A Framework for Water Security Assessment at City Scale: - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
A Framework for Water Security Assessment at City Scale: Application to Bangkok Informal roundtable on addressing water scarcity through cost effective and innovative responsible business practices (RBP) in the Resort Industry in ESCAP
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25-26 August, 2016 Victor R. Shinde, PhD Senior Specialist in Water Engineering and Management Asian Institute of Technology victorshinde@ait.asia
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Water security vs water scarcity Water Security captures the complex concept of holistic water management and the balance between resource protection and its use (GWP, 2000).
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Scale of assessment Scale is critical in assessing water security. National level assessments (traditionally done) make it difficult to take action at operationalization level. Measuring water security Water security needs to be represented by indicators to facilitate its quantification
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Feature Dimension of Water Security There will be sufficient water for domestic, industrial and business use Availability index Water supplied will be of good quality Quality index Water will be a valued economic good Water productivity index The city will be adequately protected from water related disasters Disaster control index The water sources and bodies will be free from pollution and contamination Environment protection index Citizens will be aware of water-related problems and issues Public consciousness index There will be practical, and enforceable, water laws and acts Management index There will be a continuous attempt to “look into the future” and plan accordingly Adaptability index
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Dimension 1 Dimension 2 Dimension i Parameter 1 Parameter j Indicator 1 Indicator k
Specific Measurable Attainable Relevant Time-bound
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Water Security Index Domestic water security (DWS) Governance & Management (GM) Environmental water security (ENWS) Economic water security (EWS) Water-related disaster (WD) WSI = ( DWS + EWS + ENWS + WD + GW 𝟔 ) WSI = f (DWS, EWS, ENWS, WD, GM)
WSI = Water Security Index
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Dimension Parameter No. Indicator Unit Domestic water security Water quantity 1 Proportion of coverage area in piped water supply system (I11) % 2 Water consumption per capita (I12) l/c/d Water quality 3 Conforming to water quality standards (I13) % Economic water security Non-agriculture 4 Non-agricultural water productivity (I21) US$/m3 Agriculture 5 Agricultural water productivity (I22) US$/m3 Environmental water security Water pollution 6 Ratio of treated to total wastewater (I31) % Resource protection 7 Water-body health in the city (I32) 0-100 Water-related disaster Flood damage 8 Flood depth (I41) cm Rainfall variation 9 Deviation from normal rainfall (I42) mm Governance and management Coping Capacity 10 GPP per capita (I51) US$/ capita Water use efficiency 11 Leakage in water supply system (I52) % 12 Ratio of water reuse to total wastewater (I53) % Note: I = Indicator, WS= Water security
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Representation by a numerical value for interpreting the level of water security
Level of WSI Interpretation 1 water insecure 2 low water security 3 medium water security 4 high water security 5 very high water security
Scoring system from 1 to 5 following (AWDO, 2013)
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(Sathon, LatPhrao, Nong Chok, Bangkok Noi and Nong Kheam).
Western
Gulf of Thailand
Eastern
Study Area
(Land Development Department, 2009)
Bangkok Study Area: Bangkok
Eastern Western Whole city
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
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Overall WSI
1 2 3 4 5 Eastern Western Whole city
The overall water security of Bangkok
1 2 3 4 5 Eastern Western Whole city 1 2 3 4 5 Eastern Western Whole city
Economic water security of Bangkok 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
1 2 3 4 5 Eastern Western Whole city
Environmental water security of Bangkok
1 2 3 4 5 Eastern Western Whole city
Water-related disaster of Bangkok
1 2 3 4 5 Eastern Western Whole city
Governance and management of Bangkok
Domestic WS Economic WS Environmental WS Water-related disaster Governance & management
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Comparison of water security status at different spatial scales
WSI 2014
Whole city Eastern Western Sathon[E] Lat Phrao[E] Nong Chok[E] Bangkok Noi[W] Nong Kheam[W]
DW: Domestic WS EWS: Economic WS ENWS: Environmental WS WD: Water-related disaster GM: Governance & Management [E]: Eastern [W]: Western 1 2 3 4 5 EWS ENWS WD GM DWS 1 2 3 4 5
DWS EWS
ENWS WD GM 1 2 3 4 5 DWS EWS ENWS WD GM 1 2 3 4 5 DWS EWS ENWS WD GM
Eastern, Western and Whole city Eastern, Districts [E] and Whole city Western, Districts [W] and Whole city All of different spatial scales
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Comparison of water security status at different temporal scale
1 2 3 4 5 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Eastern area
1 2 3 4 5 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Western area
1 2 3 4 5 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Whole city
Overall WSI of Bangkok
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Project Title: Developing a Decision Support Tool to enhance sustainable water supply for industries in Thailand Duration: 2 years Core Team:
The main objective of this project is to develop a Decision Support Tool to enhance sustainable water supply for Japanese industries in Thailand. Specifically, the project will focus on the following:
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