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2nd Grade
Biodiversity and Humans
2015-11-23 www.njctl.org
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· Biodiversity
Click on the topic to go to that section
· Types of Living Things · Living Things On Land · Living Things In The Water · Biodiversity and Humans · Ecosystems and Organisms
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Biodiversity
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Diversity
When something is diverse, that means it has a large variety or lots of different types of things. Which picture shows the largest variety of fruits/veggies? Click in the blue box to check your answer. This picture has the most different types of fruits/veggies. It has the highest diversity of the three pictures.
Slide 6 / 129 Diversity
Tulips are beautiful flowers that bloom in the spring. Circle the tulip field that has the highest diversity?
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Look at the following words: · Biology · Biography · Biotechnology What do all of these words have in common?
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Biology is the study of living things. A biography is the story of someone's life. Biotechnology is the use of living things to create useful products. What do you think "bio" means? Talk about it with a partner.
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Bio means life. If we combine bio with diversity, we get biodiversity. What do you think biodiversity means? Biodiversity is the variety of living things in an area.
Slide 10 / 129 Biodiversity
Which picture shows the highest biodiversity?
Slide 11 / 129 Biodiversity is Healthy
An area with higher biodiversity is healthier than an area with lower biodiversity. Look at the pictures below. Which is the healthiest area? Forest with one type of tree. Forest with many different trees.
Slide 12 / 129 The Earth Has An Abundance of Life!
Our planet has SO MANY organisms. We have not found them all yet! Everyday more organisms are
- discovered. Maybe one day you can discover a new
plant or animal! Click the leafy sea dragon to watch a video about 25 bizarre animals on Earth.
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1 "Bio" means A plants B animals C all living things D variety
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2 Which picture has the highest diversity of fruit? A B C
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3 Earth is healthy when there is low biodiversity. True False
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SLIDE 4 Slide 19 / 129 Slide 20 / 129 Biodiversity Collage
Earth has about 8.7 million living things on it! Use magazine pictures to create your
biodiversity of Earth.
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Types of Living Things
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Slide 22 / 129 Types of Living Things
Living things can be categorized by the way they get food. Some living things make their own food. Some living things find and eat their food. Some living things eat dead plants and animals.
Slide 23 / 129 Producers
Living things that make their own food are called
- producers. They use the sun to make (produce) their
- food. This group includes all plants.
Slide 24 / 129 Producers
Review: In what part of a producer is food made? Click in the box for a hint.
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4 Organisms are organized by ___. A what they look like B how they get their food C if they have wings
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5 Producers get food by A finding it. B making it themselves. C breaking down waste.
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6 An example of a producer is a ___. A cactus B sheep C tiger
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7 Plants make food in their ___. A roots B stems C flowers D leaves
Slide 29 / 129 Consumers
Living things that find food to eat are called
- consumers. They need to eat (consume) food.
Slide 30 / 129 Consumers
Consumers are organized by what they eat. Some consumers
Some consumers
Some consumers eat both plants and animals. What type of consumer are you?
SLIDE 6 Slide 31 / 129 Herbivores
Animals that only eat plants are called herbivores.
Slide 32 / 129 Omnivores
Animals that eat both plants and animals are called
Raccoons, warthogs and badgers eat fruit, bugs, and many
Slide 33 / 129 Carnivores
Animals that only eat meat from other animals are called carnivores.
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8 Which living thing is not a consumer? A butterfly B fish C tree D dog
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9 Manatees eat up to 50 kg of plants every day. Manatees are ___. A herbivores B carnivores C omnivores
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10 Tigers eat a variety of animals, such as deer, boar and water buffalo. Tigers are ___. A herbivores B carnivores C omnivores
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11 Crows can eat berries, insects and worms. Crows are ___. A herbivores B carnivores C omnivores
Slide 38 / 129 Decomposers
Some living things eat dead plants and animals. They are called
- decomposers. After other
- rganisms die, they break
down the remains. These mushrooms are decomposing an old log.
Slide 39 / 129 Decomposers
Worms, flies, fungi, mold and bacteria are some examples of decomposers.
Slide 40 / 129 Decomposers
Decomposers are very important! Imagine what the world would look like if all the dead plants and animals were not removed! Click on the picture to see a video of a watermelon decomposing.
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As decomposers break down the wastes, they turn it into nutrients in the soil. Decomposers create healthy
- soil. This helps to create healthy plants.
Decomposers
Earthworms are known for increasing soil health.
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12 Decomposers eat ___. A plants B animals C dead plants and animals
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13 Decomposers help to keep the soil healthy. True False
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Earthworms are decomposers that live in the soil. What type of soil do they like the best?
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Living Things On Land
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Slide 50 / 129 Living Things On Land
An ecosystem is an area where plants and animals live and interact with their environment. Earth is covered with lots of different types of land ecosystems.
Slide 51 / 129 Ecosystems and Organisms
Each ecosystem has producers, consumers and decomposers. Look at the pictures below. These organisms all live in the forest ecosystem. Label each as a producer, consumer or decomposer.
Slide 52 / 129 Producers on Land
On land, producers can be plants, trees and shrubs.
Slide 53 / 129 Consumers on Land
Consumers on land include a variety of animals that are herbivores, carnivores and omnivores.
Slide 54 / 129 Decomposers on Land
Decomposers on land include worms, bacteria and fungi.
SLIDE 10 Slide 55 / 129 Tropical Rainforest Ecosystem
The Tropical Rainforest Ecosystem is a warm, wet
- climate. It never gets cold enough to freeze. It can rain
as much as 2 meters every year!
Slide 56 / 129 Tropical Rainforest Ecosystem
Can you move the pictures into the correct column to show producers, consumers and decomposers? Organisms Producers Consumers Decomposers
Slide 57 / 129 Savanna Ecosystem
The Savanna Ecosystem is also a hot climate. It has periods of lots of rain, followed by many months of little or no rain. Most of the plants are grasses, with occasional trees.
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Can you move the pictures into the correct column to show producers, consumers and decomposers? Organisms Producers Consumers Decomposers
Slide 59 / 129 Desert Ecosystem
The Desert Ecosystem is a very dry ecosystem. There is very little rain. The temperatures changes from very hot during the day to cold at night. The desert ecosystem has low diversity.
Slide 60 / 129 Desert Ecosystem
Organisms Producers Consumers Decomposers Can you move the pictures into the correct column to show producers, consumers and decomposers?
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14 All ecosystems have producers, consumers and decomposers. True False
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15 All decomposers are mushrooms. True False
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16 A hot, dry ecosystem is the ___. A ocean B rainforest C desert
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Living Things In the Water
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Slide 69 / 129 Earth is Covered in Water
The land ecosystems that you learned about cover about 30% of the Earth's surface. If this is true, then how much of the Earth's surface is covered in water?
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About 70% of the Earth is covered in water. This includes all of the bodies of water that you learned about earlier in the year:
Earth is Covered in Water
Can you name two things about each body of water? Rivers Oceans Lakes/ ponds Glaciers
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Ecosystems that are located in or by the water are called aquatic ecosystems. Every aquatic ecosystem is filled with producers, consumers and decomposers. Can you guess which category each of these organisms fall into?
Aquatic Ecosystems
Giant kelp Shark Hagfish
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17 Which is not like the others? (Why?) A Pond B Sea C River D Lake
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18 Most of Earth is covered in land. True False
Slide 74 / 129 Aquatic Producers
Producers in aquatic ecosystems include a variety of plants and algae (seaweed). all of these organisms use the sunlight that reaches through the water to make their own food. Seagrass Red algae
Slide 75 / 129 Aquatic Plants
Aquatic plants live in the water. They have roots, stems and leaves like land plants. Water lilies have roots in the bottom soil and a stem that extends to the surface of the water where the leaves and flowers float.
Slide 76 / 129 Algae
Algae is also called seaweed. They lack the structures found in true plants. There are many types of algae. This algae is living
Giant kelp can grow to be 45 meters tall in the
Diatoms are algae that can
with a microcope.
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19 Aquatic plants are different from algae because they have roots, stems and leaves while algae do not. True False
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20 ___ need sunlight to make food. A Algae B Aquatic plants C Both A and B.
SLIDE 14 Slide 79 / 129 Aquatic Consumers
Herbivores, omnivores and carnivores are found in all aquatic ecosystems. What do aquatic herbivores eat? Algae and plants
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Aquatic carnivores eat other aquatic animals. Most fish are omnivores - they eat everything they can find.
Aquatic Consumers Slide 81 / 129 Aquatic Decomposers
˝ Aquatic decomposers include bacteria, fungi, worm, molluscs, and some fish and crustaceans. Lobsters and crabs (crustaceans) Clams (molluscs)
Slide 82 / 129 Ocean Ecosystem
Organisms Producers Consumers Decomposers Can you move the pictures into the correct column to show producers, consumers and decomposers?
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21 Click the picture to watch a video about sea cucumbers. What type of animal is this? A Producer B Consumer C Decomposer
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22 This triggerfish eats sea urchins, small crustraceans and
A Herbivore B Omnivore C Carnivore
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23 Which is an aquatic carnivore? A Shark B Algae C Sea Cucumber D Tiger
Slide 86 / 129 Slide 87 / 129 Slide 88 / 129 Slide 89 / 129 Slide 90 / 129 Living Things in Ecosystems Activity
All ecosystems have producer, consumers and
- decomposers. How do they affect each other?
Find out in this activity!
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Ecosystems and Organisms
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Slide 92 / 129 Ecosystems and Organisms
Earth's ecosystems are diverse. Each one has different producers, consumers and decomposers. The organisms that live in each ecosystem have traits that allow them to survive in that specific environment. This cactus lives in the very hot and dry desert
in this environment, it stores water in its thick stem.
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The arctic hare has white fur in the winter to blend in with the snow. In the summer, the hare has brown/grey fur to blend in with the ground. How does this trait help the arctic hare to survive in its ecosystem?
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Manta rays are large stingrays. They can grow to be 7 meters across! Instead of lungs, manta rays have gills. As water passes over the gills, oxygen is extracted from the water. What would happen to a manta ray if it were placed in a land ecosystem?
Slide 95 / 129 Camels Versus Polar Bears
Camels live in the desert ecosystem. Camels can go several days without food and
them to blend into the sand around them. They are able to keep cool in very hot temperatures.
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Polar bears live in the tundra ecosystem. Polar bears have two layers of fur and a thick layer of blubber to keep them warm in very cold
long claws to catch food and webbed feet to swim in the water.
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Would a camel survive in the arctic? How about a polar bear in the desert? What would happen to them? Discuss with your group.
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24 All organisms can live in any ecosystem. True False
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25 What type of living things are present in all ecosystems? A Producers B Consumers C Decomposers D All of the above.
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26 Would cacti and jackrabbits be able to survive in a snowy ecosystem? Yes No
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Different animals have different teeth depending on what type of food they eat. What type of teeth do you wish you had?
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Biodiversity and Humans
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Remember: biodiversity increases the health of an ecosystem. Can you think of an event that would decrease the biodiversity of an ecosystem? Use the pictures as clues.
Biodiversity Slide 108 / 129 Biodiversity and Natural Disasters
Natural disasters affect the biodiversity of ecosystems by destroying organisms' homes and food sources. Sometimes, organisms themselves are killed. This is the aftermath of a
- hurricane. How would the local
ecosystems have been affected?
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Humans also have an effect on biodiversity. When we conduct activities that destroy ecosystems, we lower the biodiversity of Earth. Can you think of any other ways that humans affect biodiversity? Oil Spill Air pollution Water pollution
Slide 110 / 129 Clearing Land
Sometimes, people clear an area of all trees in order to build homes or other buildings. Would this increase
biodiversity of this area? Why?
Slide 111 / 129 Clearing Land
Suppose that a forest is filled with a lot of different types of trees. Squirrels live in the trees and rely on the trees for food. Hawks also live in this forest and often catch squirrels for food. If humans cleared the forest of all the trees, how would this affect the squirrels and the hawks?
Slide 112 / 129 Hunting
Let's think about that same forest. Suppose that a group of hunters came to that forest and hunted all of the hawks. How would this affect the squirrels and trees?
Slide 113 / 129 Ecosystem Changes
Any time one change is made to an ecosystem, it affects all other organisms in that ecosystem! Can you think about what might happen if squirrels were removed from the forest?
Slide 114 / 129 Conservation
Although humans have caused a lot of biodiversity loss through our actions, we are also able to increase
- biodiversity. This is called conservation.
The Siberian tiger is currently endangered. Conservation efforts are helping to save this animal.
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Slide 115 / 129 Biodiversity and Conservation
In order to increase biodiversity, we first need to recognize how we are affecting the world around us. Next, we need to think creatively about solutions. Although humans have destroyed this habitat, what are some things we could do to improve it?
Slide 116 / 129 Cities
Cities are large areas where habitats have been removed to build structures for humans. Cities cause a loss in biodiversity. Can you think of any solutions that would help to fix this problem?
Slide 117 / 129 Roof Gardens
Some buildings have roof gardens that create new habitats for organisms. How do roof gardens affect biodiversity?
Slide 118 / 129 Wildlife Corridors
When humans build roads, they divide ecosystems in half. This can cause a loss in biodiversity. Can you think of a solution to this problem?
Slide 119 / 129 Wildlife Corridors
Many countries have built wildlife corridors. These are passages that travel over or under highways. This allows animals to cross from one side of an ecosystem to another without harm. How do these help to preserve biodiversity? Click the picture to see wildlife corridors from around the world.
Slide 120 / 129 Biodiversity and Conservation
Click below to watch a video about biodiversity and conservation.
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27 Many human activities affect biodiversity. True False
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28 When one part of an ecosystem is changed, how many
A Just the producers. B Just the consumers. C Nothing else is affected. D All parts are affected.
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29 Which of the following would increase biodiversity? A Hurricane B Roof garden C Clearing Land D Building highways
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30 After biodiversity is lost, there is nothing that can be done to increase it again. True False
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