Workshop on Community Based Hazard Map Development Dhaka: 28-29 - - PDF document

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Workshop on Community Based Hazard Map Development Dhaka: 28-29 November 2007

• Dr. Aslam Alam

National Program Management Expert, CDMP Ministry of Food and Disaster Management

Natural Hazards Management in Bangladesh- An Overview

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Location of Bangladesh in South Asia

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Major Hazards Major Hazards

river bank erosion

floods

Cyclone, tornado and storm surge drought

salinity water logging

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Major Disasters Major Disasters

Year Year Disaster Disaster Death Death

1970 1970 Cyclone Cyclone 300,000 300,000 1985 1985 Cyclone Cyclone 5704 5704 1988 1988 Flood Flood 2373 2373 1989 1989 Drought Drought 800 800 1991 1991 Cyclone Cyclone 138,868 138,868 1996 1996 Tornado Tornado 545 545 1997 1997 Cyclone Cyclone 550 550 1998 1998 Flood Flood 1050 1050 2004 2004 Flood Flood 747 747 2007 2007 Flood Flood 1071 1071 2007 2007 Cyclone Cyclone 3255+ 3255+

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GoB Vision on Disaster Management

The Disaster Management Vision of the The Disaster Management Vision of the Government of Bangladesh is to reduce the risk of Government of Bangladesh is to reduce the risk of people, especially the poor and the disadvantaged, people, especially the poor and the disadvantaged, from the effects of natural, environmental and from the effects of natural, environmental and human induced hazards, to a manageable and human induced hazards, to a manageable and acceptable humanitarian level, and to have in acceptable humanitarian level, and to have in place an efficient emergency response system place an efficient emergency response system capable of handling large scale disasters. capable of handling large scale disasters.

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MoFDM Mission

To achieve a paradigm shift in disaster To achieve a paradigm shift in disaster management from conventional response management from conventional response and relief practice to a more comprehensive and relief practice to a more comprehensive risk reduction culture risk reduction culture

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MoFDM Strategic Goals

• Goal 1: Professionalizing The Disaster Management System

Goal 1: Professionalizing The Disaster Management System

• Goal 2: Mainstreaming Risk Reduction

Goal 2: Mainstreaming Risk Reduction

• Goal 3: Strengthening Institutional Mechanisms

Goal 3: Strengthening Institutional Mechanisms

• Goal 4: Empowering At Risk Communities

Goal 4: Empowering At Risk Communities

• Goal 5: Expanding Risk Reduction Programming

Goal 5: Expanding Risk Reduction Programming

• Goal 6: Strengthening Emergency Response Systems

Goal 6: Strengthening Emergency Response Systems

• Goal 7: Developing And Strengthening Networks

Goal 7: Developing And Strengthening Networks

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Disaster Management Regulative Framework Programming for implementation ►Guideline ►Templates ► Local Plans ► Hazard Plans Sectoral Plans (DRR incorporated) Sectoral Policies (DRR incorporated) SOD National Plan for DM DM Policy Disaster Management Act

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National Disaster Management Council Inter Ministerial Disaster Management Coordination Committee (IMDMCC) National Disaster Management Advisory Council (NDMAC) Ministry of Food and Disaster Management Directorate of Relief and Rehabilitation Disaster Management Bureau District Disaster Management Committee Upazila Disaster Management Committee City Corporation Disaster Management Committee Municipal Disaster Management Committee Union Disaster Management Committee

Disaster Management Institutions in Bangladesh

Directorate of Food Cyclone Preparedness Programme Implementation Board Zone/ Upazila Union Village

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Local Level Committees under SOD Local Level Committees under SOD

• District Disaster Management Committee (DDMC)

District Disaster Management Committee (DDMC) headed by the headed by the Deputy Commissioner (DC) to co Deputy Commissioner (DC) to co-

• ordinate and review the disaster
• rdinate and review the disaster

management activities at the district level. management activities at the district level.

• Upazila

Upazila Disaster Management Committee (UZDMC) Disaster Management Committee (UZDMC) headed by headed by the Upazila Nirbahi Officer (UNO) to co the Upazila Nirbahi Officer (UNO) to co-

• ordinate and review the
• rdinate and review the

disaster management activities at the Upazila level. disaster management activities at the Upazila level.

• Union Disaster Management Committee (UDMC)

Union Disaster Management Committee (UDMC) headed by the headed by the Chairman of the Union Parishad to co Chairman of the Union Parishad to co-

• ordinate, review and
• rdinate, review and

implement the disaster management activities of the concerned implement the disaster management activities of the concerned union. union.

• Pourashava

Pourashava Disaster Management Committee (PDMC) Disaster Management Committee (PDMC) headed headed by Chairman of Pourashava (municipality) to co by Chairman of Pourashava (municipality) to co-

• ordinate, review and
• rdinate, review and

implement the disaster management activities within its area of implement the disaster management activities within its area of jurisdiction. jurisdiction.

• City Corporation

City Corporation Disaster Management Committee (CCDMC) Disaster Management Committee (CCDMC) headed by the Mayor of City Corporations to co headed by the Mayor of City Corporations to co-

• ordinate, review and
• rdinate, review and

implement the disaster management activities within its area of implement the disaster management activities within its area of jurisdiction. jurisdiction.

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A Comprehensive Approach

Three Key Elements: Three Key Elements:

1. 1.

Getting the PPRR balance right Getting the PPRR balance right

2. 2.

Mainstreaming risk reduction within whole of Mainstreaming risk reduction within whole of government systems government systems

3. 3.

Empowering stakeholders partners and Empowering stakeholders partners and communities communities

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Mainstreaming Strategies: Mainstreaming Strategies: National to Community National to Community

Upazila L evel N ational District Level U nion L evel Com m unity Level

A dvocacy - A w areness Raising Policy and Planning Reform s Capacity B uilding R isk Red uction Planning Processes (linked to C R A outcom es) U niform C RA G uidelines C ollaborative Partnerships

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Community Risk Assessment Community Risk Assessment-

• Bangladesh

Bangladesh

• Risk Assessment was done initially by CARE just as hazard

Risk Assessment was done initially by CARE just as hazard and resource mapping of community and resource mapping of community

• Vulnerability Assessment, particularly PVA is practiced by a few

Vulnerability Assessment, particularly PVA is practiced by a few local NGOs who are partners of Action Aid and Oxfam (Oxfam local NGOs who are partners of Action Aid and Oxfam (Oxfam partners usually term the assessment as PVCA) partners usually term the assessment as PVCA)

• DMB has prepared country wide Hazard Mapping of Floods,

DMB has prepared country wide Hazard Mapping of Floods, Cyclone, Earthquake and Drought Cyclone, Earthquake and Drought

• Institute of Water Modeling, CEGIS, Bangladesh Water

Institute of Water Modeling, CEGIS, Bangladesh Water Development Board conducted research on hazard Development Board conducted research on hazard susceptibility and possible inundation modeling susceptibility and possible inundation modeling

• CDMP, a MoFDM programme, has initiated comprehensive risk

CDMP, a MoFDM programme, has initiated comprehensive risk assessment at community level since August 2006. assessment at community level since August 2006.

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Community Risk Assessment Community Risk Assessment-

• Bangladesh

Bangladesh

• The main objective of the programme is to facilitate the ministr

The main objective of the programme is to facilitate the ministry y to realize a cultural shift in disaster management from relief to realize a cultural shift in disaster management from relief centered approach (reactive approach) to a more centered approach (reactive approach) to a more comprehensive risk reduction approach (pro comprehensive risk reduction approach (pro-

• active approach)

active approach)

• Risk Assessment is one of the important task of CDMP in

Risk Assessment is one of the important task of CDMP in facilitating the paradigm shift; as risk assessment is the basis facilitating the paradigm shift; as risk assessment is the basis of

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mainstreaming, capacity development and need identification mainstreaming, capacity development and need identification

• Participatory Community Risk Assessment blending the

Participatory Community Risk Assessment blending the scientific predictions and information in the process, is a key scientific predictions and information in the process, is a key tools of community empowerment. tools of community empowerment.

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Union DMC Upazila / Pourashava DMC District DMC

DRR

MOFDM

Risk Assessment Partners Risk Reduction Implementation Partners

Other GOB Agencies DMB 18 18

Community Based Success Story: Community Based Success Story:

Cyclone Preparedness Programme (CPP) Cyclone Preparedness Programme (CPP)

• A joint programme between Ministry of Food and Disaster

A joint programme between Ministry of Food and Disaster Management and Bangladesh Red Crescent Society. Management and Bangladesh Red Crescent Society.

• Covers 11 districts in the coastal areas.

Covers 11 districts in the coastal areas.

• Have 28,450 trained male and 14,225 female volunteers.

Have 28,450 trained male and 14,225 female volunteers.

• 2845 teams of volunteers

2845 teams of volunteers

• Engaged in warning dissemination and evaquation

Engaged in warning dissemination and evaquation

• 2,160

2,160 Cyclone Shelters along the coastal belt of Cyclone Shelters along the coastal belt of Bangladesh. Bangladesh.

• Integrating Tsunami risks with Cyclones and storm surges

Integrating Tsunami risks with Cyclones and storm surges as a part of all as a part of all-

• hazards risk reduction framework.

hazards risk reduction framework.

• CPP volunteers contributed to the amazing success in

CPP volunteers contributed to the amazing success in reducing cyclone death tolls. reducing cyclone death tolls.

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