  • ttinghamshire
Cheshire Lancashire South Yorkshire West Yor ksh i r e Norfolk North Lincolnshir e East Riding
  • f Yorkshire
D urham Isle of Wight West Sussex N
  • r th Somerset
Bristol, City of West Berkshire Wokingha m Buckinghamshire County of Her efordsh i r e Worcestershir e Sur rey Bedfordshire Pe terbo rough Telford and Wr ekin Mer seyside Gr eater Manchester Tyn e and Wear Pl ymouth Tor bay Blackpool Poole Bournemo uth So uthampto n Portsmouth Brighton and Hove Bath and N
  • r th East Somerset
South Gloucester shire Swindon Bracknell Forest Reading Windsor and Maidenh ead Slough Milton Keynes Leicester Rutland Medway Thurr
  • ck
Luton Southend−on−Sea Stoke −on − T rent Halton Warring ton D erby N
  • ttingham
Blackburn with Dar w en York North East Lincolnshir e Kingston u pon Hu l l, C ity of D arlington Stockton−on−Tees Middlesbrough Hartlepool R edcar and Cle veland

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SLIDE 10 Dyfe d Powys Gwy ne dd Clwy d West Glamo r g an Mid Glamorgan Gwent South Glamorgan Northern Irela nd Highland Strath c lyde Tays ide Dumfries an d Gallo way Central Wester n Isles Borders Lothian Fife Grampian Loch L omo nd Ork ney Island s Loch Doo n Carron Valley Reser v
  • ir
Lo c h Earn Loch E r icht Loch Tay L incolnshire Cumbria North Y
  • rk
shire Northumberlan d Cor nwall and Isles of Sc illy Dev
  • n
Somers e t Dors e t East Suss e x Wilts h ire Hampshire Glouces tershire Oxfo r d s hir e Warwick shire West Midlands Greater L ondon K e nt Her tfordshire Northampto ns hir e Cambridge s hir e E ssex Suffolk Shropshire Le ic e s tershire S taffordshire Derbyshire Nottingha mshire Ch es h ire La nc a s hir e South Y
  • rks
h ire West Y
  • rk
shire Norfolk North Lincolnshire East Riding o f York shire Durha m Is le of Wight West S u s se x North S
  • merset
B r is tol, City o f West Ber k shire Wok ingham Buck inghams h ire County
  • f Herefo r
d s hir e Worcestershire Surrey Bedfo r d s hir e P eterborough Telford a nd Wrek in Merseyside Gr e ater Manchester Tyne and Wear P ly mouth Torbay B lac kpoo l Poole B
  • urnemouth
Southampton Ports mouth Brighton a nd Ho ve B a th and Nor th Eas t S
  • merset
South Glou c esters h ire Swindon B ra c knell Forest Read ing Windsor an d Maide nhead S lo ugh Milton Keynes L eices ter Rutland Medw ay Th urr
  • c
k Luton S
  • u then d−on −Sea
Stoke−on −Trent Halto n Warrington De r b y Nottingham Black b urn with Darw en Y
  • rk
North East Lincoln s hir e K ingston upon Hull, City of Darlingto n Stock ton −on−T e es Mid dlesbrough Ha rtlepool Redcar and Cle veland

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SLIDE 11 Dyfed Powys Gwynedd Clwyd West Glamorgan M id Glamorgan Gwent South Glamorgan Northern Ireland Highland Strathclyde Tay side Dum fries and Galloway Centr al Wester n Isles Borders Lothian Fife Grampian Loch Lomond Orkney Is lands Loch Doon Carron Valley Reser voir Loch Ear n Loch Er icht Loch Tay Lincolnshire Cumbr ia North Y
  • rks
hire Nor thumberland Cor nwall and Isles
  • f Scilly
Devon Somerset Dorset Eas t Sussex Wiltshire Ham pshire Gloucestershire Oxfordshire Warwickshire West Midlands Greater London K ent Her tfords hire Nor thamptonshire Cambridgeshire Essex Suffolk Shropshire Leic estershire Staffordshire Derbyshire Nottinghamshire Cheshire Lanc ashire South Yorkshire West Y
  • rks
hire Norfolk Nor th Lincolnshire East Riding of Yorkshire Durham Is le of Wight West Sussex North Somerset B r istol, City of West Berkshire Wokingham Buckinghamshire County of Heref ordshire Worcestershire Surrey Bedfordshire Peterborough Telford and Wrekin Merseyside Greater Manchester Tyne and Wear Plymouth Torbay Blackpool Poole B
  • ur nemouth
Southampton Portsmouth Brighton and Hove B ath and Nor th East Somerset South Gloucestershire Swindon Bracknell Forest Reading Windsor and Maidenhead Slough Milton Keynes Leicester Rutland Medway Thurroc k Luton Southend−on−Sea Stoke−on−Trent Halton Warr ington Derby Nottingham Blackbur n with Darwen York North East Lincolnshire K ingston upon Hull, City of Darlington Stockton−on−Tees Middlesbrough Hartlepool Redcar and Cleveland

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SLIDE 12 Dy fed Powys Gwynedd Clwyd West Glamorgan Mid Glamorgan Gwent South Glamorgan Northern Ireland Highland Strathclyde Tayside Dumfries and Galloway Central Western Isles Borders Lothian Fife Grampian Loc h Lomond Orkney Islands Loch Doon Carron Valley Reser voir Loch Ear n Loch Ericht Loch Tay Lincolnshire Cumbr ia North Y
  • rkshire
Northumberland Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Dev
  • n
Somerset Dorset East Sussex Wiltshire Hampshire Glouc estershire Oxfordshire Warwickshire West Midlands Greater London Kent Hertfordshire Nor thamptonshire Cambr idgeshire Essex Suffolk Shropshire Leicestershire Staffordshire Derbyshire Nottinghamshire Cheshire Lanc ashire South Y
  • r ks
hire West Y
  • rkshire
Norfolk Nor th Lincolnshire East Riding of Yor k shire Durham Isle of Wight West Sussex North Somerset Br istol, City of West Ber kshire Wokingham Buckinghamshire County of Heref ordshire Worces tershire Surrey Bedfordshire Peterborough Telford and Wrekin Merseyside Greater Manchester Tyne and Wear Plymouth Torbay Blac kpool Poole Bournemouth Southampton Por tsmouth Brighton and Hove Bath and Nor th East Somerset South Gloucestershire Swindon Bracknell Forest Reading Windsor and Maidenhead Slough Milton Key nes Leic ester Rutland Medway Thurrock Luton Southend−on−Sea Stoke−on−Trent Halton Warr ington Derby Nottingham Blackbur n with Darwen Y
  • rk
Nor th East Lincolnshire Kingston upon Hull, City of Darlington Stockton−on−Tees Middlesbrough Hartlepool Redcar and Cleveland

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SLIDE 13 Dy fed Powys Gwynedd Clwy d West Glamorgan Mid Glamorgan Gwent South Glamorgan Northern Ireland Highland Strathcly de Tayside Dumfries and Galloway Central Western Isles Borders Lothian Fife Grampian Loch Lomond Orkney Islands Loch Doon Carron Valley Reservoir Loch Earn Loch Eric ht Loch Tay Lincolnshire Cumbr ia North Y
  • rks
hire Nor thumberland Cor nwall and Isles
  • f Scilly
Devon Somerset Dorset East Sus sex Wiltshire Hampshire Gloucestershir e Oxfordshire Warwic kshire Wes t Midlands Greater London Kent Her tfordshire Northamptonshire Cambridgeshire Essex Suffolk Shropshire Leicestershire Staffordshire Derbyshire Nottinghamshire Cheshire Lancashire South Yorkshire West Yorkshire Norfolk Nor th Lincolnshire East Riding of Yorkshire Durham Isle of Wight West Sussex North Somerset Bristol, City
  • f
West Berkshire Wokingham Buckinghamshire County of Herefordshire Worcestershire Surr ey Bedfordshire Peterborough Telford and Wrekin Merseyside Greater Manchester Tyne and Wear Plymouth Torbay Blackpool Poole Bournemouth Southampton Portsmouth Br ighton and Hove Bath and North East Somerset South Gloucestershire Swindon Bracknell Fores t Reading Winds
  • r and Maidenhead
Slough Milton Keynes Leic ester Rutland Medway Thurrock Luton Southend−on−Sea S toke−on−Trent Halton Warrington Derby Nottingham Blackburn with Darwen Y
  • r k
Nor th East Linc
  • lnshire
Kingston upon Hull, City of Darlington Stoc kton−on−Tees Middlesbrough Har tlepool Redcar and Cleveland

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4.4 times more likely to be Ancient British than Norse. But has Norse Y type M17

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DH: top area Llandudno in 1881 and 1998 21.3 times more likely to be Welsh than Anglo-Saxon 5.3 times more likely to be from the Celtic/Ancient British Fringe than Anglo-Saxon 1881

1998

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Peopling of the British Isles:

a brief history

  • First settlers after ice age ~12,000YBP;

land bridge till at least 10,000YBP

  • Arrival of agriculture ~6000YBP
  • Roman invasion AD 43 – 410
  • Saxon settlement AD 410 – 720
  • Viking migration AD 800 – 950
  • Norman invasion AD 1066

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Acknowledgements

  • Bruce Winney, Peter Donnelly
  • Wellcome Trust
  • Irina Evseeva, Susan Tonks, Yang Xiaofeng, Chikodi Echeta, Abdelhamid

Boumertit,Tammy Day, Ellen Royrvik, kristin Nicodemus, Dan Davison, Stephen Leslie

  • Garrett Hellenthal, Simon Myers, Dan Lawson, Daniel Falush
  • Tim Bishop, John Burn, Ron Dixon, Tim Frayling, Barbara Jennings, Steve

Marsh, Derek Middleton, Cristina Navarrete, Julian Sampson, Jan Tawn, Malcolm Taylor, Stan Urbaniak

  • Barry Cunliffe Mark Robinson

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