1 Poultry Production from a Human Nutritional Perspective 2 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Poultry Production from a Human Nutritional Perspective

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• Primarily for FOOD –

eggs and meat

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What will be covered?

• Nutritive value of eggs and poultry meat
• Consumption:

– how much do we eat – regional differences – changing patterns of consumption

• Comparison with other animal products: red meat, pork and

fish

• Food Security
• What does the future hold?

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Nutrient Content

per 3oz

150 meat only, roasted/boiled 140 meat only, roasted/boiled 175 meat only, fried w/batter 160 meat only, fried w/batter 170 meat & skin, roasted 165 meat & skin, roasted 235 meat & skin, fried w/batter 220 meat & skin, fried w/batter Kcal

Chicken drumstick

Kcal

Chicken breast

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Nutritional Value

• Nutrient dense foods
• High protein content
• Good fatty acid profile
• 33% saturated, 42% monounsat,19% polyunsat
• Rich source of micro-nutrients:

– Iron, Zinc,

• Vitamins: A, B12 complex

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Importance of good nutrition

• Malnutrition:

– an estimated 854 million people chronically undernourished

(chronic energy deficiency) – Some 3 billion plus suffer from micronutrient deficiencies (Vit A, Iron, Iodine) – poor child growth

• Food borne diseases – salmonella, contamination
• Importance of protein

– Kenyan experience – (physical growth, cognitive development, immunity)

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Protein Content

g 20 Beef g 12 Egg (chicken) g 22 Fish (whitefish) g 18 Pork g 20 Chicken

Total protein/100g

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Production of Poultry Meat and Eggs

• How much?
• Where is it produced?
• Who produces it?

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• let’s look at consumption

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• Let’s now look at the consumption of

nutrients.

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8.23% 8.07% 13.25% 9.19% 532.93 568.33 43.87 45.85 70.6 52.21 European Union 9.21% 9.51% 31.80% 26.04% 567.04 494.57 52.2 47.02 180.32 128.8 United States 11.45% 12.74% 14.14% 13.02% 63.49 60.37 7.27 7.69 8.98 7.86 West Africa 7.25% 5.95% 34.66% 23.74% 240.51 240.9 17.44 14.34 83.35 57.18 Southern Africa 8.36% 9.99% 29.00% 16.81% 348.76 263.58 29.16 26.33 101.15 44.3 Latin America 18.24% 23.04% 21.93% 20.06% 186.31 181.7 33.99 41.87 40.85 36.45 Thailand 22.33% 17.19% 23.41% 6.67% 28.66 23.85 6.4 4.1 6.71 1.59 India 13.87% 9.57% 6.11% 3.75% 525.35 252.16 72.89 24.12 32.08 9.46 China 13.09% 11.84% 9.54% 8.24% 262.98 143.37 34.42 16.98 25.08 11.81 Asia 10.23% 10.10% 20.80% 14.08% 467.86 480.31 47.88 48.51 97.31 67.64 Developed World** 12.52% 10.82% 13.76% 10.25% 223.39 137.53 27.97 14.88 30.74 14.1 Developing World* 10.70% 10.47% 14.58% 12.14% 296.04 211.99 31.69 22.19 43.17 25.73 World 2005 1990 2005 1990 2005 1990 2005 1990 2005 1990 meat including eggs Share of eggs Share of Chicken All meat products Eggs Chicken meat Region Per capita consumption Kcal/day

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Protein consumption in developing countries

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Years g/day/capita Chicken Pig Eggs Bovine

20 Consumption developed countries

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Year g/day/capita average Pig meat Eggs Bovine Chicken

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Who are producing these products

• Industrial, commercial or backyard?
• Little information
• Do the statistics under estimate informal

production?

– if 70% of the rural population in developing countries keep poultry – that’s a lot

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Household Food Security

• Do the poorest producers gain nutritionally

– birds and eggs are usually sold

• How is the income used
• Would increased productivity = greater

consumption?

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Winners and Losers

• Who benefits?
• Levels of malnourished?
• Growing children
• Obesity and associated risks

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What does the future hold?

• Consumption?

– population growth, economic development, excessive consumption declines?

• Impact of price increases?

– feed costs, meeting health and hygiene standards, polluter pays?

• Impact of fear (HPAI etc)
• Potential for functional food products (e.g.
• mega-3 eggs)