1 Human beings are members of a whole In creation of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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2 Human beings are members of a whole In creation of one essence and soul دنرگیدکی یاضعا مدآ ینب دنرهوگ کی ز شنیرفآ رد هک “Saadi Shirazi” «یزاریش یدعس»

About IRAN

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Iran Overview

• Capital

Tehran

• Government type

Theocratic Republic

• Currency

Iranian Rial (1USD : 35,526 IRR)

• Religion

Shia Muslim (95%)

• Language

Persian/Farsi

• Nominal GDP

431.1 USD Billion

• GDP (PPP)

16,507 USD

• Total Debt / GDP

16.4%

• Inflation

8.5%

• GDP Growth

3.5%

• Population

80.21m (17th, about 1.08% of the world’s population)

• Area 1,648,195 km2 (17th)

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Summary

• Bordered by Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Russia,

Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Turkey and Iraq.

• 2nd largest nation in the Middle East and 17th largest in

the world.

• Home to one of the world’s oldest civilizations-the Proto-

Elamite and Elamite Kingdom, 3200-2800 BC.

• Reached pinnacle of power during the Achaemenid

Empire, the largest the world has ever seen. The empire collapsed in 330 BC following conquests of Alexander the Great.

• Is a founding member of the UN, ECO, NAM OIC and

OPEC.

• It has a unique political system which combines elements
• f

parliamentary democracy with a theocratic government owned by the country’s clergy.

• Has a strong labour force with > 55% skilled workers.

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Main deposits and geological overview

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Part of the Alpine-Himalayan (Alpine) orogenic belt or T ethys belt Also named T ethyan-Eurasian Metallogenic Belt

The Tethyan domain represents a metallogenic amalgamation across diverse geodynamic settings, and is the best endowed of all large

• rogenic systems, such as those associated with the Cordilleran and Variscan orogenies. The ore deposits within the Tethyan domain include

porphyry Cu–Mo–Au, granite-related Sn–W, podiform chromite, sediment-hosted Pb–Zn deposits, volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) Cu– Pb–Zn deposits, epithermal and orogenic Au polymetallic deposits, as well as skarn Fe polymetallic deposits.

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Crustal tectonic events of Iran

Tectonic and Geology of Iran

Simplified geology of Iran

1: Continental crust 2: Phanerozoic sedimentary cover 3: Evaporate and sedimentary Cover 4: Oceanic crust 5: Extrusive rocks 6: Intrusive rocks

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Structural and Metallogenic provinces of Iran

Important deposits in Structural and Metallogenic provinces: 1) Zagros: Oil and Gas, Phosphate 2) Sanandaj- Sirjan: Lead & Zinc, Gold, Silver, Iron 3) Orumiyeh- Dokhtar: Copper, Molybdenum, Gold, Iron 6) Central Iran: Lead & Zinc, Iron, Copper, Phosphate 5) Alborz: Lead & Zinc, Phosphate, Bauxite, Coal 4) East of Iran: Copper, Gold, Antimony 7) Makran: Copper, Chromite, Iron, Titanium, Manganese 8) Ophiolites Of Iran: Copper, Chromite, Manganese Zagros structural and metallogenic province Sanandaj-Sirjan structural and metallogenic province Igneous Rocks, Including Orumiyeh-Dokhtar Magmatic Belt Central Iran structural and metallogenic province Alborz structural and metallogenic province Kopeh Dagh structural and metallogenic province Makran structural and metallogenic province Eastern of Iran structural and metallogenic province Ophiolites of Iran

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Ancient Mining and Metallurgy

More than 6,000 years of ancient mining and metallurgical history 10

Discovery of several ancient mines all indicate that the Iranian Plateau may have been the birthplace of some metallurgical techniques and a major source of metals for ancient cultures.

• Ancient metallurgical site at Arisman
• Ancient smelting and metal working at the known site of Tappeh Sialk
• Ancient Copper-Tin mine at Deh Hosein

Relation between the names of mining products and geographical locations

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Iran Resource Overview

• There are 68 types of minerals with an estimated value of $700 billion.
• Total proven reserves of metallic and non-metallic deposits are estimated at 55 billion tons.
• Iran’s deposits that are largely underdeveloped include zinc (world's largest), copper (world's

ninth largest-revised from second largest in 2010), iron (world's ninth largest), uranium (world's tenth largest) and lead (world's eleventh largest).

• Iran with roughly 1% of the world's population holds more than 7% of the world's total

mineral reserves.

Metal resources Iron ore Molybdenum Copper Gold Lead Zinc Aluminum Silver Unit

Million tons Tons Thousand tons Tons Thousand tons Thousand tons Thousand tons Tons

Production 45 6,300 265 1.341 35 85 600 15 World rank 9 8 13 62 16 14 11 19

Industrial mineral resources Gypsum Cement Barite Feldspar Fluorspar Kaolin Mica Lime Bentonite Bauxite Talc Coal Unit Thousand tons Thousand tons Thousand tons Thousand tons Thousand tons Thousand tons Thousand tons Thousand tons Thousand tons Thousand tons Thousand tons Million tons Production

22,000 75,000 270 600 70 900 7 3,000 400 400 84 2.2

World rank

2 7 6 7 7 8 9 12 57 17 16 19

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Metallic Minerals Nonmetallic Minerals Nonmetallic Minerals Buildings Materials Fossil Fuel Copper Turquoise Sepiolite Building & Decorative Stone Oil Iron Phosphate Bitumen Gypsum Gas Manganese Salt Orpiment Rubble Stone Condensate Chromite Sulfur Asbestos Pumice Coal Gold Sodium Sulfate Sylvite Perlite Molybdenum Kaolinite Chalk Pozzolan & Pozzolanic tuff Lead Bentonite Vermiculite Scoria Aluminum Talc Borax Antimony Mica Barite Titanium Feldspar Magnesite Mercury Silica Celestite Silver Fluorite Garnet Polymetal Alunite Dolomite Pyrite Nepheline Syenite Zeolite Uranium Limestone Diatomite Zinc Ochre Agate Tungsten Fireclay Bauxite

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Mineral Distribution Map of Iran

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Locations of Operating Mines and Nonfuel Mineral Processing Facilities in Iran

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Zagros Zone

Geology: This zone extends from Bandar Abbas in south to Kermanshah in northwest, and continues through to

• Iraq. Zagros is indeed the northeastern edge of the

Arabian plate. Mainly folded thick sediments (carbonate rocks and carbonates)

• verlying

a high-grade metamorphic Precambrian basement, salt diapirs in the south.

Lead & Zinc, Iron, Copper, Silver Metallic Mineral Phosphate, Salt, Sulphur, Bitumen, Barite, Celestine, Gilsonite, Dolomite, Bauxite, Agate, etc. Nonmetallic Mineral Building & Decorative Stone, Rubble Stone, Gypsum, Marl Buildings Materials Oil and Gas Fossil Fuel

Oil and Gas

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Iran holds some of the world’s largest deposits of proved oil and natural gas reserves, ranking as the world’s fourth-largest and second- largest reserve holder of oil and natural gas, respectively. Iran also ranks among the world’s top 10 oil producers and top 5 natural gas

• producers. Iran produced almost 3.4 million barrels per day (b/d) of petroleum and other liquids in 2014 and an estimated 5.7 trillion

cubic feet (Tcf) of dry natural gas in 2013.

Sanandaj-Sirjan Structural and Metallogeny Zone

Geology: This zone is located to the south-southwest of Central Iran, and the northeastern edge of Zagros Range. A striking feature of this zone is the presence of immense volumes of magmatic and metamorphic rocks of Paleozoic and Mesozoic ages..

Gold, Lead& Zinc, Iron, Copper, Tin, Tungsten Metallic Mineral Barite, Fluorite, Mica, Talc, Bentonite, jasper, Silica, Garnet, Graphite, Orpiment, Dolomite, etc. Non Metallic Mineral Building & Decorative Stone, Rubble Stone. Buildings Materials

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Igneous Rocks, Including Orumiyeh- Dokhtar Magmatic Belt

Geology: Mainly volcanic (basalt to dacite), pyroclastic (i.e. tuff and ignimbrite) and plutonic (diorite to granite) rocks, sporadically with nummulite, limestone. Post-Upper Jurassic to Quaternary, Peak of magmatic activities Eocene.

Copper, Molybdenum, Gold, Silver, Lead & Zinc, Antimony, Iron, Manganese Metallic Mineral Barite, Fluorite, Silica, Bentonite, Kaolinite, Talc, Dolomite, Turquoise, Alunite, Mica, Agate, Sodium Sulfate, etc. Nonmetallic Mineral Building & Decorative Stone, Rubble Stone, Gypsum, Marl Buildings Materials

Iron

Gold

Coal

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Geology: Located as a triangle in the middle of Iran, Central Iran is

• ne of the most important and complicated structural

zones in Iran. Here, rocks of all ages, from the Precambrian to the Quaternary, and several episodes of

• rogeny,

metamorphism, and magmatism can be recognized.

Central Iran Structural and Metallogeny Zone

Iron, Lead & Zinc, Copper, Gold, Silver, Nickel, Cobalt, Titanium, Manganese Metallic Mineral Phosphate, Magnesite, Barite, Fluorite, Silica, Bentonite, Kaolinite, Talc, Lime, Dolomite, Agate, Sodium Sulfate, etc. Nonmetallic Mineral Building & Decorative Stone, Rubble Stone, Gypsum, Marl Buildings Materials Coal Fossil Fuel

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Geology: Alborz is located in northern Iran, parallel to the southern margin of the Caspian Sea. It is characterized by the dominance of platform-type sediments, including limestone, dolostone, and clastic rocks. Rock units from the Precambrian to the Quaternary have been identified, with some hiatuses and unconformities in Paleozoic and Mesozoic..

Lead & Zinc, Iron, Copper, Gold, silver Metallic Mineral Phosphate, Barite, Fluorite, Silica, Dolomite, Bauxite, Zeolite, Turquoise, etc. Nonmetallic Mineral Building & Decorative Stone, Rubble Stone, Gypsum, Marl Buildings Materials Coal Fossil Fuel

Alborz Zone

Gold

Antimony

21 East of Iran Zone

Geology: East of Iran can be divided into two parts, (Lout Block): the Lout Block is the main body of East of Iran. It extends for about 900 km in the north-south direction, (Flysch or colored mélange of the Zabol–Baluch Zone): This zone is located between the Lout Block to the west and Helmand (in Afghanistan) to the east.

Copper, Molybdenum, Gold, Silver, Lead & Zinc, Antimony, Chromite, Nickel, Iron, Titanium, Manganese. Metallic Mineral Magnesite, Barite, Fluorite, Silica, Bentonite, Kaolinite, Talc, Dolomite, Turquoise, Alunite, Mica, Agate, Sodium Sulfate, etc. Nonmetallic Mineral Building & Decorative Stone, Rubble Stone, Gypsum, Marl Buildings Materials

Titanium

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Geology: This zone is located to the south of the Jazmourian

• depression. Its western boundary is Minab fault; to the

south, it is restricted by the Oman Sea, and to the east, it extends into Pakistan. The oldest rocks in this zone are the

• phiolites of late Cretaceous-Paleocene overlain by a thick

sequence (about 5,000 m) of sandstone, shale, and marl.

Southeastern Iran (Makran) Zone

Chromite, Iron, Titanium, Manganese, Copper, Gold, Nickel Metallic Mineral Magnesite, Barite, Bentonite, lime, Dolomite, Agate, Sodium Sulfate, etc. Nonmetallic Mineral Gypsum, Marl. Buildings Materials

23 Kopeh Dagh

Geology:

This basin is located in northeastern Iran. From Middle Jurassic, it was covered with a vast continental shelf sea, No major sedimentary gap or volcanic activities during Jurassic to Oligocene have ever been reported. This sedimentary complex provides suitable conditions for accumulation of hydrocarbons. Lead & Zinc, Copper? Metallic Mineral Barite, Fluorite, Silica, Lime, Dolomite, etc. Nonmetallic Mineral Gypsum, Marl Buildings Materials Gas, Coal? Fossil Fuel

24 Distribution Maps of Major and World-Cass Ore Deposits of Iran

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Which regions have seen the most exploration?

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Regions have been the most exploration by Geological Survey of Iran (GSI) (20 Exploration Areas)

No. Name Of Zone 1 Jebale Barez 2 Iranshahr-Sarbaz 3 Sfandaqie-Dolat Abad 4 Nobaran-Aran 5 Shahin Dezh-Mahneshan 6 Bafq-Poshte Badam 7 Mahabad-Marivan 8 Khoy-Oshnavieh 9 Chalus-Gorgan 10 Arasbaran 11 Sanandaj-Malayer 12 Gazik-Ahangaran 13 Ferdows-Khusf 14 Talesh 15 Shazan-Aligudarz 16 Tarom 17 Torbate Jaam 18 Karaj-Damavand 19 Mayamey-Davarzan 20 Fereydun-Arsanjan

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Persian Golf Caspian Sea

Regions have been the most exploration by IMIDRO

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Regions have been the most exploration by NICICO

No. Name Of Zone 1 Jebale Barez 2 Arasbaran 3 South of Khorasan 4 Lout (East of Iran) 5 Bazman

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How do base metals fit into this picture?

What is Iran’s position globally in terms of provable and probable reserves of lead, zinc, copper and bauxite?

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Distribution Map of Copper Indications and Deposits in Iran

1) Anar-Jebale Barez subzone: Porphyry copper (molybdenum & Gold), Polymetallic vein copper (Au, Ag, Pb, Zn), Skarn copper (Au, Fe) and Manto deposit. 2) Arasbaran subzone: Porphyry copper (Au, Mo), Skarn copper, Polymetallic vein copper (Au, Ag) and Sediment hosted copper deposit. 3) North of Lout subzone: Porphyry copper (Au, Mo), IOCG type, Polymetallic vein (Cu, Au, Ag, Pb, Zn) and Manto deposit. 4) Toroud-Abbas Abad subzone: Manto type, VMS copper, IOCG type and Sediment hosted copper deposit. 5) Kahnooj-Nikshahr (Makran) subzone: VMS (ophiolite related copper), Manto type and Magmatic sulfide deposit. 6) Anarak subzone: Manto type, Sediment hosted copper deposit and Polymetallic vein (Cu, Au, Ag, Ni, Co, Bi, Pb, Zn). 7) Tarom subzone: Porphyry copper (Au, Mo)?, Polymetallic vein (Cu, Au, Ag, Pb, Zn), Manto type and Sediment hosted copper deposit. Subzones Areas Important Mines in Subzones

3) Qaleh Zari, Mahour, Gazu, Shadan, Heread, Sar Chah Shour, Khunik and other mines 2) Sungun, Mazraeh, Anjerd, Astamal, Qareh Chilar, Masjed Daghi and other mines 1) Sar Chshmeh, Meidouk, Daralu, Nochoun, Dareh-Zar, Takht , Kerver and other mines 5) Rameshk , Sheikh Ali, Ahmad Abad, Bagh Chenar, Dorkan and other mines 4) Chah Mousa, Abbas Abad, Taknar, Zangalu, Cheshme Zard and other mines 6) Mes Kani, Talmesi, Chah Shoor, Ashin, Chah Mil, God Morad and other mines 7) Ali Abad , Goligeh , Mari, Rashid Abad, Senjedeh, Shah Alibiglou and other mines

31 World (2015) Reserve Production Resource 720 Million Tons 18.7 Million Tons 5.6 Billion Tons IRAN (2015) Reserve Production Resource World Rank Reserve as % of the world 20 Million Tons? 265 Thousand Tons 2.6 Billion Tons 12 4 Concentrate 790,000 Tons Anode 232,500 Tons Cathode 194,000 Tons

Reserve, production and resource of Copper in Iran in comparison to the world Copper Production of Iran

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Deposit Longitude Latitude Host / country rocks Sar Cheshmeh 55.867 29.95 Porphyritic granodiorite & andesite

Sar Cheshmeh Mine, Porphyry Copper-Molybdenum

Stratigraphic age Metal associations Genetic type Tonnage & Grade Eocene- Miocene Cu, Mo, (Au) Porphyry 1200Mt @ 0.7% Cu, 0.03% Mo,0.08 g/t Au, 3 g/t Ag

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Deposit Longitude Latitude Host / country rocks Sungun 46.71 38.7 Monzodiorite and volcano- sedimentary rocks

Sungun Mine, Porphyry Copper

Stratigraphic age Metal associations Genetic type Tonnage & Grade Oligo-Miocene Cu, Mo (Pb, Zn, Au, Ag) Porphyritic –skarn 300Mt @ 0.76% Cu, 0.015% Mo

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Deposit Longitude Latitude Host / country rocks Meidouk 55.2 30.467 Porphyritic granodiorite & Andesite basalt Stratigraphic age Metal associations Genetic type Tonnage & Grade Miocene Cu, Mo, (Au)? Porphyry 200Mt @ 0.83% Cu, 0.015% Mo

Meidouk Mine, Porphyry Copper

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Distribution Map of Lead and Zinc Indications and Deposits in Iran

1) Malayer-Esfahan subzone: MVT deposits, Sedex type, Carbonate hosted lead-zinc and Vein lead-zinc. 2) Bafq-kouh Banan subzone: Carbonate hosted lead-zinc, Sedex type, Hydrothermal-Vein (Polymetallic) type and Vein lead-zinc. 3) Takab-MahNeshan subzone: Carbonate hosted lead-zinc, VMS lead- zinc and Vein lead-zinc. 4) Anarak subzone: Sedex Type, Hydrothermal-Vein (Polymetallic) type, Vein lead-zinc and Carbonate hosted lead-zinc. 5) Tarom-Nour subzone: Sedex type, Hydrothermal-Vein (Polymetallic) type, Vein lead-zinc and Carbonate hosted lead-zinc.

3) Angooran, Alamkandi, Poshtkuh , Arabshah, Ay Qaleh see, Agh Qaheh and other mines 2) Mahdi Abad , Koushk, Chahmir, Goujar, Mansour Abad, Ozbak Kuh and other mines 1) Iran kuh, Emarat, Ahangaran, Anjireh-Tiran,Tang-e-Dozdan and other mines

6) Eastern Alborz subzone: Sedex type, Hydrothermal-Vein (Polymetallic) type, Vein lead-zinc and Carbonate hosted lead-zinc.

5) Dona , Pachi-Miana, Elika, Barik Ab, Lak, Zeh Abad, Marjan and other mines 4) Nakhlak, Bagh Grogh, Ashine, Morghab, Chah Gorbeh and other mines 6) Ahoano , Toyeh Darvar , Mojen, Khanjar, Namar, Sang Sar and other mines

Subzones Areas Important Mines in Subzones

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World (2015) Reserve Production Resource 250 Million Tons 13.5 Million Tons 1.9 Billion Tons IRAN (2015) Reserve Production Resource Rank Reserve as % of the world 11 Million Tons 85 Thousand Tons 200 Million Tons 14 4 World (2015) Reserve Production Resource 85 Million Tones 4.7 Million Tons 1.5 Billion Tons IRAN (2015) Reserves Production Resource Rank Reserve as % of the world 45 Million Tones 35 Thousand Tons ? 16

• Reserve, production and resource of Zinc in Iran in comparison to the world

Reserve, production and resource of Lead in Iran in comparison to the world Iran Production of Lead & Zinc-Concentrate 700,000 Tons Iran Production of Lead & Zinc-Ingot 72,000 Tons

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Deposit Longitude Latitude Host / country rocks Angouran 47.2 36.40 Amphibolites, gneisses, schists, serpentinites and marbles Stratigraphic age Metal associations Genetic type Tonnage & Grade Proterozoic period? (Zn, Pb), Ag, Cd ? 25 Mt @ %23 Zn, %5 Pb

Angouran Lead and Zinc Deposit

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Deposit Longitude Latitude Host / country rocks Iran Kouh 51.6 32.30 Dolostone , limestone, calcareous shales Stratigraphic age Metal associations Genetic type Tonnage & Grade Lower Cretaceous (Zn, Pb), Ag, Cd, Ba, Mn MVT 10 Mt @ %11 Zn, %2.5 Pb

Iran Kouh Lead and Zinc Deposit

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Deposit Longitude Latitude Host / country rocks Emarat 49.6 33.8 Shaly and silica limestone, dolostone Stratigraphic age Metal associations Genetic type Tonnage & Grade Lower Cretaceous (Pb, Zn), Ag, Cd, Cu MVT 1.5Mt @ %5 Zn, %2 Pb

Emarat Lead and Zinc Deposit

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Distribution Map of Bauxite Indications and Deposits in Iran

Subzones Areas Important Geologic Periods and Mines in Subzones

1) Central Alborz: Permian-Triassic and Triassic-Jurassic 2) Kopeh Dagh: Permian and Triassic-Jurassic 3) Boukan-Ajabshir: Permian, Triassic-Jurassic and Permian-Triassic 4) Yazd: Triassic and Triassic-Jurassic 5) Zagros: Permian-Triassic and Cretaceous

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World (2015) Reserve Production Resource 600 Million Tons 40 Million Tons 70 Billion Tons IRAN (2015) Reserve Production Resource Rank 30 Million Tons 900 Thousand Tons 1.2 Billion Tons 17 Reserve, production and resource of Aluminum in Iran in comparison to the world World (2015) Reserve Production Resource 30 Billion Tons 300 Million Tons 70 Billion Tons IRAN (2015) Reserve Production Resource Rank 30 Million Tons 600 Thousand Tons 1.2 Billion Tons 10 Reserve, production and resource of Bauxite in Iran in comparison to the world

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Deposit Longitude Latitude Host / country rocks Jajarm 56.49 37.04 Dolostone, limestone and shales Stratigraphic age Metal associations Genetic type Tonnage & Grade Triassic Al2O3 Fe2O3 karstic feature 10.6Mt @ %47 Al2O3

Jajarm Bauxite Deposit

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