4. Political Beliefs and Behavior 4.1 Processes By Which Citizens - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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4. Political Beliefs and Behavior 4.1 Processes By Which Citizens - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Mar 17, 2024 436 likes •1.16k views

4. Political Beliefs and Behavior 4.1 Processes By Which Citizens Learn About Politics 4.2 Political Participation 4.3 Public Opinion 4.4 Beliefs That Citizens Hold About Governments and Its Leaders 4.5 Political Culture 4.6

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  • 4. Political Beliefs and Behavior
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4.1 Processes By Which Citizens Learn About Politics
 4.2 Political Participation 
 4.3 Public Opinion

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4.4 Beliefs That Citizens Hold About Governments and Its Leaders
 4.5 Political Culture
 4.6 The Influence of Public Opinion on Political Leaders

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4.1. Processes By Which Citizens Learn About Politics

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Mass Media Religious Institutions Schools Workplace Community

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Some political cultures stress citizen involvement Others try to exclude participation by the masses

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4.2. Political Participation

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USCIS citizenship requirements:
 


  • 1. Reside in the U.S.
  • 2. Speak, read, write

English

  • 3. “Favorable

disposition”

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  • 4. Commitment to

Constitution

  • 5. Knowledge of

American government!

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Voting Factors:

  • Education
  • Income
  • Socioeconomic

status

  • Age
  • Political party

affiliation

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Party affliction affected by generation

  • Millennials tend to

be Democrats

  • Baby Boomers tend

to be Republican

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Party affliction affected by region North more industrialized South more agrarian

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Most significant influence is the individual’s family Party identification does not change much from youth

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The “normal vote” predicts the number of votes Democratic and Republican candidates will receive.
 Candidates can then predict where to concentrate their resources.

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Sociotropic voters
 Valence issues
 Issue salience
 Self-interest principle
 And some people don’t vote based on issues at all….

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Name recognition also influences vote

  • Eddie Murphy
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4.3. Public Opinion

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Beliefs – closely held ideas that support values & expectations about life & politics
 Attitudes – the preferences we form based on our experiences & values
 Beliefs and attitudes form

  • pinions that can be

measured.

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Theory of polling:
 
 Random selection
 
 Size of poll
 
 Variation 
 
 


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Types of opinion:
 Consensus
 Divided
 Bimodal
 Normal distribution
 Table distribution

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4.4. Beliefs That Citizens Hold About Government and Its Leaders

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Ideology changes more quickly than beliefs and values.
 
 Most Americans do not identify with a particular ideology.
 
 If they do, it is usually either Conservatism or Liberalism.

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Fascism Authoritarianism

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Capitalism: the people acquire wealth and keep the proceeds of their work (U.S.)
 
 Communism: common

  • wnership of property

and production controlled by the government (former U.S.S.R.)

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U.S. citizens have become less trusting

  • f governmental

institutions

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4.5 Political Culture

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Political culture can be defined as the shared attitudes of a people regarding a government

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Political socialization 
 The processes by which we are trained to understand and join a country’s political world
 Primary principles
 Structuring principles

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Diffuse support

  • High level of stability

in politics

  • Acceptance of the

government as legitimate

  • Common goal of

preserving the system

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Why don’t people vote?
 
 Elite theory Low political efficacy Decline in social capital Rational choice theory

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4.6. The Influence of Public Opinion on Political Leaders

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Horserace coverage – 
 The media calls out the candidate’s every move
 
 Bandwagon effect – the media pays attention to candidates who poll well early… which gives those candidates momentum

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The correlation between polling & elections is clearer than the correlation between polling & government officials.

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Exit polls – are the last polls taken by the media
 
 Controversial… do they convince people to stay home?

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