What We Talk About When We Talk About Bias Library Instruction West - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Welcome To What We Talk About When We Talk About Bias Library Instruction West 2018 Ryne Leuzinger rleuzinger@csumb.edu

• Bandwagon effect • Bias blind spot • Choice-supportive bias • Congruence bias • Contrast effect • Focusing effect Cognitive • Framing • Impact bias • Information bias Biases • Loss aversion • Neglect of probability • Omission bias • Planning fallacy • Unacceptability bias • Zero-risk bias Et al. . . .

3 What do these biases have in common? .

4 What do these biases have in common? They are influenced by culture and experience

5 What do these biases have in common? They are We are often influenced by unaware of them culture and experience

6 What do these biases have in common? They are We are often They can influenced by unaware of them interfere with our culture and ability to make experience objective, rational decisions .

7 There are multiple dimensions of bias . . . Bias in how Bias in Bias in how information teaching search tools sources are practices function constructed

8 Initial inspiration System 1 System 2 thinking thinking • Analytical • Intuitive • Deliberate • Experiential • Rational • Pattern recognition

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12 Why do cognitive biases matter within the context of information literacy instruction?

13 Session Outline Discussion of biases Introduction relevant to ILI 1:00 1:10 Ideas for Teaching Think / Pair / Share Strategies Questions 1:20 1:30 Wrap-up 1:40

14 Learning Outcomes • Attendees will gain a basic understanding of confirmation bias, anchoring bias and order effect bias as they relate to information literacy instruction. • Attendees will consider a variety of different strategies relevant to information literacy instruction that have been designed to diminish these biases and will strategically think about how these can be incorporated into their own teaching practice.

15 I’ve chosen a rule that some sequences of three numbers obey — and some do not. The sequence 2, 4, 8 obeys this rule. What is the rule that I have in mind?

16 The answer: Each number must be larger than the one before it We have a tendency to restrict the universe of possible questions to those that might potentially yield a “yes” and confirm our theory = confirmation bias

17 Conscious Unconscious Image credit: www.canadiangeographic.ca/

Looking for what you expect versus what you do not expect Confirmation Bias Pertains to how we search for information and how that information is evaluated

Relying too heavily on the first piece of information offered Anchoring when making decisions Bias Prevalent when people are dealing with new concepts

The temporal order in which information is presented affects our Order-Effect final judgment Bias Can be subdivided into Primacy and Recency Effects

There’s a lot that exists outside of our awareness . . .

26 Teaching strategies relevant to addressing cognitive biases in information literacy instruction 01 04 Red Flag Assumptive vs. Monitoring Non-assumptive Search Queries 02 05 Disfluency Consider the Opposite 03 06 Gamification Debiasing Search Interfaces

Red Flag Monitoring Strategies for monitoring one’s thought processes 3 column reading logs / research journals http://libguides.pierce.ctc.edu/content.php?pid=694804&sid=5765758

Consider the Opposite Considering plausible alternatives Supports a questioning, critical disposition in the evaluation of information sources Image credit; https://whitehatcrew.com/blog/laws-of-marketing-consider-the- opposite/

Gamification Teaching confirmation bias, anchoring bias, bias blind spot et al Identifying the presence of bias in different scenarios via Image credit: A Game Based Approach to Teaching Cognitive Biases (Richey, 2013) argumentation and voting

Assumptive vs. Non-Assumptive Consider Search Queries We have a tendency to “study gluten intolerance” formulate search queries in a way that triggers a predefined vs. answer “gluten intolerance cause and symptoms” Non-assumptive queries can lead to a change in belief via more comprehensive consideration

Disfluency Consider Visual clarity of text can unconsciously lead to re- Comic Sans Italicized evaluation of previously formed attitudes vs. Helvetica Can reduce confirmation bias via a higher degree of analytical processing of information

Debiasing Search Engines Adding information sources to “for” / “neutral” / “against” categories Reduced impact of some cognitive biases, improved decision outcomes -- users preferred debiasing interface Image Credit: Can Cognitive Biases during Consumer Health Information Searches Be Reduced to Improve Decision Making? (Lau and Coiera, 2009)

A Brief Quiz Pollev.com/calstatemb

34 Think / Pair / Share Questions Are there ways in which Do you have any you have already been ideas for additional explicitly addressing teaching strategies? cognitive biases in your teaching? Do you plan to What is a remaining implement any of the question that you strategies described have? What further today in your own research is needed in teaching? If so, what this area of might be some information literacy? challenges in doing so?

35 Think / Pair / Share Share those responses with 1 – 2 people sitting nearby T P S Share your thoughts Write down responses with the larger to questions on group handout

List of works cited: goo.gl/jJvbbH

What We Talk About When We Talk About Bias Library Instruction West - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Welcome To What We Talk About When We Talk About Bias Library Instruction West 2018 Ryne Leuzinger rleuzinger@csumb.edu Bandwagon effect Bias blind spot Choice-supportive bias Congruence bias Contrast effect Focusing

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