CPAT - ASSOCIAZIONE NAZIONALE DI ANALISI TRANSAZIONALE ANIMALS LIVE BY MOVING INTELLIGENTLY. THE CREATIVITY AND COOPERATION OF LIFE CENTRO DI PSICOLOGIA E ANALISI TRANSAZIONALE SCUOLA DI SPECIALIZZAZIONE IN PSICOTERAPIA This needs a conscious awareness that can perceive "There are … two sides to the … development of nature. SCUOLA DI COUNSELLING PSICOSOCIALE (S.C.P.) what will happen, prospectively . Animal intelligence On the one side there is a given environment with ALLE ORIGINI DELLE EMOZIONI is motivated learn how to live in sustaining ecologies organisms adapting themselves to it ... The other side of the COME I SENTIMENTI DI AMICIZIA E COMPAGNIA and cooperative communities. evolutionary machinery, the neglected side, is expressed by NELL’INFANZIA DANNO SIGNIFICATO ALLA VITA the word creativeness . The organisms can create their Sala Meili -Centro Culturale Svizzero own environment. For this purpose the single organism is Via Palestro 2–Milano, Venerd ì 29 Maggio 2009 HUMAN COMMUNITIES almost helpless. The adequate forces require societies of CREATE CULTURES. cooperating organisms. But with such cooperation and in I - Il ritmo della fiducia nell’intimità Children learning with adults generate imaginative proportion to the effort put forward, the environment has a meanings that guide persons’ activities and ideas -- Prof. Colwyn Trevarthen, plasticity which alters the whole ethical aspect of planned for the future, recalled from the past, kept Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Scotland evolution." across many generations, over thousands of years. (A. N. Whitehead, Science and the Modern World , 1925) PERCEPTION, MOVEMENT INSTITUTE FOR MUSIC IN & ACTION RESEARCH HUMAN & SOCIAL They value ancient symbols and rituals and tell stories. CENTRE (PMARC) DEVELOPMENT (IMHSD) Creating Meaning by Moving and The aesthetic and moral feelings that THE GROWTH OF MEANING ‘Speaking’ to One Another, or just BEFORE WORDS become meaningful in human activity. Smiling In every culture young children, before they speak, "Culture is activity of thought, and act as sociably conscious persons -- negotiating receptiveness to beauty and humane with others their intentions, experiences and feeling . Scraps of information have feelings, with all their body. nothing to do with it." They regulate their attention to objects and persons with displays of emotion, giving special value to Whitehead, A. N. (1929). meanings -- to instruments, customs and rituals The Aims of Education & Other Essays , learned with affection and humour. (New York: Macmillan). HOW THE COMMUNITY OF KNOWLEDGE Soon a child is seeking friendships with GROWS people of all ages. The child has self-other conscious emotions, of Even infants are innately sensitive to the well-being in companionship, of relating to other incomprehension of strangers. But they persons. The most powerful are pride in knowing reach out, acting with desire to become and doing 'cleverly', and shame at not being members of a group – to share rituals of a appreciated. 'proto-habitus’ or ‘common understanding’. Their will tests creative and cooperative They seek to create and live within an possibilities from birth, accepting and giving to the shared experience of moving. imaginative ‘unreality’ that others believe has importance. They become members of a family, responding to This is what ‘self-consciousness’ is. attentive care, learning games. A proud, healthy family in a remote forest in Canada in the 19th Century 1
Children come to live and understand in different social worlds, by ‘collaborative learning’ , helping to make imaginary and meaningful things, in companionship with teachers who share initiatives generously. Barbara Rogoff is Prof. of Child Development, at UC Santa Cruz in California. How little girls in Mexico learn to weave. (They call school ‘paper learning’) Research on infancy and the preschool years has revealed that science knew little of the sympathetic and sociable intelligence born in every human mind. We appreciate better, now, the inspiring influence an infant has over the life and plans of parents and others who wish to share this intelligence (which cannot be ‘measured’ with tests of knowledge and skills). Besides care and attachment, playful companionship in intentions, experiences and feelings is eagerly sought from others, and needed . Other persons’ lively interest and shared feelings is Children Are Story Sharing Creatures, From Birth essential for the child’s future well-being and self- That is why a Book and a Telephone Bill are very interesting confidence in acting, understanding and remembering. for a one-year-old in a literate family. Paper tells stories. A new, positive, psychology of infancy accepts that our An infant's brain is the creative regulator of minds are born for sharing interests, intentions and activity of an integrated human Person, feelings, by moving in sympathy -- in brain time. HUMAN a Self or Vital Spirit, living with others. Human brains are motivated to express mind states as body •It has purposes that seek experience to make PSYCHOBIOLOGY movements, and to communicate in the rhythm of common possible learning of actions that are stronger, sense, called intersubjectivity by psychologists. more effective, more meaningful, more How Brains and Bodies We communicate motives and sympathetic feelings from imaginative for the future, and more reflective Grow to Move Our Selves the beginning of life, making sense of mutual experience, of the past. with the affectionate attention of favourite companions. and Each Other •It is attracted to engage with the purposes, This sharing is the foundation of mental health, interests and feelings of other persons, creating therapy and all learning and education, from birth. and valuing Cultural Meanings with them. We must understand it better, and respect it. 2
Newborn human brains are not plastic – they are active -- inquisitive, creative, imaginative and playful, seeking companionship in impulses that form ideas, knowledge and skills, all of which require rhythmic prospective control of body PRENATAL BRAIN movements , and emotional regulation of the DEVELOPMENT vitality of a whole integrated moving Self. Anatomical preparations for this mental and inter- mental life are evident from early stages within the mother's body, who shares her vitality with the emerging life of the embryo and foetus. Psychological organs appear the body before neurons After birth the growth of the body and brain grow. The first interneuronal systems are not those of transforms activity and the shared action and perceptual recognition, which are built late, but the experience. integrating systems of the life-regulating visceral As the brain grows in size and function, parts Intrinsic Motive Formation , which will later be that seek communication and are changed by it. elaborated for the emotions of social creativity and communication. But At no point is the brain a passive 'tabula rasa’ . Motor activity starts in the early foetus and is engaged with the functions of the mother's body – with products Stimuli are beneficial or harmful depending on of her vital chemistry, and perhaps with artificial how they affect the regulators of motives and chemistries she ingests. These can affect the growing emotions in the infant brain and body. brain of the child in damaging ways. AWARENESS Tissues for the surface 1 mm and interior of the body of an active and sensitive Self The First 40 Days of a Human Self ACTION 1 centimeter Mapping prospective sensory and motor systems 3
N N The beginning of a CNS Guided, Exploratory Growth of Nerve Cell Networks Core Regulator Tracts A foetus at 8 weeks has organs for seeing, hearing, touch and speaking, before the brain is active . The Human Brain at 7 Weeks - Cranial Nerve Nuclei and Emotion Tracts 4
Parts of a Baby’s Head and Face Seven-Week Human Embryo Brain That Have Connections by Showing Where the Cranial Nerve the Cranial Nerves Nuclei are, and Their Projections Inputs and Outputs of the Cranial Nerve Nuclei, and Their Functions Growth of the Brain Before POST-NATAL BRAIN Birth DEVELOPMENT HUMAN PSYCHOBIOLOGY The newborn human brain is only one third the size of an adult brain, but it has all the major systems in place , including maps for the special human sensory and motor organs for communicating. There is growth of new senses for guiding developing movements 5
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