1 Attribute Description Examples Operations Attribute - - PDF document

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1 Attribute Description Examples Operations Attribute - - PDF document

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Attribute Type Description Examples Operations

Nominal The values of a nominal attribute are just different names, i.e., nominal attributes provide only enough information to distinguish one object from another. (=, ≠) zip codes, employee ID numbers, eye color, sex: {male, female} mode, entropy, contingency correlation, χ2 test Ordinal The values of an ordinal attribute provide enough information to order

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hardness of minerals, {good, better, best}, grades, street numbers median, percentiles, rank correlation, run tests, sign tests Interval For interval attributes, the differences between values are meaningful, i.e., a unit of measurement exists. (+, - ) calendar dates, temperature in Celsius

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mean, standard deviation, Pearson's correlation, t and F tests Ratio For ratio variables, both differences and ratios are meaningful. (*, /) temperature in Kelvin, monetary quantities, counts, age, mass, length, electrical current geometric mean, harmonic mean, percent variation

Attribute Level Transformation Comments Nominal Any permutation of values If all employee ID numbers were reassigned, would it make any difference? Ordinal An order preserving change of values, i.e., new_value = f(old_value) where f is a monotonic function. An attribute encompassing the notion of good, better best can be represented equally well by the values {1, 2, 3} or by {0.5, 1, 10}. Interval new_value =a * old_value + b where a and b are constants Thus, the Fahrenheit and Celsius temperature scales differ in terms of where their zero value is and the size of a unit (degree). Ratio new_value = a * old_value Length can be measured in meters or feet.

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