1940s 2020 kg./cow/year 1953 21,691,000 milk cows in the United - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1940’s 2020 kg./cow/year

1953  21,691,000 milk cows in the United States  Average annual production was 5,542 pounds of milk  Total annual production was 120 billion pounds of milk  Farm milk price = $4.25 per hundred pounds

1950’s 2500 kg./cow/year

1983  Just over 11 million cows  Average annual production was 12,587 pounds of milk  Total annual production was 140 billion pounds of milk  Farm milk price = $13.67 per hundred pounds

From 1953 to 1983:  Milk production per cow more than doubled 2,600 kg to 5,700 kg  Slightly more than half as many cows 21 million to 11 million  Total production increased by 20 billion pounds  Farm milk price more than tripled

The Holstein Cow  Produces 93% of all the milk consumed in U.S.  Of the 9.12 million dairy cows in U.S., nearly 8.48 million are Holsteins.  A mature Holstein stands 58 inches (1.47m) tall at the shoulder and can weigh 1,500 Lbs (680Kg).

Reasons for Change  Management feeding & environment  Genetics Frozen semen progeny testing programs genomics  Technology accurate milk testing genetic evaluation programs

Reasons for Change  Management feeding & environment  Genetics Frozen semen progeny testing programs genomics  Technology accurate milk testing genetic evaluation programs

21 st Century 12000 kg./cow/year

U.S. Dairy Industry  Total production: 193 Bill Lb milk (87.7 Bill Kg)  62,500 dairy operations  9.12 million dairy cows  4.34 million cows on milk recording  2010 Averages of Holsteins in milk control:  10,539 Kg M; 385 Kg F; 327 Kg P  Averages of Registered Holsteins  11,606 Kg M; 425 Kg F; 349 Kg P

Top Ten States - 2010 Total Cows # 5 – ID # 6 – MN # 2 - WI 1,247,000 # 9 – MI 335,000 513,000 460,000 # 3 – NY 627,000 # 4 – PA 550,000 # 1 - CA # 8 – NM 1,813,000 342,000 # 7 – TX # 10 – OH 349,000 276,000 Source: DairyBusiness Magazine

Top Ten States - 2010 Total Milk Production (Million Kg) # 3 – ID # 6 – MN # 2 - WI 11,834 # 8 – MI 3,785 5,809 4,137 # 10 – WA 2,682 # 4 – NY 5,779 # 5 – PA 4,879 # 1 - CA # 9 – NM 18,356 3,582 # 7 – TX 4,012 Source: USDA

USA BREEDS on TEST AYRSHIRE BROWN GUERNSEY HOLSTEIN JERSEY MILKING SHORTHORN SWISS # COWS 4,878 12,775 5,422 3,776,761 225,111 1,758 on TEST MILK 15,474 18,635 15,377 23,187 16,611 13,757 FAT 607 756 696 841 781 480 PROTEIN 492 629 515 711 601 425 IN-BREEDING 6.38 6.69 7.17 5.74 7.05 5.91 CHANGE SCS -0.01 -0.05 0.00 -0.10 +0.02 0.00 SINCE 2005 CHANGE PL +0.08 +0.25 +0.25 +0.79 +0.36 +0.54 SINCE 2005 CHANGE DPR +0.01 +0.05 -0.48 +0.69 -0.06 -0.34 SINCE 2005

Holstein Association USA  World’s largest dairy cattle breed organization headquartered in Brattleboro, Vermont  Membership organization (30,000)  More than 22 million Holstein records contained in Association’s system  Files include animal ancestry, identity, ownership, and performance info

Association’s Mission  PROVIDE LEADERSHIP, INFORMATION AND SERVICES TO HELP MEMBERS AND DAIRY PRODUCERS WORLDWIDE BE SUCCESSFUL.

Day-to-day Business  Staff of 110 employees  80 in Brattleboro  30 Field staff throughout the country  Provide uniform assistance and services to dairy producers

Holstein Association Members  Over 8,000 Junior members.  Over 20,000 Adult members.

Structure and Organization  Members have provided direction and set policies for more than 120 years  Members select delegates among themselves by a voting process  Delegates vote on bylaws and policies  Delegates select President, Vice President and Board of Directors  Board of Directors determines policies and appoints committees and the Executive Secretary

Association’s Four Core Products and Services  Registry/Identification  Type Evaluation  Performance Products  Dairy Genetics Marketing

Registrations  On an average day, 1,500 registrations are received and processed at the Holstein Association by the 16-person registry staff.  Register for two additional USA Breed orginazations

Genotyping and Blood Typing  Holstein works with labs to complete all of our members’ genotyping.  The preferred method for genotyping is a hair sample.  Recessive testing  Genomic testing

Association’s Four Core Products and Services Type Evaluation  20 Classifiers plus six support staff in Brattleboro

Association’s Four Core Products and Services Performance Products

Association’s Four Core Products and Services Dairy Genetics Marketing  16 Field Reps  Active Export markets (U.S. Holstein genetics - females go to more than 50 countries)

One of Holstein USA’s Roles  Calculate official evaluations for TYPE  Calculate Total Performance Index – TPI  Combine Productive Life, Production Traits (Milk, Fat, Protein), Health Traits  Distribute genetic evaluations 3 times per year

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Have Selection Index Relate Directly to Farmer Profitability TPI – Total Performance Index 45% emphasis on Production Fat and Protein & part of PTAT 21% emphasis on Udder Health SCS, UDC & part of PTAT 21% emphasis on Early Breeding DPR, PL & DF 8% emphasis on Mobility FLC & part of PTAT 3% emphasis on Calving Ability Daughter Calving Ease & Stillbirth 2% emphasis on Body Size Part of PTAT

U.S. Cattle are Evaluated Under a Variety of Different Management Situations

Top TPI 100 Bulls per Country April 2010 CAN 1 USA 95 NLD 1 29

Where does the U.S. find the top genetics?

Holstein Country and Production Averages NETHERLANDS AUSTRALIA GERMANY ITALY CANADA USA USA Reg Holsteins # of Holstein 1.07 2.24 1.45 1.12 0.92 8.48 1.60 Cows (million) KG MILK 7,087 8,923 9,125 8,832 9,615 10,539 11,606 KG Fat 278 359 338 375 361 385 425 KG PROTEIN 232 299 307 305 298 327 349

Breeding Philosophies  USA : Production then Type, Health and Longevity Comments: Focus on profitability Proven around the world  Canada : Type then Production Comments: not enough emphasis on production  NLD : Production and Components %F, % P Comments: Not enough emphasis on type

Timeline for Genomic Testing  1992 Dairy DNA repository began  2004 cattle genome sequenced  2007 May 58,000 SNP selected  2008 Preliminary genomic predictions  2009 January official genomic predictions  2010 3k & High Density (750,000) chips

Reliability Gain by Breed TRAIT HOLSTEIN JERSEY BROWN SWISS NET 23 9 3 MERIT MILK 23 11 0 FAT 33 15 5 PROTEIN 22 4 1 % FAT 43 41 10 % PROTEIN 34 29 5 PARENT 35 35 35 AVERAGE

Genomic tested by breed  Holstein 112,042  Jersey 13,138  Brown Swiss 2,408

Summary  Internationally recognized as the world’s most profitable breed for its balance between production and type  Largest genetic base and progeny test program in the world produces more top bulls  1,400 bulls/year are progeny tested  Holstein Association USA is recognized as “the source” of reliable and unbiased information  No conflict of interest  Responsible for the success or failure of the breed

Summary  Product Advantage  Higher Total Product Value  Milk, Fat, Protein  World’s Largest Dairy Cattle Population  Genetic Evaluations in Different Environment/Climates  Top Genetics  Predicted Profitability Potential  Reliable Milk Control System  Consumer Promise  Higher Production with a more functional and durable animal

THANK YOU Visit us at www.holsteinusa.com