Mark Garvey AFSM Manager, GIS Services Country Fire Authority of Victoria Country Fire Authority (CFA) – at a glance 1250 Brigades / 60,000 Volunteers / 800 Staff 1
Incidents – 30,000+ per year Victoria prone to regular bushfires 2
CFA responds to structure fires, bushfires, hazmat incidents and road accidents Longford Refinery Fire 300 Km from Melbourne Melbourne’s growth - most is in CFA area Current population in CFA approx: 2.4M 3
Spatial Information assists in assessing assists in assessing a variety of risk environments a variety of risk environments Structure Risk Special Risks Wildfire Risks eg. Prisons, High High High High Wharves, Low Low Nursing home etc. Low Low Transport Risks Wildfire fuel loads Residential, Low fire fuel areas Commercial Weather data Main haulage Slope/aspect transportation routes Industrial Areas - Buffers Demographic Risks High High High Low Low Population & Low Socio-economic factors Know your business - Fire statistics 4
Know your Customers – Demographic data Know your Workforce – HR databases 5
Know your Limitations - Road Network Models Know your Future – Urban growth forecasts 6
Variety of decisions supported by a variety of Increased fire GIS analyses prevention Eg. Community education programs . Install fire detection New appliance required Relocate station Inspect Industries Site education/ Adjust Staffing Industry training Achieving the GIS Vision “Creating the Capacity” Develop easy to use interfaces to GIS Three examples built by CFA GIS Services • Maps Online • CFA Mapper • Firebox Lite 7
Maps Online 3500 digital maps available to all CFA staff and volunteers over the intranet and internet Only requires Acrobat to view maps as they are all in .pdf format Maps Online Topographic Maps 1:25,000 1:50,000 1:100,000 General Maps e.g. Admin Boundaries 8
CFA Mapper Making GIS mapping more accessible to novice users Installed in all Region HQs CFA Mapper 100 + layers of GIS data available • Imagery • Air photos • Admin bdys • Topographic • Transport • Demographic • Operational 9
FireBox Lite Visualization of Bushfire Data Brings together GPS derived fire perimeter data into GIS Standard products created Achieving the GIS Vision “Expert Spatial Analysis and Services” Two examples • Infrastructure planning – Road Network Modelling • Targeted education campaign – “Bushfire Blitz” 10
Dispatch boundaries calculated Dispatch boundaries calculated Breathing Apparatus - Numbers on scene by time Breathing Apparatus - Numbers on scene by time 11
Achieving the GIS Vision “Expert Spatial Analysis and Services” Targeted education campaign – “Bushfire Blitz” In a recent drought risk mapping was used to identify high risk areas for an education program known as “Bushfire Blitz”. Initially a 100km radius of Melbourne was identified as the area containing the highest risk… High risk towns identified GIS analyses integrated fire behaviour and Census data to identify 200 towns having the highest risk… 12
Local risk maps printed GIS Services produced 200 A1 fire behaviour maps in 6 days which enabled the fine scale targeting of threatened communities … Bushfire Blitz in action RESULTS • 8 week program • 1,400 Street meetings • 35,000 people attended • Highly targeted treatment 13
NSW Bushfires Joint Services GIS Unit 14
Participating organizations Government: NSW Rural Fire Service NSW Fire Brigades NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service NSW SES Victorian DSE Fire Management Victorian CFA Private: Lagen Spatial MapInfo Image Analysis and Mapping Air Target Services Rapid Map Global The set up: 11 Organizations 55 people in total Full deployment – 18 days Hours of operation 2:00 AM – 10:00 PM The skill sets: GIS Cartography Image interpretation and analysis GPS field data collection Programming Web development Wildfire Science 15
The Products Detailed topographic maps Overview of fire situation including maps, area and perimeter statements Digital library of loss information Development of Intranet mapping facility to enhance distribution of products Operational Maps 16
Strategic maps “Tourist” maps 17
Loss register - Intranet Lessons learnt for future emergency GIS deployment 18
“Investigating use of GIS in response to the attack on New York City” Victorian Emergency Services Foundation Scholarship July - August 2002 19
GIS Products – Air photo’s Photo courtesy FDNY Photo courtesy FDNY GIS Products – Grid maps Map courtesy FDNY Map courtesy FDNY 20
GIS Products – Thermal Imagery Map courtesy FDNY Map courtesy FDNY GIS Products – Informative maps for the Public Map courtesy FDNY Map courtesy FDNY 21
GIS Products – Models and analyses Report to Victorian Emergency Services Foundation • Summary of GIS activities reported • Innovative use of GIS noted • Recommendations with respect to Victoria made • How to operate a GIS at a large incident assessed 22
Advice - examples Fly aerial photography early in the incident and fly often Map courtesy FDNY Map courtesy FDNY Advice - examples Prepare a purpose built electronic map request system 23
Advice - examples type (active, in-active, predicted) may indicate the geometry of a observed/predicted datetime accuracy/certaintity A single integrated fire line based on (type=predicted only) may be identified may indicate the FIRE LINE as belonging to a GPS LOG geometry of a may indicate the geometry of a may indicate the line type(dozer, rakehoe, road,.. ) geometry of a accuracy/certaintity may indicate the database utilizing an geometry of a line CONTAINMENT may indicate the LINE geometry of a THERMAL BACKBURN IMAGE observed datetime accuracy/certaintity Hand drawn effective data model is polygon name first_ignition_datetime annotation on a may indicate the IMT paper map geometry of a status (future,in-progress,complete) may manage many may indicate the geometry of a BURNT AREA may indicate the geometry of a {name} may be identified as belonging to a FIRE may be identified FIRE COMPLEX may be linked to many as part of a required for large may be identified as belonging to a perimeter length(derived) may be identified burnt area(derived) as part of a may indicate the must be start date/time geometry of a identified a s POO SPOT FIRE belonging {name} to a incidents accuracy/certaintity MISCELLANEOUS/ observed datetime OTHER point FIRE GROUND GENERAL MANAGEMENT FIREMAP CD OPERATIONS OBJECT MAP OBJECT point / line or polygon point / line or polygon status (planned, completed.) status (operational, non- operational) type: Cardinality Key: type: -Containment Line -Staging Area -Sector Boundary -Assembly Area -Division Boundary ENTITY relationship -Landing Ground -ICC -Helipad -ICP -Water points Notes: -Hot Spot -Refuge Area Participation -Strike Team * All entities are to have a created_date attribute which automically records the date/time the instance -Aircraft was created. Participation Cardinality Symbol * Current ? must one * Change log. Everytime a field value is changed from a pre-existing value this fact needs to be must many recorded including the old value. may one * Fire naming convention in relation to IMS may many * Automate mapping of georeference in IMS. * Use of existing geometry to create new geographic features. Advice - examples Deliver more electronic maps and less paper maps 24
CFAs GIS Unit CFA initially assisted DSE Fire Management (Public Land Fire Management Agency) GIS effort both in Melbourne and in the field After the fires had been running for a week CFA required it’s own GIS capacity to support both Operational and Community Safety programs 25
CFA GIS Unit Located in Melbourne behind the central operations room As the fires grew the GIS Unit expanded; Additional support was requested from outside CFA Office of the Emergency Services Commissioner Deakin University RMIT Frankston City Council VicRoads Expandable GIS staff management model developed and used 26
The audience for GIS products: Operational planners, firefighters Fire industry partners e.g. plantation and power companies The community Government – Ministers, Commissioners, Advisers The media Data combined in an Access Database to keep track of incoming/outgoing data (versioning) 27
The Products Maps - Overview of strategic fire situation including maps, area and perimeter statements Data - fire perimeter data accessible via an FTP site so others could use data in their own system Statistics - Areas, spread rates Analyses - Risk identification such as schools, hospitals and chemical plants in the fire path Community information hotlines - 1300 public call- taking facility - Call-takers had latest maps - Web-site access - Situation reports on individual fires - Maps – pdf’s , jpegs 28
Many materials publicly accessible via Internet Planning - pre-calculated fire models 29
Planning – dwelling locations in fire path Planning – Risk identification Schools w ithin 70 Km of fire front 30
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