1 Satellit project on project MDMA & Mem ory Database 1 : MDMA - - PDF document

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Reference corpus of Dutch drug users I : MDMA / Ecstasy

Viktória Papp, Rice University/ NZI LBB Maartje Schreuder, Eef Theunissen, Jan Ramaekers, Maastricht University

I AFPA 2011 Bundeskrim inalam t Vienna, Austria July 27, 2011 Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience

IAFPA research grant

Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience

Overview

• Drugs-intoxicated speech databases
• Research context
• Database 1: Methyleen Dioxy Meth Amphetamine

(Ecstasy)

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Drugs- intoxicated speech

• Wire-tapped phone calls

– Drugs-related crimes – Under the influence of drugs

• Effects of alcohol quite well-described

– Effects of heroin: Papp (2008) – Effects of other drugs: unknown

• Relevant for forensic speaker

identification/ verification

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Psychopharm acological drugs research Research team:

• E.L. Theunissen, PhD (Project Manager,

Investigator)

• J.G. Ramaekers, PhD (Principle investigator)
• K.P.C. Kuypers, PhD (Co-investigator)
• C.J. van Leeuwen, MD (Medical Supervisor)
• Anique van Dorp, MD (Medical Supervisor)

Maastricht University, Department of Psychopharmacology & Neuropsychology

Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience

Drugs

• CNS depressants

– Alcohol – Heroin

• CNS Stimulants

– Cocaine

• Hallocinogens and Psychedelics

– Cannabis – MDMA (Ecstasy) (CNS = Central Nervous System)

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Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience

Satellit project on project “MDMA & Mem ory perform ance”

• Acute administration of MDMA causes memory

deficits in humans

• Aim to investigate whether memantine (Alzheimer’s

disease medication) can reverse the memory impairment caused by acute MDMA administration in humans

• Ethical approval granted (NL35155.068.11 / MEC 11-3-007)

Start: August (first week)

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1st treatment placebo

• r

Memantine 2nd treatment placebo or MDMA placebo

• r

MDMA Treatment 1 2 3 4

Database 1 : MDMA ( Ecstasy)

The four-way crossover study design (double blind, (pseudo-)random).

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Methodology

• 16 participants (within subjects design)
• All recreational users of MDMA, not addicted
• Medical tests
• Drugs/alcohol tests on each test day

As recommended by Morrison et al. (in press):

• 2 x 4 non-contemporaneous recordings of each speaker
• Within each session: different speaking styles
• each session (at the same time):

– recorded in studio quality – recorded through a mobile phone line

Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience

Speaking styles, stimulus m aterials

• Word lists (35 words), read 3x,

within sentence ‘I k zeg nu het woord …tegen jou’ [ I now say the word …to you]

– Controlled for (written) frequency (Celex) – All Dutch consonants

• + some non-Dutch consonants, in loan words
• + some clusters
• Combined with all Dutch vowels, on basis of

– Place – Manner – Voicing/ sonority

Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience

Speaking styles, stimulus m aterials

• Free (guided) conversation (through phone)
• Picture descriptions

– With target words containing / a/ , / i/ , / u/

• Price list com pletion of illegible text

– Numbers, strange words – Interaction – Meta speech

• Pseudo-police-style interview on drugs use

– Also questions answered with ‘Ik maak gebruik van mijn zwijgrecht’ [ No comment]

• Each session different lists, pictures, price lists (to overcome

repetition effect)

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Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience

Recordings

• Conversation:
• Pictures:
• Price list:
• Police-like interview:

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Recording equipment

• Direct recordings:

– Sound-attenuated cabin – M-Audio MicroTrack 24/ 96 Memory Card recorder – Knowles electronics in-ear microphone (mini) FC-23652-P16, mounted on simple headset, Omni-directional – Windows PCM WAV, 44100 Hz, 16-bit, Mono

• Via phone line:

– Blackberry mobile phone – B-line Yellowtec telephone hybrid – Recorded with Adobe Audition 3.0 on PC (Dell Optiplex 760 with Soundmax high definition integrated audio device sound card) – Windows PCM WAV, 44100 Hz, 16-bit, Stereo (speakers in separate channels)

Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience

Drugs

• CNS depressants

– Alcohol – Heroin

• CNS Stimulants

– Cocaine

• Hallocinogens and Psychedelics

– Cannabis – MDMA (Ecstasy) (CNS = Central Nervous System)

Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience

Effects of MDMA

• Intensifies bodily senses (taste, smell, touch, vision, hearing)
• Experience mental imagery and auditory and visual distortions
• Increased confidence, intimacy, energy, endurance, alertness

and wakefulness

• CNS: initiating motor activity

– Starting and stopping motor events – Coordination of co-occuring events

• respiration, initialization, phonation and articulation during speech

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Research objectives – speech effects

Hypotheses:

• Tim ing of articulators: delayed or uncertain
• Reaching vowel targets and consonant loci uncertain
• I m paired synchronizing of

• General m uscle stiffness, cheek stiffness
• I ncreased energy:

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MDMA – acoustic measurements

• Vowel formant values
• Center of gravity (/ s/ and / S/ )
• Formant structure of nasals and laterals
• F0 range, unit-by-unit pitch variation
• Articulation rate
• Speech rate
• Number of syllables per breath group

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Perceptual differences

• Speakers under influence of MDMA perceived

differently than without MDMA?

– If so, general perceived differences? – What differences?

• Speakers under influence of MDMA still recognized

when speaking without MDMA?

– (And vice versa?)

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I AFPA

Corpus available to IAFPA members

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Questions