World War I “The War to End All Wars” (1914-1919) Slides by Mr. Zindman 3
NEW YORK STATE STANDARD World War I 8.4 WORLD WAR I : Various diplomatic, economic, and ideological factors contributed to the United States decision to enter World War I. Involvement in the war significantly altered the lives of Americans. (Standards: 1, 2, 4; Themes: SOC, GOV, ECO, TECH) 8.4a European militarism, the alliance system, imperialism, and nationalism were all factors that contributed to the start of World War I. 8.4b International, economic, and military developments swayed opinion in favor of the United States siding with the Allies and entering World War I. Domestic responses to World War I limited civil liberties within the United States. • Students will examine an overview of the causes of World War I, focusing on the factors leading to United States entry into the war. • Students will examine examples of war propaganda and its effects on support for United States involvement in the war. • Students will examine the restrictions placed on citizens after United States entry into the war, including the Espionage Act (1917) and the Sedition Act (1918). 8.4c New military technologies changed military strategy in World War I and resulted in an unprecedented number of casualties. • Students will examine the effects of the changes in military technologies used during World War I, including trench warfare, chemical weapons, machine guns, and aircraft. 8.4d Following extensive political debate, the United States refused to ratify the Treaty of Versailles. The United States then sought to return to prewar policies by focusing on domestic rather than international matters. • Students will examine Wilson’s Fourteen Points and investigate reasons why the United States Senate refused to support the Treaty of Versailles, focusing on opposition to the League of 4 Nations.
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS: 1. What caused World War I? What effect did propaganda have on World War I? 2. What restrictions were placed on American citizens during World War I? 3. What new military warfare technology and strategies were used in World War I? 4. Why did the United States Senate reject the Treaty of Versailles and Wilson’s Fourteen Points? ENDURING UNDERSTANDINGS : • Wars can be avoided if representatives from every nation met collectively to solve world wide problems. • Superpowers have the responsibility to protect countries from terrorism, when they can not help themselves. I CAN STATEMENTS: I can explain the causes of WWI. I can explain how propaganda helped ”fuel” WWI. I can spell out what restrictions Americans faced during WWI. I can describe the new weapon technology used in WWI. I can give details on why the Fourteen Points and League of Nations failed. LANGUAGE OBJECTIVE: 1.To determine the topic and supporting details from an informational text. 2.To determine the central idea from an informational text 3.To make an inference using supporting evidence from a text. 5
formative Assessment 1. What were the causes of World War I? Explain your answer. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 2. How did propaganda helped ”fuel” WWI? Explain your answer. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 3. What restrictions did Americans face during WWI ? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 4. What new weapon technology was used in WWI? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 5. Why was the Fourteen Points a failure? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 6
1. War in Europe-What started World War I? In 1914 Europe exploded into war. Extreme feelings of nationalism , or pride in one’s nation, fueled the tension between countries. European nationalists demanded freedom and self-government. Imperialism fueled rivalries between powerful nations to take over less powerful countries. Between 1870 and 1914, Britain, France, Germany, Italy, and Russia scrambled to take over colonies in Africa, Asia, and Pacific. I can explain the causes of WWI. I can explain how propaganda helped ”fuel” WWI. I can spell out what restrictions Americans faced during WWI. I can describe the new weapon technology used in WWI. I can give details on why the Fourteen Points and League of Nations failed. 7
Another source of war was tensions in Europe over militarism, the policy of building up strong armed forces to prepare for the war. Super powers built up their military forces and made formed alliances with other superpowers. Germany organized a Triple Alliance with Austria-Hungry and Italy. France responded by a I can explain the causes of WWI. I can explain how propaganda helped ”fuel” WWI. I can spell hooking themselves up with out what restrictions Americans faced during WWI. I can describe the new weapon technology Russia and Britain in the used in WWI. I can give details on why the Fourteen Points and League of Nations failed. Triple Entente. 8
In June 1914, the new crisis struck and helped contribute to the start of World War I. The Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne in Austria-Hungary , and his family were shot by a terrorist on the street in Sarajevo. As a result, Austria-Hungary declared war on Siberia. They blamed Siberia (Russia) for the terrorist attack. The next day, Russia ordered its forces to mobilize, or prepare for war. Germany, called on Russia to cancel the order to prepare for war. When they received no reply from Russia, Germany declared war on Russia. Then Germany declared on France. World War I has begun! I can explain the causes of WWI. I can explain how propaganda helped ”fuel” WWI. I can spell out what restrictions Americans faced during WWI. I can describe the new weapon technology used in WWI. I can give details on why the Fourteen Points and League of Nations failed. 9
In World War I countries started taking sides, the Central and Allied Powers. The Central Powers- Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman or Turkish Empire (Turkey) Allied Powers- France, Britain, and Russia. In time, twenty one other nations, including Italy joined the Allies. Both sides dug in, creating a maze of trenches protected by mines and barbed wire. Soldiers spent weeks in these muddy rat- infested holes in the ground. I can explain the causes of WWI. I can explain how propaganda helped ”fuel” WWI. I can spell out what restrictions Americans faced during WWI. I can describe the new weapon technology used in WWI. I can give details on why the Fourteen Points and League of Nations failed. 10
Europe and Asia choose sides. I can explain the causes of WWI. I can explain how propaganda helped ”fuel” WWI. I can spell out what restrictions Americans faced during WWI. I can describe the new weapon technology used in WWI. I can give details on why the Fourteen Points and League of Nations failed. 11
Weapons used in World War I The machine gun , dominated the World War I battlefield. Machine guns became the weapon of choice for the infantry soldiers . I can explain the causes of WWI. I can explain how propaganda helped ”fuel” WWI. I can spell out what restrictions Americans faced during WWI. I can describe the new weapon technology used in WWI. I can give details on why the Fourteen Points and League of Nations failed. 12
Trench Warfare In trench warfare opposing armed forces attack, counterattack, and defend from relatively permanent systems of trenches dug into the ground. The opposing systems of trenches are usually close to one another. Trench warfare is resorted to when the superior firepower of the defense compels the opposing forces to “dig in” so extensively as to sacrifice their mobility in order to gain protection . I can explain the causes of WWI. I can explain how propaganda helped ”fuel” WWI. I can spell out what restrictions Americans faced during WWI. I can describe the new weapon technology used in WWI. I can give details on why the Fourteen Points and League of Nations failed. 13
Chemical Weapons Three substances were responsible for most chemical - weapons injuries and deaths during World War I : chlorine, phosgene, and mustard gas. ... Although the Germans were the first to use phosgene on the battlefield, it became the primary chemical weapon of the Allies. Chemical weapons caused choking, blindness, skin blisters, and sometimes death! Today world leaders in the United Nations react seriously to the use of chemical weapons! I can explain the causes of WWI. I can explain how propaganda helped ”fuel” WWI. I can spell out what restrictions Americans faced during WWI. I can describe the new weapon technology used in WWI. I can give details on why the 14 Fourteen Points and League of Nations failed.
Recommend
More recommend
