Yui Kato 1 Background and Purpose Subject of current design - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Topics of research:

Research on Improvement of Design Process

Department of Business Design and Management Graduate School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University Guidance Prof. Manabu Sawaguchi

Yui Kato

1

The 10th TRIZ Symposium 2014 in Japan

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2

→ It wants to make tacit knowledge organization wisdom by making the design business visible, and to contribute to the design improvement and the improvement of a special skill.

Background and Purpose

【 Purpose 】

【 Subject of current design business 】

①Specialty, subdivision, and concentration of business ②Unfixed form and going side by side simultaneously of business

• The design process and the result are vagueness and a designer asunder individuals.
• It relies on designer's of some old-timers skill and tacit knowledge.
• Old-timer designer and young man's polarization environments
• Neither the design skill, the improvement and the solution pattern of the common manuals nor flow.

↓ ･Making partially of design business Black Box ･Development belonging human that relies on individual's skill ･Sharing of design skill (tacit knowledge)

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①Speci ecialty and nd Sub ubdivision Conce ncentration of Bus usine ness

The specialty of the business is high.

To the tendency that the business becomes the person in charge leaving and a result valuing, and the check on the business process becomes soft When knowhow is shared, neither the problem nor information are shared with

• ther members because own specialty

collapses.

The business is subdivided.

The person in charge knows the work contents better than the superior. To the tendency to convinced that

• ther members won't understand

its work contents

The business has concentrated on the individual.

It is easy to fall into the business accomplishment of selfhood.. It tends to do the business within the range

• f my ability, and a time,

mental room is lost, too.

①Specialty, Subdivision, and Concentration of Business 【 feature of business 】 【 problem of business 】

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【 sour urce ce 】Hir iroshi K i Kubota , ,”Mak aking t to visible c chan anges your r compan any. y.

• Theo

heory a and pract ctice o e of making ng t to visible i in going ng up of effec ect”, , Japane nese e Standa dards s Association ( (2012 012)

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②Unfixed d for

• rm

Go Going ng side e by side e simultaneo neous usly of bus usine ness Non-fixed form on business.

The business process is not seen, and making to the manual is difficult. The business is changed to those who belong, and the improvement of the business process is difficult, and consideration to the improvement of the business process is also low. The cost consideration lowers from how my business contributes to sales and the profit cramped because it is non-fixed form.

It is necessary to advance two or more business simultaneously and concurrently.

To the individual ability and the skill It depends. It becomes advantageous like the

• staff. Whose experience is long and

the specialty is high. .

②Unfixed Form and Going Side by Side Simultaneously of Business 【 feature of business 】 【 problem of business 】

4 【 source 】Hiroshi Kubota ,”Making to visible changes your company.

• Theory and practice of making to visible in going up of effect”,

Japanese Standards Association(2012)

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Non-approval

Breakdown

【1-1】 Commodity specification decision

【① concept stage concept stage 】 【② desi sign gn production st stage ge 】

【1-2】 Concept decision

【1-3】

Concept approval conference

【2-1】 Rough design production 【2-2】

Improvement finality design

【2-4】 Design Approval conference

【2-5】 Finished design sending manuscripts to a printing office

【2-3】Between person in charge Design evaluation

A lot of returns exist

Approval

Non-approval

Approval

Mutual agreement

Object Area of Research

• The quantification of the design business, and the

business arrangement and inventory by making to visible

• Proposal of the process model by whom engineered

method is taken

• Plan comparison and designer of effect verification →

sales performance The developer's questionnaire evaluation 5

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The first process: Layered structure chart making "Design concept" is quantified by using AHP. (production and evaluation item of design concept = design)

The second process: Decision of important evaluation item The directionality of the design is examined according to the quantified axis. The third process: Overall judgement The problem of the design item with a low evaluation is quantified.

The fourth process: Problem solution It is easy to understand more than so far from using TRIZ from making common & pattern of a past case and the solution and the design production is possible.

【 AHP P applic licatio ion 】

【① co concep ncept st stage ge 】

① The evaluation item and the problem are quantified with AHP . →② The problem is solved with TRIZ.

【 TRIZ a applic licatio ion 】

【② des esign n produc uction n stage e 】

Approach

6

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Case e 1: 1: Lo Long ng Sel eller er Set Commo mmodity ity New ew Li Lineup neup Desig sign

<4> Design production of charge designer at current year based on the above-mentioned. <5> The design idea is evaluated agreeing among the developers. <6> The item with a low evaluation and the occurring design problem are quantified, and the improvement item is decided. <7> The design problem with a low evaluation is solved and the improvement idea is produced.

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【① des esign co n concep ncept s stage e 】 【② desi sign gn production st stage ge 】

<1> Hearing by the skill designer who is achieving the sales budget in the past as for the evaluation item. <2> The element that becomes the evaluation item of design is clarified and consolidated in nine. <3> Weight it by skill designer about nine elements (priority level).

【 procedure 】

Case 2: : Food Food Packa kage Desig sign

Evaluator: Career developer (The effectiveness of a different occupational category is verified).

【 procedure 】 It does basically as well as the procedure of case 1.

Evaluator: Old-timer skill designer

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8

Sele lection of

• f d

design sign id idea to

• be able

le t to

• ex

expect ect s sales es p plan numb n number er achi chiev evem emen ent

b: Japanese se el elem ement ent a: D Differ fferent entiation

• n

el elem ement ents d: The he second econdary us use

Idea C Idea B Idea A Eval Evaluat ation

• n ite

tem

• f de

f desi sign gn

c: c: accep ccepted ed by the he man n →The most important design concept is “A: It decides it to the change feeling with another commodity”.

【① co concep ncept s stage e 】

Evaluation Criteria

a. a. Differenti tiati tion el elem ement ents b. b. Jap apan anese el elem ement entes es d. d. The he secnd ecndary use se c. c. Accep ccepted ed by the he man

Priority 1th 2nd 3rd 4th Weit

0. 0.590 590 0. 0.238 238 0. 0.123 123 0. 0.049 049

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【① co concep ncept stage】 Dem emand nd of des esign tha hat beca ecame cl clea ear "Five characters are taken to the layout. " →The contradiction problem that reproducibility deteriorates because the area that can be designed is small occurs. 【② des esign n produc uction n stage】 The The problem is solved by us using ng TR TRIZ Z (des esign n ver ersion co cont ntradiction n ma matrix and nd inv nvent entive princi nciple) e).

9

【① co concep ncept s stage】

The most important design concept

• a. It is a change feeling with another commodity, and the design production is done

according to the axis.

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10 【des esign v n ver ersion T

• n TRIZ】 The parameter is classified into “48→21→11" and it consolidates it.

【② des esign n produc uction n stage】

CHARACTERISTICS OF DESIGN ORIGINAL CHARACTERISTICS 1 Shape of a design object ← Length of a stationary design object ← 4 Length of a stationary object Area of a stationary design object 6 Area of a stationary object Volume of a stationary design object 8 Volume of a stationary object Shape of design object 9 Shape 2 Harmful elements for design Harmful elements for design 30 Harmful Emissions Design object Generated Side effects 31 Other harmful effects gnerated by system 3 Impact of design Impact of design 15 Force/Torque Attractive 18 Power 20 Strength 4 Color Color 39

Aesthetics/appearance

5 Trend/Novelty Trend/Novelty 18 Power 39 Aesthetics/appearance 6 Creation time/Schedule Creation time 21 Stability Schedule 26 Loss of time 44 Productivity 7 Volume of design elements Volume of design elements 10 Amount of substance 8 Design elements Taste of design elements 25 Loss of substance 9 Quality of design Quality of design 42 Accuracy of manufacturing 10 Persoicuity of design concept Persoicuity of design concept 28 Loss of information 11 ◎'s original design elements ◎'s original design elements 32 Adaotability/Connectability 35 Reliability

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Desi sign gn v versi sion T TRIZ 【 contradiction ma matrix x 】 It imp mproves s it. To "Am "Amount unt o

• f t

the d he des esign co n component nent" " and nd "Ar "Area ea" Ref efer er t to t the p he problem em s set ettlem ement ent plan n

• f a

a si simi milar item. m.

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【② des esign n produc uction n stage e 】

1 2 3 4

S h a p e

• f

a d e s i g n

• b

j e c t H a r m f u l e l e m e n t s f

• r

d e s i g n I m p a c t

• f

d e s i g n c

• l
• r

1

Shape of a design object

1 3 13 35 17 11 5 7 40 24 15 10 17 35 3 19 12 14 40 1 13 2 37 9 12 28 6 30 3 17 32 7 14 26 22 5 35

2

Harmful elements for design

17 14 4 13 24 3 15 35 17 40 1 5 30 7 10 3 15 35 28 4 18 40 17 5 17 7 10 5 2 28 24

3

Impact of design

35 28 17 9 1 3 40 10 14 4 19 13 25 15 7 15 2 35 5 3 13 24 14 1 19 18 28 40 10 14 3 7 12 28 15 22 17

4

Color

17 14 15 3 1 4 28 32 7 2 4 28 15 35 2 13 3 28 7 4 15 14 32 9 17 40 2

5

Trend/Novelty

17 14 1 35 4 19 13 25 36 15 3 28 32 7 2 1 3 35 15 19 2 28 4 13 2 19 15 35 28 40 10 3 7 4 14 10 3 7 4 14 32 9 17 40 28 15 14 22

6

Creation time/Schedule

17 4 35 3 39 40 24 1 7 5 14 10 12 28 19 2 13 1 15 24 35 40 14 39 25 13 2 24 10 16 35 18 40 17 9 5 6 1 3 28 15 12 22 17 4 3 22 10 28 2 13 1

7

Volume of design elements

35 3 17 4 2 25 7 14 1 35 24 40 3 12 35 14 40 3 19 14 17 9 30 17 28 14

8

Design elements

17 28 24 10 5 30 4 3 39 35 13 2 24 35 3 1 15 14 14 15 9 28 25 3 40 13 28 17 4

9

Quality of design

17 1 10 32 35 28 25 30 13 3 10 40 24 10 17 35 4 12 19 28 2 32 16 3 17 7 35 2 3 17 32 7

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【des esign v n ver ersion i n inv nvent entive e princi nciple】 →2 and 17 are applied. 【us use e inv nvent entive p e princi nciple】 → 2. Separation and extraction Taking ng o

• ut

ut o

• f "U

"Unneces nnecessary p part o

• r el

elem ement ent" " (remo moval and se separation) of t the d desi sign gn i it. →17. Another dimension Let et's make t e the d he des esign o n of t the s he sing ngle-laye ayer a a co combina nation o n of mul ultilayer er b by the he hi hier erarchy chy and nd put ut o

• ut

ut t the d he dep epth a h and nd the d he dep epth. h.

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【② des esign n produc uction n stage】

DESIGN PRINCIPLES ORIGINAL PRINCIPLES

1.Segmentation ← 1.Segmentation 2.Extration 2.Extration 3.Local quality 3.Local quality 4.Asymmetry 4.Asymmetry 5.Consolidation 5.Consolidation 6.Universality 6.Universality 7.Nesting(Matrioshka) 7.Nesting(Matrioshka) 8.Counterweight 8.Counterweight 9.Prior Counteration 9.Prior Counteration 10.Prior Action 10.Prior Action 11.Cushion in Advance 11.Cushion in Advance 12.Equipotentiality 12.Equipotentiality 13.Do it in Reverse 13.Do it in Reverse 14.Spheroidality 14.Spheroidality 15.Dynamicity 15.Dynamicity 16.Partrical or Excessive Action 16.Partrical or Excessive Action 17.Transition Into a New Dimension

17.Transition Into a New Dimension

18.Continuity of Useful Action 18.Merchanical Vibration 19.Convert Harm into Benefit 19.Periodic Action 20.Feedback 20.Continuity of Useful Action 21.Mediator 21.Rushing Through 22.Self Service 22.Convert Harm into Benefit 23.Copying 23.Feedback 24.Flexible Films or Thin Membranes 24.Mediator 25.Changing the Color 25.Self Service 26.Homogeneity 26.Copying 27.Rejecting and Regenerating Parts 27.Dispose 28.Transformation Properties

28.Replacement of Mechanical System

29.Inert Environment

29.Pneumatic or Hydraulic System

30.Composite Materials

30.Flexible Films or Thin Membranes

31.Porous Materials 32.Changing the Color 33.Homogeneity

34.Rejecting and Regenerating Parts

35.Transformation Properties 36.Phase Transition 37.Thermal Expansion 38.Accelerated Oxidation 39.Inert Environment 40.Composite Materials

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【② de design sign pr produ ductio ion st stage ge】

• The d

e desi esign idea ea i is a s abstr stract. t. Dema emand o

• f des

esign:

Five characters are laid out.

From the size that can be printed. It becomes small and the print collapsing happens.

Area that can be designed

【 design component 】 ･Five characters ･Design indispensability element of

SLIDE 14

【② de design sign pr produ ductio ion st stage ge】

• The d

e desi esign idea ea i is a s abstr stract. t. Dema emand o

• f des

esign:

Five characters are laid out.

Area that can be designed

【design component】 ･Five characters ･Design indispensability element of

Five The second layer: characters The first layer: Requisite element The first layer: Background

【us use e inv nvent entive p e princi nciple】 2.

• 2. S

Sep eparation n and nd ex extract ction + 17. + 17. Ano Another her dimens ension

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Evaluation Criteria

a. a. Differenti tiati tion el elem ement ents b. b. Jap apan anese el elem ement entes es d. d. The he secnd ecndary use se c. c. Accep ccepted ed by the he man

Priority 1th 2nd 3rd 4th Weit

0. 0.590 590 0. 0.238 238 0. 0.123 123 0. 0.049 049

Total

A 0.411 0.172 0.081 0.034 0.441 B 0.063 0.017 0.010 0.006 0.178 C 0.116 0.048 0.032 0.009 0.379

Evaluation o

• f A

A

1st 1st 1st 2nd １ｓｔ

15

→ An idea became and the evaluations became high results most.

The e dema emand o

• f the

he design was f filled. Color variation A, A, B B and d C ide dea f from which i it di differentiated d respe pectively were done a ne and nd produc uction and nd the e evaluation w wer ere done ne.

【② de design sign pr produ ductio ion st stage ge】

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• 100% is not exceeded for a certain period only for the stock of sales.
• Be

Beca caus use t e the e speci ecifica cation and t the c cond ndition a n are e differ erent nt from t the c commodity in the p e past, t the verif ific icatio ion of a comparis ison b by the t time s serie ies a and statistic ical l effe fectiv iveness assumes t the sales performance f for i improprie iety.

Sales Performance

Case e 1: 1: Plan ratio D-1: 116%, D-2: 84%, and D-3: 157% Case e 2: 2: 100% compared with plan

Because the purchase layer had not become a transition of on schedule differing from an existing commodity for D-2, it became Ram. The amount was counterbalanced by D-3's having exceeded the plan and achieved the plan as a whole. The manufacturer returned goods rate of the wound and defective goods such as dirt is 0.4%. Stockout of early stage of sales more than plan

→ Cases 1 and 2 and sales plan achievement

16

SLIDE 17

【 respon

• nde

dent 】 (seven en d develo elopment ent p persons ns i in cha harge) e) Exec ecutive j job 1 1 (sect ection chi chief of des esig ign g group up) Executive job job 2 (thos

• se w

who

• appr

pprove de design) Career er-track job job 1 (pe person

• n i

in c charge of

• f br

brand d mana nagem emen ent) Career er-track ck job 2 (career eer-track j job in in ch charge o

• f ca

case 1) 1) Career er-track ck job 3 (career eer-track j job in in ch charge o

• f ca

case 2) 2) Desig igner ner 1 1 (desig igne ner c chie ief) Desig igner ner 2 2 (desig igne ner in cha in charge o

• f ca

cases 1 1 and nd 2) 2)

【 quest stion i item m 】 ⅰ. Abo About the r retur urn o

• f the d

e design p n product uction w n work g goods ⅱ. Abo About sharin ing t the solutio ion pattern o

• f the d

desig ign p proble lem ⅲ. Abo About the f foothold ld t to provid ide desig igner's i improvin ing d directio ion ⅳ. W Whet ether her the u e under erstand nding ng o

• f this a

approach ch i is possible a e at time t e that the he load i is no not put ut o

• n

n the he cur current o

• per

eration about ⅴ. Abo About mutua ual und nder erstanding ng o

• f the w

e word a and the p e proce cess w with h the e designe ner

Result of the Questionnaire

17

SLIDE 18

Conside sideratio ion

1.

• 1. About

ut the he ascer certainmen ent of a co comm mmodity for whi hich ch the he approach in n the he pres esen ent stud udy is sui uitable e and nd a co commodity no not so 2.

• 2. About

ut the he co cons nsens nsus bui uilding of the he ev evaluation of AHP 3.

• 3. About

ut the he oper eration met etho hod in n the he bus usines ess of des esign ver ersion TR TRIZ

18 The evaluation item of the design and the individual's production intention were quantified, and making the evaluation item and the design problem solution process that led to the design improvement visible became possible.

Fut utur ure Ta e Tasks

SLIDE 19

Re Refere rence Li Lite tera ratu ture re

[1 [1] Hi Hiroshi Kub ubot

• ta,

, Te Tetsu Sera, N Nob

• buo

uo Tab Tab, K Kazuhi uhiro

• Huk

ukuha uhara, , Yos

• shi

hium umi Inoue noue, ” , ”Maki king g to Visi sible Ch Change ges s your

• ur Co

Company - Theor heory and Pract ctice ce of

• f Maki

king g to to Vis isib ible le in in Going g up up of

• f Effect

ffect”, ”, Japanes nese e Standard rds s Associ

• ciation
• n (2012)

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• kout
• uti, Sh

, Shin inji ji Watanabe: : ”Prop

• pos
• sal of
• f

Met ethod hod of

• f Ev

Evaluating g Interf rface B Base sed on

• n Agreem

eement ent wi with Des esign n Concep

• ncept”,

”, J Japanes nese e Soci

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• f Desi

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• the

he Technol echnolog

• gica

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• rtuni

unities es of

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50 a Ye Year ar or Mor

• re

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• n Sol
• lut

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• ntrol
• l V

Vol

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66, No.

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• D. L

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• ntradict

ction

• n Matrix”,

”, CR CREA EAX Pre ress ss (2003) 2003) [8 [8] Willia illiam Lind ndwel el “Des esign n Rul ules es Index x Law of

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sign gn and New ew C Cent entum um”, BNN NN New ew C Com

• mpany

ny (2000 (2000) [9 [9] Hi Hiroki Sato, , Daiki ki Tanaka ka, , Tsu suyosi si Hom

• meno

eno, , Kout

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kata: : “Visu sual Fe Feature re Analysi sis s of

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• duct

uct th that t Uses es Hier erarchi chica cal Ana nalysis Met ethod hod”, ”, J Japanes nese e Soci

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sign gn (2008) 2008) [1 [10] ] Katsu suo Inoue noue: ” : ”Desi sign gn and Se Sensib ibilit ility”, , Kai i Bun un Do Do ( (2005) 2005) 19