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A collaborative MOOC-Project by: A collaborative MOOC-Project by: - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
A collaborative MOOC-Project by: A collaborative MOOC-Project by: - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
A collaborative MOOC-Project by: A collaborative MOOC-Project by: part of the part of the Sustainable biopolymers Production, applications and future directions Lars M. Blank A collaborative MOOC-Project by: part of the Perspectives
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A collaborative MOOC-Project by: part of the
Lars M. Blank & Nick Wierckx
Perspectives concerning biopolymers
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Worldwide polymer/plastic production 2015 2017 2010
Adapted from Jambeck et al., Science 2015; Data origin: 1 Plastics Europe, „Plastics – The Facts 2013“; 2 Cozar et al., 2014; Erikson et als., 2014; 3 European Bioplastics, nova-Institute 2015; 4 Plastics Europe, „Plastics – The Facts 2016“; 5 European Bioplastics, nova-Institute 2017
6,350-245,000 t 2
estimated plastic waste floating at the ocean surface
393 Mt
global polymer production3
275 Mt
total plastic waste1
31.9 Mt
coastal mismanaged plastic waste
2.05 Mt
bio-plastic production5
322 Mt
global plastic production4
8 Mt
plastic waste goes into the see
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Sustainable biopolymers
- up-cycling of plastic waste
bacteria degrading fossil-based plastic and producing biodegradable plastic from monomers
- new bio-based polymers with higher performance and value
e.g. PLA and PHA
- bio-based drop-in polymers
à create “bio-versions” of existing monomers and polymers e.g. bio-PET and bio-PE
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From 30 % to 100 % bio-based PET
- currently, 13 – 30 % bio-based PET available
- main bottleneck: bio-TPA
source: Coca Cola Company, Danone
Nestlé & Danone
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Alternative: PEF – polyethylene furanoate
terephthalic acid (TPA) O O HO OH
- based on 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA)
- bio-based alternative to terephthalate
- PEF has better barrier properties than PET
- compatible with PET recycling (<5%)
FDCA O O HO OH O
www.synvina.com/products/pef/ source: Corbion, Synvina
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A collaborative MOOC-Project by: part of the
How did we get to bio-based FDCA?
FDCA
?
- via 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF)
- product of thermochemical treatment of cellulose-rich biomass
- common inhibitor in lignocellulosic hydrolysate
HMF O O HO OH O O HO O
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A collaborative MOOC-Project by: part of the
Search for HMF-degrading bacteria
- enrichment cultures
- isolate HMF-degrading bacteria from nature
- identified isolated bacteria
→ Cupriavidus basilensis HMF14
Wierckx et al. Microbial Biotechnol. 3:336-343. Patent WO2011026906
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Characterized HMF degradation pathway
- identified hmf genes
- characterized HMF pathway
→ intermediate: FDCA!
- HMF oxidase HmfH enables FDCA production
Koopman, Wierckx et al. Bioresource Technol. 101:6291-6296 Patent WO2011026913; WO2012064195
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Whole-cell biocatalyst
HmfH HMF HMF acid FDCA HMF hmfH FDCA endogenous dehydrogenases HmfH
- P. putida S12
- whole-cell biocatalyst
- cofactor integration
- easy enzyme production
- solvent-tolerant Pseudomonas putida
- reactive substrate
- H2O2 by-product
- versatile metabolism
- faster conversion due to dehydrogenases
O O HO OH O O O HO OH O O HO O O HO O O HO OH O
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A collaborative MOOC-Project by: part of the
Fed-batch conversion of HMF
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 30 60 90 120 150 biomass, HMF acid, FDCA (g/l) time (h)
FDCA biomass HMF acid
start HMF feed decrease C- source feed decrease HMF feed increase C- source feed
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Purify the product
boil centrifuge pH→0.5 extraction with THF biomass water Impurities impurities 99.4% pure FDCA
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Timeline: from bacterial isolation to purified product
- May 2007: collect soil and water samples
- Oct 2007: identified Cupriavidus basilensis
- Jun 2008: characterized HMF degradation route
- Nov 2008: constructed FDCA production host
- Patent applications
- Sep 2009: produced 1st 10 grams of pure FDCA
- Mar 2011: produced 1st 500 grams of pure FDCA
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A collaborative MOOC-Project by: part of the
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