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10/16/19 THE INTERSECTION OF INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE & CHILD ABUSE Jacqueline M. Baugh, Ph.D., M.S., M.B.A., R.N. National Domestic Violence Expert, Advocate, Author and Educator 1 DEDICATION TO MY BELOVED DAUGHTER AT AT


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SLIDE 1

10/16/19 1

THE INTERSECTION OF INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE & CHILD ABUSE

Jacqueline

  • M. Baugh,

Ph.D., M.S., M.B.A., R.N. National Domestic Violence Expert, Advocate, Author and Educator

1

DEDICATION TO MY BELOVED DAUGHTER

AT AT 13 YEARS YOUNG YOU WITNESSED THE MOST HORRIFYING EVENT THAT AT HAS FO FOREVER CH CHANGE GED THE LENS IN WHICH CH YOU VIEW THE WORLD. D. TO TO TH THE YO YOUN UNG WOMA MAN WHO WORKS DA DAILY TO TO MA MAINTAIN BALANCE CE IN A WORLD WH WHERE VIOLENCE IS UNPRECENDENT. TO TO TH THE PERSON WHOM I WAS BLESSED TO TO GI GIVE LIFE AND FOR TH THE FORGI GIVENESS YO YOU HAVE SHOWN TO TOWARDS ME ME IN TH THE YE YEARS FOLLOWING, WHEN I HAVE ST STRUGGLED TO FO FORGIVE MYSE SELF. F. TO TO A LOVING GO GOD WHO HAS SHOWN ME MERCY, CY, GR GRACE CE AND HAS GI GIVEN US US STR TRENGTH GTH TO TO SHARE OUR UR JOUR URNEY TH THAT OTH THERS MA MAY SEE HOPE. TO TO TH THE WOMA MAN I CA CALL MY MY DA DAUGH UGHTE TER, FRIEND AND FELLOW SUR URVIVOR SISTE

  • TER. MY

MY GR GREATE TEST ACCO CCOMPLISHMENT, YOU ARE A TR TRUE UE WARRIOR!

2 “We are

  • nly

as happy as

  • ur

saddest child.”

  • Beth

Moore

3

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SLIDE 2

10/16/19 2

OUR JOURNEY THROUGH IPV AND CHILD ABUSE

§ JU JULY 5, 2009, I LEFT FT MY MARRIAGE GE IN AN AN AM AMBULAN ANCE ON LIFE SUPPORT § MY MY DAUG UGHTE TER AT 13 YE YEARS YO YOUN UNG CA CALLED 911 AS I LAY LIFE FELESS ON TH THE FL FLOOR IN A POOL OF BLOOD, D, UN UNCO CONSCI CIOUS US, AND BROKEN. § OU OUR STORY ORY OF OF ABUSE AND THE AF AFTERMATH OF SURVIVAL AL IS A GIFT TH THAT WE SHARE TO TO HELP OTH THERS BEC BECOME SURVI VIVORS. . § FR FROM 2004-2009 2009 MY MY DAUG UGHTE TER SU SUFFE FFERED THE COLLATERAL DAMAGE OF OF THE ABUSE SHE WITNESSED § TH THIS IS OUR UR STO TORY

4

DEFINITION OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

Fo For purposes

  • f

the he Batterer Int ntervent ntion St Stand ndards for the he St State

  • f

Michi higan Do Dome mestic violenc nce is define ned as follows: “D “Domest stic Viole lence is a pattern

  • f

controlli lling behaviors, s, so some

  • f

which are criminal, l, th that incl cludes but is not limite ted to to physica cal assaults ts, sexu xual assaults ts, emoti tional abuse, is isolatio ion, economic ic coercio ion, threats, stalkin ing and in intim imid idatio

  • ion. These

behavio iors are us used by the batterer in an effort to control the intimate

  • partner. The

behavior may be di directed at

  • thers

with the effect

  • f

controlling the intimate par artner.” Ba Batter erer er Interven ervention Stan andar dards ds for the State

  • f

Michigan gan, Sec ection 4.1 .1.

5

REASONS ABUSERS NEED TO CONTROL

§ An Anger management issues (Discussion regarding An Anger Management) § Je Jealousy § Lo Low self-es esteem eem § Fe Feeling ng inf nferior § Cu Cultural beliefs they have the right to control their partner § Pe Personality disorder (Narcissism)

  • r

psychological disorder § Le Learned behavior from growing up in a family where domestic violence was accepted § Al Alcohol and drugs, as an impaired individual may be less likely to control violent im impulses

6

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SLIDE 3

10/16/19 3

ACCORDING TO HUECKER & SMOCK (2019)

§ Fa Family and domestic violence (including child abuse, intimate partner abuse, and elder abuse) is a common problem in th the Unite ted Sta tate

  • tes. Family

and domesti tic health th violence are esti timate ted to to affect 10 million people in th the Unite ted Sta tate tes ev ever ery yea

  • ear. It

is a national public hea ealth problem em, and virtually all hea ealthcare profes essionals will at some point ev evaluate

  • r

tr treat a pati tient who is a victi tim of some form of domesti tic

  • r

family violence.] § Un Unfortunately, each form of family violence begets interrelated forms

  • f

violence, and the "cycle

  • f

abuse" is

  • ften

co continued from ex exposed ed children en into thei eir adult rel elationships, , and finally to to th the care

  • f

th the elderly. § Do Domestic and family violence include a range

  • f

abuse including economic, physical, sexual, emotional, and ps psychological toward children, adults, and elders. § In Intimate partner violence includes st stalking, se sexual and physi sical violence, and psy sychological aggressi ssion by a current

  • r

fo former

  • partner. In the

United States, as many as on

  • ne

in fou

  • ur

wom

  • men and on
  • ne

in nine men are victims

  • f
  • f

dom

  • mestic

vi

  • violence. Domestic

vi violence is thought to be

  • underreported. Domestic

vi violence affects the vi victim, families, co-wo workers, an and community. It cau auses di diminished psychological and physical health, de decreases the quality

  • f

life, and results in de decreased produ ductivity. § Th The national economic cost

  • f

domestic and family violence is estimated to be

  • ver

12 billion dollars per

  • year. Th

The nu numbers

  • f

ind ndividuals affected is expected to rise

  • ver

the ne next 20 years with the inc ncrease in the elderly population. n. § Do Domestic and family violence is difficult to identify, and many cases go unreported to health professionals

  • r

legal au

  • authorities. Due

to the preval alence in our society, al all heal althcar are professional als, including psychologists, nurses, ph pharmacists, dentists, ph physician assistants, nurse pr practitioners, and ph physicians will at some po point evaluate and po possibly tr treat a victi tim or perpetr trato tor

  • f

domesti tic

  • r

family violence.

7

NATIONAL COALITION AGAINST DOMESTIC VIOLENCE (NCDAV) STATISTICS 2018

§ In In the United States, an average

  • f

20 people le experience intimate partner physical vi violen ence every every m minute. e. § Thi This equates to mo more tha han 10 10 mi million abuse victims ms annu nnually. § 1: 1:4 wo wome men and 1: 1:9 me men experience severe intima mate partner phy hysical violence, in intim imate partner contact sexual vio iolence, and/or in intim imate partner stalkin ing wit ith im impacts such as in injury, fearfulness, posttraumatic ic stress dis isorder, use

  • f

vic ictim im se services, s, c contraction

  • f

se sexually t transm smitted d dise sease ses, s, e etc.

8

ADDITIONAL STATISTICAL DATA

§ Fa Family and domes estic violen ence (including child abuse, e, intimate part rtner er abuse, e, and el elder er abuse) e) is a co commo mmon problem in the he Un United

  • States. Fami

mily and dome mestic he health violence ce are estima mated to affect ct 10 mi million people in the he Un United States every year

  • ar. It

is a national al public he heal alth problem, m, an and virtual ally al all he heal althcar hcare professional als will at some me point eval aluate

  • r

treat a patient who ho is a vict ctim

  • f

some me form

  • f

do domestic

  • r

family violence. § Un Unfortunately, each ach form

  • f

fami amily violence ce begets interrelated forms ms

  • f

violence ce, an and the he "cy cycl cle

  • f

ab abuse" is

  • ften

continued from exposed chi hildren into the heir ad adult relationshi hips, an and final ally to to th the care

  • f

th the elderly. § Do Domestic and nd family violenc nce inc nclude a rang nge

  • f

abuse inc ncluding ng econo nomic, physical, sexual, emotiona nal, an and psycho hological al towar ard chi hildren, ad adults, an and elders. § Int Intimate partne ner violenc nce inc ncludes st stalking, se sexual and physi ysical violence, and psyc sychological aggressi ssion by by a current

  • r

former

  • partner. In

the United States, s, as many as on

  • ne

in fou

  • ur

wom

  • men

and

  • n
  • ne

in nine men ar are victims ms

  • f

dome mestic

  • violence. Dome

mestic violence is tho hought ht to be

  • underreported. Dome

mestic violence af affects the he victim, m, fami amilies, co-wo workers, s, and community.

  • y. It

cause ses di diminished psychological and physical he heal alth, h, decr creas ases the he qual ality

  • f

life, an and results in decr creas ased product ctivity. § Th The national economic cost

  • f

do domestic and family violence is estimated to be

  • ver

12 billion do dollars per ye

  • year. The

numbe bers

  • f

individuals affected is expected to rise se

  • ver

the next 20 ye years wi with the increase se in th the elderly populati tion. § Do Domestic and nd family violenc nce is difficult to ident ntify, and nd many ny cases go unr nreported to health pr profe

  • fession
  • nals
  • r
  • r

legal author

  • rities. Due

to the pr preva valence in

  • u
  • ur

soc

  • ciety,

all healthcare pr profe

  • fession
  • nals,

in inclu ludin ing psycholo logis ists, nurses, pharmacis ists, dentis ists, physic icia ian assis istants, nurse practit itio ioners, and ph physicians will at som

  • me

poi point eva valuate and pos possibly treat a vi victim

  • r
  • r

pe perpe petrator

  • r
  • f
  • f

dom

  • mestic
  • r
  • r

fa family vi violence.

9

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SLIDE 4

10/16/19 4

NATIONAL COALITION AGAINST DOMESTIC VIOLENCE (NCDAV) STATISTICS 2018

§ 1: 1:3 wo wome men and 1: 1:4 me men ha have experienced some me form

  • f

phy hysical violence by an in intim imate partner. § 1: 1:7 wo wome men and 1: 1:25 25 me men ha have been injur ured by an intima mate partner. § 1: 1:10 10 wo wome men ha have been raped by an intima mate

  • partner. Data

is un unavailable

  • n

ma male vi victims. § 1: 1:7 wo wome men and 1: 1:18 me men ha have been

  • stalked. Stalking

caus uses the he target to fear sh she/he/they

  • r

so someone c close se t to h her/him/them w will b be h harmed

  • r

k killed.

10

NATIONAL COALITION AGAINST DOMESTIC VIOLENCE (NCDAV) STATISTICS 2018

§ On On a typical day, domestic violence hotlines nationwide receive

  • ver

20,0 ,000 calls. § An An abuser’s acce ccess to to a firearm incr creases th the risk

  • f

inti timate te partn tner femici cide by 400% 400%. § In Intimate partner viole lence accounts for 15%

  • f

all ll viole lent crimes. § In Intimate partner viole lence is most common against women between the ages

  • f

18- 24. 24. § 19 19%

  • f

intimate partner violence involves a weapon.

11

NCDAV: HOMOCIDE RATES

§ 1: 1:3 fema male mur murder victims ms and 1: 1:20 20 ma male mur murder victims ms are killed by intima mate pa partners. § A A study

  • f

intimate partner homicides found 20%

  • f

victims were family members

  • r

fri frien ends

  • f

t the a abused ed p part rtner, er, n nei eigh ghbors rs, p pers ersons w who i interven ervened ed, l law en enforcem emen ent re responders,

  • r

bystanders. § 72% 72%

  • f

all mur murder-su suicides a are p perpetrated b by i intimate p partners. s. § 94% 94%

  • f

mur murder-su suicide v victims a are f female.

12

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SLIDE 5

10/16/19 5

NCADV: EFFECTS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

§ Vi Victims

  • f

intimate par artner er violen ence ar are at increas eased ed risk

  • f

contrac acting HI HIV

  • r
  • ther

er ST STI’s due to forced intercourse and/or prolonged exposure to stress. § In Intimate partner victimization is correla lated with a higher rate

  • f

depression and su suicidal b behavior. § On Only 34%

  • f

people who are injured by intimate partners receive medical care for th their injuries

13

COST OF INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE

§ Vi Victims

  • f

intimate par artner er violen ence lose a total al

  • f

8,000,000 million day days

  • f

pai aid wo work each year, the equi uivalent

  • f

32, 32,000 000 ful ull-ti time jobs. § In Intimate partner viole lence is estimated to cost the US economy between $5.8 billi llion an and $12.6 .6 billion an annual ally, up to 0.1 .125%

  • f

the national al gr gross do domes estic produ duct. § Bet Between een 21-60% 60%

  • f

victims ms

  • f

intima mate partner violence lose the heir jobs due ue to re reasons stemming fro rom the abuse. § Bet Between een 2003 an and 2008, 142 women en wer ere murder dered ed in thei eir work rkplac ace by form rmer er

  • r

cu current inti timate te partn

  • tners. This

amou

  • unts

ts to to 22%

  • f
  • f

wor

  • rkp

kplace ce hom

  • mici

cides amon

  • ng

wo women,

14

INTIMATE PARTNER STATISTICS

§

§ On On average, 24 people per minute are victims

  • f

rape, physical violence

  • r

stalking by an in intim imate partner in in the Unit ited States — mo more than 12 mi million wome men and me men

  • ver

the co course

  • f

a year. § Ne Nearly 3:10 wo women (29%) and 1:10 men (10%) in the US have experienced rape, physical vi violence and/or stalking by a partner and report a related impact

  • n

their< functioning. § Ne Nearly, 15% of wo women (14.8%) and 4% of men have been injured as a result

  • f

IPV that in inclu luded rape, physic ical vio iole lence and/or stalk lkin ing by an in intim imate partner in in their ir lif lifetim ime. § 1: 1:4 wom

  • men

(24. 24.3% 3%) and 1: 1:7 men (13. 3.8% 8%) aged 18 and

  • l
  • lder

in the United States have been th the victi tim of severe physical violence by an inti timate te partn tner in th their lifeti time. § IP IPV alone affects more than 12 million people each year. § Mo More than 1:3 women (35.6%) and more than 1 in 4 men (28.5%) in the United States have ex exper erien enced ed rape, e, physical violen ence and/or stalking by an intimate partner er in thei eir lifet etime. e. § Ne Nearly half

  • f

all wo women and men in the United States have experienced psychological ag aggression by an an intimate par artner in the heir lifetime (48.4% an and 48.8%, respectively).

15

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SLIDE 6

10/16/19 6

INTIMATE PARTNER STATISTICS CONTINUED

§ Fe Females ages 18 to 24 and nd 25 to 34 gene nerally experienc nced the he hi highe hest rates

  • f

in intim imate partner vio iolence. § Fr From 1994 to 2010, about 4 in 5 victims

  • f

int ntimate partne ner violenc nce were female. § Mo Most fema male victims ms

  • f

intima mate partner violence we were previously victimi mized by the he sa same

  • ffender,

i including 7 77%

  • f

f females a ages 1 18 t to 2 24, 7 76%

  • f

f females a ages 2 25 t to 34, 34, and 81% 1%

  • f

fema males ages 35 35 to 49. 49.

16

DEFINITION OF CHILD ABUSE

The The term "chi hild abuse" can be define ned as any ny beha havior directed towa ward a chi hild by a pa parent, guardian, care giver,

  • ther

family member,

  • r
  • ther

adult, that endangers

  • r

im impair irs a chil ild’s physic ical

  • r

emotio ional health and development. Wh While child abuse and neglect affect all segments

  • f

society and know no so socioeconomic, c cultural, e ethnic,

  • r

r religious b boundaries, s, i included a among t the f factors wh which

  • ften

contribut ute to child abus use are alcohol and sub ubstance abus use, lack

  • f

pa parenting skills, economic difficulties

  • r

po poverty, domestic violence and pr previous vi victimization. Chi Child abuse inc ncludes four ma major categories: phy hysical abuse, sexual abuse, emo motiona nal ab abuse, e, an and negl eglec ect.

17

IPV IS A LEARNED BEHAVIOR OFTEN RESULTING FROM CHILD ABUSE

§ Chi Childho hood abuse is commo mmonl nly associated with becomi ming ng a perpetrator

  • f

dome mestic vi violen ence a as a an a adult. . § Chi Children who ho are victims ms

  • r

witne ness dome mestic and nd fami mily violenc nce ma may believe th that vi violen ence i is a a r rea easonable w way t to r res esolve ve a a c confl flict. . § Ma Males who who learn tha hat fema males are not equally respected are mo more likely to abuse fem females es i in a adulthood. . § Fe Females who ho witne ness domestic violenc nce as chi hildren are more likely to be victimized by by their spou

  • uses. While

females are

  • f
  • ften

the victim

  • f
  • f

dom

  • mestic

viol

  • lence,

the ge gender roles can be reversed. § Do Domi mina nation ma may inc nclude emo motiona nal, phy hysical,

  • r

sexual abuse tha hat ma may be caused by by an interaction

  • n
  • f
  • f

situation

  • nal

and individual factor

  • rs. This

means the abu buser learns vi violen ent b beh ehavi vior fr from t thei eir fa family, c community,

  • r

c

  • culture. T
  • e. They

ey s see ee vi violen ence a and a are vi victims

  • f

vi violen ence. e.

18

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SLIDE 7

10/16/19 7

CHILD ABUSE STATISTICS RELATIVE TO IPV

§ A A child witnessed violence in 22% (nearly 1 in 4) )

  • f

intimate partner violence cases fi filed ed i in s state c court rts. § 30 30 to 60% 60%

  • f

perpetrators

  • f

intima mate partner violence also abus use chi hildren in the he ho househo hold. § The There is a commo mmon link nk betwe ween dome mestic violenc nce and nd chi hild

  • abuse. Amo

mong ng victims ms

  • f
  • f

ch child abu buse, 40% repor

  • rt

dom

  • mestic

viol

  • lence

ce in the hom

  • me

(f (from

  • m

a WORLD REPORT). § On One study in North America found that children who were exposed to violence in the ho home me were 15 time mes mo more likely to be phy hysically and nd/or sexually assaulted tha han the he na nationa nal average. § The The U. U.S. Advisory Board

  • n

Chi Child Abuse and nd Neglect suggests tha hat dome mestic vi violen ence m may b be t the s singl gle m major p prec ecurs rsor t to c child a abuse a and n negl eglec ect fa fatalities es i in th this co countr try.

19

TEEN ABUSE STATISTICS

§ 1: 1:3 (36% 36%) dating col

  • llege

students has given a dating partner their com

  • mputer,

email,

  • r
  • r

soc

  • cial

ne network passwords and nd these student nts are more likely to experienc nce digital dating ng abuse. § 1: 1:5 col

  • llege

wom

  • men

has been verbally abused by a dating partner. § 1: 1:6 (16% 6%) col

  • llege

wom

  • men

has been sexually abused in a dating relation

  • nship.

§ 1: 1:4 dating teens is abused

  • r
  • r

harassed

  • n
  • nline
  • r
  • r

throu

  • ugh

texts by their partners. § Vi Victims

  • f

digital abuse and harassment are 2 times as likely to be physically abused, 2.5 ti times as likely to to be psychologically abused, and 5 ti times as likely to to be sexually coerced. § Ne Nearly 1:10 teens in relationships report to having a partner tamper wi with their social ne networking ng account nt (the most frequent nt form of harassment nt

  • r

abuse). § On Only 1:5 victims say they experienced digital abuse

  • r

harassment at school and during sc school hours (most st takes place away from sc school grounds) s).

20

TEEN ABUSE STATISTICS

§ Ab About 84%

  • f

victi ctims are psych chologica cally abused by th their partn tners, half are ph physically abused, and

  • ne-th

third exp xperience ces sexu xual co coerci cion. § On Only 4% experience digital abuse and harassment

  • alone. So

social media, texts, an and e-ma mails don’ n’t seem to inv nvite ne new abuse, the hey just provide abusive partne ners with a a new tool. § In In a nationwide survey, 9.4%

  • f

high school students report being hit, sla lapped,

  • r

ph physically hurt

  • n

pu purpo pose by their boyfriend

  • r

girlfriend in the 12 months pr prior to th the survey. § Ab About 1:5 women and nearly 1:7 men who ever exp xperience ced rape, physica cal violence ce, an and/o d/or stal alking by an an intimate par artner er, first ex exper erien enced ed some form

  • f

par artner er vi violen ence b bet etween een 1 11 a and 1 17 y yea ears rs

  • f

a age. e. § Mo More tha han a quarter

  • f

ma male victims ms

  • f

comp mpleted rape (28% 28%) we were first raped whe when th they were 10 years

  • ld
  • r

younger (by any perpetr trato tor). ).

21

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SLIDE 8

10/16/19 8

TEEN ABUSE STATISTICS

§ Ab About 35% of women who were raped as minors also were raped as adults compared to 14%

  • f
  • f

wom

  • men

withou

  • ut

an early rape pe histor

  • ry.

§ Mo Most female victims

  • f

completed rape (79.6%) experienced their first rape before the age

  • f

25. 25. § 42. 42.2% 2% experienced their first com

  • mpleted

rape befor

  • re

the age

  • f
  • f

18 years. § 1: 1:10 10 high school

  • ol

students has experienced physical viol

  • lence

from

  • m a

dating partner in the past ye year. § Mo Most female and male victims

  • f

rape, physical violence, and/or stalking by an intimate pa partner (69% of

  • f

female victims, 53% of

  • f

male victims) expe perienced som

  • me

for

  • rm of
  • f

intimate pa partner viol

  • lence

for

  • r

the first time befor

  • re

25 years

  • f
  • f

age. § 43% 43% of

  • f

dating col

  • llege

wom

  • men

repor

  • rt

experiencing viol

  • lent

and abusive dating behavior

  • rs

in inclu ludin ing physic ical, l, sexual, l, tech, verbal

  • r

controllin lling abuse, § Ne Nearly 1:3 (29%) college wo women say they have been in an abusive dating relationship.

22

WHY DO PEOPLE ABUSE?

DO DOMESTI TIC VIOLENCE CE AND ABUS USE STE TEM FR FROM A DE DESIRE TO TO GA GAIN AND MAINTAIN PO POWER ER AND CONTROL OVER VER AN INTIMATE PARTNER ER. AB ABUSIVE PEOPLE BELIEVE THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO CONTROL AN AND RESTRICT THEIR PA PARTNERS, AND THEY MAY ENJOY THE FEELING THAT EXERTING POWER GIVES THEM. TH THEY OFTE TEN BELIEVE TH THAT TH THEIR OWN FEELINGS GS AND NEEDS DS SHOUL ULD BE TH THE PR PRIORITY IN THEI HEIR REL ELATIONSHI HIPS PS, SO THEY HEY USE ABU BUSIVE VE TACTICS TO DISMANTLE EQ EQUALITY AND MAKE KE THEI HEIR PARTNER ERS FEEL EEL LES ESS VALUABL BLE AND DES ESER ERVI VING OF RE RESPECT IN THE RE RELATION ONSHIP.

23

PREDICTING THE IMPACT OF IPV ON CHILDREN

§ Pr Predi dicting the Impac act

  • f

IPV PV

  • n

childr dren § Ho How ar are childr dren edu ducated/s d/supported § Ho How to break ak the cycle § Re Review

  • f

data related to IPV and ch children § Fu Future Risks, i.e. Promiscuity, Su Substanc nce Ab Abuse, IPV, “In tr trouble with th th the law”

24

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SLIDE 9

10/16/19 9

SOCIETAL PERCEPTION OF IPV AND THE INTERSECTION OF CHILD ABUSE

§ So Societal Perception

  • f

IPV and the unseen abu buse towards children § Ar Are we reco cognizi zing th the effects cts

  • f

IPV

  • n

ch children who bear witn tness to to IPV? § Su Supervised Parenting Time as a Tool to St Stalk § AC ACEs

25

CASE DISCUSSION

§ Cu Current nt Ca Case in Michigan § Sy System Gaps from the first report § Ch Child Ab Abuse and nd Ad Addressing ng Is Issues with the Prosecuting ng At Attorne ney-Sy System Failures § Ch Child Psychologist and nd Relations nship with Ab Abuser § Su Supervised P Parenting T Time F Failure § Ch Child’s Be Behavior § Mo Mother’s Ongoing Fear

  • f

Harm § Ch Child Cu Custody when IP IPV exists § Re Re-Vi Victimi mization

  • f

Chi hild thr hrough nume merous Court Order Psych Ev Eval aluations, 3 Counselors, 4 Par arenting Su Supervisors § Cl Claims

  • f

Parent ntal Al Aliena nation § CP CPS Inv Involvement nt-Sy Systematic Gaps and Failures

26

RECOGNIZING THE SIGNS OF IPV AND CHILD ABUSE

§ Ho How an and when to report saf afely § Wh Who do you report to? § Wh What is imperative to include in a Report? § Wh What are the Risks? § Wh What is the Institutional Plan Once a Victim Breaks their Silence? § Ho How to find Resources an and Create a Saf afety Pl Plan an § Kn Knowing your Community-La Law Enforcement, CPS, Medical teams, County st standards, s, L Legisl slatures, s, S School O Officials, s, S Shelters

27

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SLIDE 10

10/16/19 10

THE AFTERMATH OF IPV AND CHILD ABUSE

§ Lo Long Term Sequ quelae to Children who witness IPV § Si Signs and Sym ymptoms § Beh Behavi avioral al Issues es § He Heal alth Assessment

  • Chr

Chroni nic Co Comp mplaint nts § In Interpersonal reactions with sibli lings and

  • ther

family ly members § Wh Who is their “safe” person? § Wh What follow up is available at your Organization § Re Relationships ps with Abuser, Victim and Mental Health Providers

28

IPV AFFECTS ON CHILDREN

Do Dome mestic violenc nce affects no not

  • nl

nly wome men who ho are ab abused ed by thei eir intimate par artner ers but al also childr dren en li living with these adult lts. In In fact, most people le assume that adult lt women are th the primary residents ts

  • f

batte ttered women’s shelte ters bu but

  • v
  • ver

half

  • f
  • f

the residents

  • f
  • f

ba battered wom

  • men’s

sh shelters i in t the U United S States a are a actually c children (Na (Nation

  • nal

Ne Networ

  • rk

to End Dom

  • mestic

Viol

  • lence,

2010) 2010). The The presenc nce

  • f

so ma many ny chi hildren argues for gr grea eater er a atten ention t to t thei eir n need eeds.

29

CO-OCCURRENCE OF EXPOSURE TO IPV & CHILD MALTREATMENT

§ 60% 60% to 75% 75%

  • f

fami milies wi with abus used wo wome men ha have chi hildren who who are also abus used. The These chi hildren are mo more likely to ha have subsequent nt problems ms parent nting ng and nd to ma maltreat the heir

  • wn

chi hildren. n. § In In addition to these direct consequences

  • f

child ldren’s exposure to IP IPV, there is als lso evi eviden ence t that I IPV i in t the h home c can an a atten enuate p positive ve effec effects

  • f

a a s spec ecifi fic n nurs rse ho home me-vi visiting p progr gram f for fi firs rst-ti time moth thers (th the Nurse Family Partn tnership), ),

  • t
  • therwise

show

  • wn

to be be effect ctive in reduci cing ch child maltreatment. § The These ne negative effects ma may cont ntinu nue int nto adultho hood and nd become me part

  • f

an in intergeneratio ional cycle

  • f

vio iolence. § In In addition, child ldren exposed to IP IPV are more li likely ly to experience viole lent dating and in intim imate relatio ionship ips as adults (eit ither as vic ictim ims

  • r

perpetrators).

30

slide-11
SLIDE 11

10/16/19 11

ACEs (ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES)

§ AC ACEs are incr creasingly a focu cus

  • f

both th research ch and inte terventi tions nati tionwide, given em emer ergi ging evi eviden ence

  • f

t thei eir h high gh p preval evalen ence an and l lifel felong h heal ealth i impac acts. § AC ACEs are defined as physica cal

  • r

emoti tional abuse

  • r

neglect, ct, sexu xual abuse, domesti tic vi violen ence, e, s substance a abuse

  • r

m men ental i illnes ess i in t the h home, e, p paren ental s sep eparation

  • r

di divorce, hav aving an an incar arcerated household member, an and not being rai aised by both bi biol

  • log
  • gical

parents. § Re Recent research indicates that

  • ver

half (54%)

  • f

all adolescents aged 12 to 17 ye years in the United St States have be been exp xpos

  • sed

to at least

  • n
  • ne
  • f
  • f

these exp xperiences, an and

  • ver

er

  • ne-qu

quarter (28%) expe perienced 2

  • r

more. § De Despite the he hi high prevalenc nce, the he ma majority

  • f

adolescent nts with trauma ma exposure do no not receive ne needed he health services tha hat are critical to ident ntifying ng and nd addressing ng th these co conce cerns.

31

EFFECTS OF TRAUMA EXPOSURE

§ The The effects

  • f

trauma ma during ng chi hildho hood and nd adolescenc nce ha have imp mpacts

  • n

ado adoles escen ent heal ealth an and edu educational al status: § A A greater likelihood

  • f

repeating a grade in school § Lo Lower resilience, § In Increased risk for le learning and behavioral issues, § Su Suicidal ideation § Ear Early initiation

  • f

sex exual al ac activity an and pregn egnan ancy § Hi Higher preval alence

  • f

these negative impac acts am among ado adolescents ag aged 12 to 17 af after er ex exper erien encing more than an

  • ne

ACE. E. § Wi With 3

  • r

more ACEs, nearly half (48%)

  • f

youth experience low engagement in sc school § 44% 44% cannot stay calm and controlled § 41 41% demonstrate high externalizing behaviors

32

SCREENING AND IDENTIFICATION

§ De Despite hi high prevalenc nce rates

  • f

trauma ma and nd the he inc ncreasing ng awarene ness

  • f

the he im importance

  • f

this is topic ic, screenin ing for traumatic ic experie iences in in adolescent health ca care setti ttings has been incon consiste tent. t. § Fo For example,

  • ne

ne study

  • f

female adolescent nts seeking ng he health care in urban setting ngs fo found that while 40%

  • f

clinic users had experienced intimate partner violence, less th than

  • ne-th

third (30%) reporte ted ever being scr creened for inti timate te partn tner violence ce in a cl clinica cal setti tting. § Lo Low screening rates are pa partly attributed to a lack

  • f

appr ppropr priate assessment tools. § Fe Few ins nstrument nts ha have been sufficient ntly validated for use with adolescent nts, and nd few ex exam amine t trau auma s symptoms b bey eyond p posttrau aumatic s stres ess d disorder. er.

33

slide-12
SLIDE 12

10/16/19 12

CHECK UPS RELATED TO ACEs AND RESILIENCE

Re Recommendations for Annual Adolescent (11–19 19 Years) Ad Adolescent An Annual Check-up up Components

§ Al All adolescents and parent/guardians should be informed about confidentiality and the fo following components

  • f

the visit should be conducted with parents present and/or with th the adolescent alone as appropriate te: § He Health history, including changes in physical

  • r

emotional health status warranting fu further assessment § Ph Physical examination, immunizations, and screenings § Ob Observations

  • f

parent-yo youth interaction and yo youth engagement in health decisi sions § Sc Screening/discussion

  • f

the following priority topics related to ACEs/resilience: § Em Emotional al well-be being: coping; moods, emotions, and mental health; re resilience/pro rotective factors § Vi Violence and injury prevention: domestic violence, intimate partner violence, co community violence ce § So Social and academic confidence: connectedness with family, peers, and community; in interpersonal rela latio ionship ips; school performance

34

MAINSTREAM ASSESSMENT TOOLS

§ Ma Mainstreami ming screening and trauma ma infused care into existing policies, programs ms, an and prac actices es as assures es that thes ese ef efforts ar are not mer erel ely an an ex extra add add-on

  • n

bu but rather ar are rec ecogn gnized ed as as core to ev eviden dence-ba based prog

  • grams

and their funding suppor

  • rts.

§ Sc Screenings should

  • nly

be be conducted after ensuring that services

  • r

referral so sources a are i in p place t to a appropriately a address ss t the u unique n needs

  • f

y youth w who a are id identif ifie ied as needin ing any level

  • f

in interventio ion.

35

RE-VICTIMIZATION THROUGH THE CHILDREN

§ Te Technology Abuse:

§ Sh Shares custody with the abuser, the situation is even more complicated. § In In technology abuse cases, custody

  • rders

and parenting plans that are not specific re regard rding communication and technology,

  • r

that

  • rd

rder no communication “except as to th the children”

  • fte

ten don’t sto top excessive and harassing calls

  • r

te text messages, since th the ab abuser can an clai aim the he messag ages ar are ab about par arenting. § De Designated times where survivor and abuser must meet for exchanges, even when su supervise sed, can create

  • pportunities

for tracking and monitoring devices to be un unknowingly exchanged with the children.vi § Ab Abusers may provide the children with gifts containing hidden cameras

  • r

GPS devices. § In Increasingly, children are being provided their

  • wn

phones

  • n

family plans. . § Ma Many companies

  • ffer

parents the means to monitor their children and children’s de devices, but what happens when a child is being co-pa parented by a victim of

  • f

technol

  • log
  • gy

ab abuse an and the heir ab abuser? § Ho How can that technology also be used to monitor the victim?

36

slide-13
SLIDE 13

10/16/19 13

UTILIZING PARENTING TIME TO STALK A VICTIM

§ Ov Over 7.5 million people are stalked in

  • ne

year in the United States § Mo Most commo mmonly, the he stalker is a current

  • r

forme mer intima mate partner § Ab Abusers sta talk for many reasons: to to tr track, ck, monito tor, gath ther informati tion, harass, an and intimida date; e; an and to attem empt to mai aintai ain

  • r

regai egain control

  • ver

er the victim. . § The These

  • ffend

nders wi will frequent ntly use any ny me means ns available, inc ncluding ng a wi wide va vari riet ety

  • f

t tec echnologi gies es. § Vi Victims can an be stal alked ed as as they ey come an and go go from the super ervised ed visitation ce cente ter, during th the visita tati tion

  • n
  • r
  • r

exch xchange, and in betw tween visits ts, it is cr criti tica cal th that Su Supervised Visitation/ Sa Safe Exchange program staff recognize and effectively re respond to stalking.

37

RISKS DURING SUPERVISED VISITATION

§ Vi Victims

  • f

ab abuse using super ervised ed visitation an and saf afe ex exchan ange ser ervices es ar are at addi additional al ri risk

  • f

stalking, so it is import rtant for staff ff to assess for stalking duri ring every ry check-in in pr process. § Ab Abusers who had not engaged in stalking behavior during the relationship may now be begin to do

  • so. And

be because it is a new tactic, the victim may not recognize that s/he is no now being ng

  • stalked. Cont

ntinu nually reassessing ng whe hen stalking ng is no not

  • ccurring

ng is ne nearly as im important as recogniz izin ing when it it is is. § Su Supervised visitation may increase the risk

  • f

stalking be because the abu buser now has di direct ac access to the

  • victim. Vi

Visitation an and exchan ange provide de an an

  • ffende

der with a time an and pl place where they know the victim will be, allowing the

  • ffender

to engage in further st stalking b behavior. § The The

  • ffend

nder can ha have a thi hird party moni nitor the he victim’s arrival and nd departure

  • r

place a GP GPS device

  • n

the victim’s

  • car. Exchanges

give the

  • ffender

direct access to the victim an and the childr dren

  • en. The
  • ffen

ender der may ay gi give the childr dren en gi gifts that hav ave a hidden dden GPS PS dev device

  • r
  • r
  • camera. The
  • f
  • ffender

may use the children’s cell phon

  • ne

to dow

  • wnloa
  • ad

spyware.

38

CREATING A SAFE EXCHANGE

§ NO NOTIFY LAW ENF NFORCEMENT NT § AD ADVOCATE FOR THE USE OF FAC ACILITIES WHO AR ARE AB ABLE TO PERFORM THERAP APEUTIC AS ASSESSMENTS DURING SUPERVISED PAR ARENTING TIME. § BE BE AWARE OF THE ABU BUSER ERS TACTICS TO MAKE KE THE VI VICTIM APPEA PPEAR “CRAZY” § TA TAKE CAUTION AND RECOGNIZE WHEN A CASE SHOULD REMAIN OPEN AND RE REVIEWED § WO WORK TOGETHER WI WITH THE COMMUNITY, BE A VOICE FOR THE ABUSED § DE DEVELOP A TE TEAM APPROACH CH TO TO ADDR DDRESS ISSUE UES TH THAT TH THE CH CHILD MAY EX EXPER PERIEN ENCING § HA HAVE VE INSTITUTIONAL GOAL TO BEC ECOME BES EST IN CLA LASS WHEN HEN IT COMES ES TO SE SERVING NG THOSE SE WHO HAVE BEEN VICTIMS

39

slide-14
SLIDE 14

10/16/19 14

BREAKING THE CYCLE § ED EDUCATION § CO COMMUNICA CATION § LE LEGI GISLA SLATION § AD ADVOCAC ACY § FO FOLLOW UP CARE § PA PASSION TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE

40

CHANGES IN LEGISLATION COMING

41

SURVIVORS

42

slide-15
SLIDE 15

10/16/19 15

MY INSPIRATION TO CONTINUE THE WORK

43

§ THANK YOU FOR ALLOWING ME TO SHARE MY EXPERIENCE, EXPERTISE AND KNOWLEDGE WITH YOU. § THANK YOU FOR THE WORK YOU DO TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE IN THE LIVES OF CHILDREN AND THOSE WHO HAVE BEEN AFFECTED BY ABUSE. § YOU ARE THE REAL HEROES! § SHOULD YOU WISH TO CONTACT ME PLEASE FEEL FREE TO DO SO AT drjacqueline.baugh@gmail.com § QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

44

BIBLIOGRAPHY

§ Bancroft,

  • L. R,

Silverman,

  • G. & Ritchie,
  • D. (2012). The

Batterer as Parent: Addressing the Impact

  • f

Domestic Violence

  • n Family

Dynamics 2nd Ed. (SAGE Series

  • n Violence

against Women). § Bemiller,

  • Michelle. (2008). When Battered Mothers

Lose Custody: A Qualitative Study

  • f

Abuse at Home and in the

  • Courts. Journal
  • f

Child Custody, 5(3/4), 228-255. § Goldstein,

  • B. (2014). The

Quincy Solution: Stop Domestic Violence and Save $500 Billion. § Huecker MR, Smock

  • W. Domestic
  • Violence. [Updated 2019

May 2]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2019 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499891/ § Lundgren, R., Amin,

  • A. (2014). Addressing

Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Violence Among Adolescents: Emerging Evidence

  • f
  • Effectiveness. Journal
  • f

Adolescent Health 56(2015), S42-S50. § Menon,

  • S. V.,

Cohen,

  • J. R.,

Shorey,

  • R. C.,

& Temple,

  • J. R. (In press). The

impact

  • f

intimate partner violence- exposure in adolescence and emerging adulthood: A developmental psychopathology

  • approach. Journal
  • f

Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology.

45

slide-16
SLIDE 16

10/16/19 16

BIBLIOGRAPHY

§ Stanley, N., Ellis, J., Farrelly, N., Hollingshurst, S., Downe,

  • S. (2015). Preventing

Domestic Abuse for Children and Young People: A review of school-based interventions. Children and Youth Services Review 59 (2015). 120-131. § Shorey,

  • R. C.,

Fite,

  • P. J.,

Cohen, J., Stuart,

  • G. L.,

& Temple,

  • J. R. (2018). The

stability

  • f

intimate partner violence perpetration from adolescence to emerging adulthood in sexual

  • minorities. Journal
  • f

Adolescent Health, 62, 747- 749. § Shorey,

  • R. C. (2018). A Longitudinal

Examination of Teen Dating Violence from Adolescence to Young Adulthood. § Note: This resource has not been published by the U.S. Department

  • f
  • Justice. This

resource is being made publically available through the Office

  • f

Justice Programs’ National Criminal Justice Reference Service. § Tomlinson T.A., Mears D.P., Turanovic J.J., Stewart E.A.(2018). Forcible Rape and Adolescent Friendship Networks. Journal

  • f

Interpersonal Violence.

46