A DESIGN FOR CIRCULARITY CASE STUDY: REPLACING PVC IN TEMPORARY - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

A DESIGN FOR CIRCULARITY CASE STUDY: REPLACING PVC IN TEMPORARY INFORMATION CARRIERS

gaert, Sophie Huysveld, Sophie Sfez, Sara Hubo, Martijn Roose, Steven De Meester and Jo Dewulf

INTRODUCTION

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CONTENT

̶̶Introduction of two concepts ̶̶Why PVC is an issue in mixed plastic waste ̶̶The case of temporary information carriers ̶̶Recyclable PP alternatives to PVC for temporary information carriers

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INTRODUCTION: TEMPORARY INFORMATION CARRIERS

̶̶Panels and barriers ̶̶Mostly indoor ̶̶Short lifetime ̶̶Printed ̶̶Competitive market

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INTRODUCTION: INDUSTRY PROPOSAL FOR ‘RECYCLABLE’ (2018)

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̶̶ industry proposes own defjnition of ‘recyclable’ ̶̶Vis-a-vis lack of defjnition in Plastics Strategy ̶̶Launched by Plastics Recycling Europe

Plastics must meet four conditions for a product to be considered recyclable:

• 1. The product must be made with a plastic that is collected for

recycling, has market value and/or is supported by a legislatively mandated program.

• 2. The product must be sorted and aggregated into defjned

streams for recycling processes.

• 3. The product can be processed and reclaimed/recycled with

WHY PVC IS AN ISSUE IN MIXED PLASTIC WASTE

̶̶PVC will dechlorinate, leading to HCl ̶̶In PVC production, this is countered by using stabilizers ̶̶In mixed plastic waste: ̶̶Often a ‘sink fraction’, which is PET- dominated ̶̶Overshoot of 100°C on PVC processing temperatures ̶̶Stabilizers do not reach PVC phase

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T ypical compostion of a post- consumer sink fraction.

THE CASE OF TEMPORARY INFORMATION CARRIERS

Current PVC information carriers are (not allowed in mixed plastic waste and therefore) going into mixed-waste-for-incineration. Can we replace PVC as a base material by a more sustainable alternative (which is recyclable) that is of equal quality?

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CASE LAYOUT (1)

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‘mono’ PP carriers were selected as an alternative, because:

̶̶Mechanical recycling of mono PP is well-established ̶̶There is a demand for rPP ̶̶Collection and recycling streams exist for PP (post-industrial) and MPO (post-consumer) ̶̶PP is not a problem in mixed plastic waste

Further boundary conditions to be fulfjlled:

̶̶Equal ease-of-use and printability as PVC ̶̶T echnical proof-of-recyclability required ̶̶Must be more sustainable (LCA) ̶̶Economically competitive

CASE LAYOUT (2)

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Closed loop Open loop

COMPOSITION

From FTIR and DSC: ‘mono’ PP isn’t quite true… ̶̶Both banners (11 m%) and panels (1 m%) are top-coated with PMMA (for printability) ̶̶What will efgect be on quality of recycling? Densities of 0.950 to 1.050 g/cm3 ̶̶Filled with talcum and/or CaC03  not expected to inhibit recycling, but afgects sorting routes (sink-fmoat)

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CLOSED LOOP RECYCLING: DE-INKING

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CLOSED AND OPEN LOOP RECYCLING: CONVERTING AND PROPERTIES

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‘as is’ injection moulding ‘as is’ extrusion ‘as is’ compression moulding De-inking + extrusion BR: banner recycled DI: De-inking Sheet = extruded Bar = injection moulded ISO test bar

LCA

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̶̶ n times (up to 5x) recycling, taking losses into account ̶̶Impact of all treatment steps ̶̶Compare also to cardboard for panels

• 1. Base scenario = PVC, to

incineration

• 2. PP base scenario
• 3. Cardboard, n=1 and n = 5
• 4. PP closed loop, n=1 and n = 5
• 5. PP open loop, 2 options, n=1 and n

= 5

LCA - PANELS

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USER EXPERIENCE TEST/ ECONOMICS

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Cost of purchase + printing + waste collection (€/m2) PVC PP cardbo ard Collected as mixed waste (incineration) Collected as mixed plastic waste (recycling) Collected as paper (recycling) Users (citizens) do not see the difgerence

CONCLUSIONS OF THE CASE

̶̶We can functionally replace PVC by PP as a temporary information carrier ̶̶The PP alternative is cheaper (and on equal footing with cardboard) ̶̶The PP alternative is more sustainable in all scenarios ̶̶The PP alternative can be recycled ̶̶Many other ‘small plastic waste streams’ are also PP  create local signifjcant volumes for collection and recycling as mono-PP, rather than mixed plastic waste

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

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• Prof. Kim Ragaert

Universiteit Gent – CPMT kim.ragaert@ugent.be cpmt.ugent.be capture-resources.be

ReDESign Recyclable, Sustainable and Functional Information Carriers Vlaanderen Circulair grant nr 2017-OC-SO 27