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Ombeline Sculfort Evolution of chemical defenses within Heliconiini butterflies
Bastien Nay Violaine Llaurens Marianne Elias
LABEX
within Heliconiini butterflies Bastien Nay - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
within Heliconiini butterflies Bastien Nay - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
LABEX Ombeline Sculfort Evolution of chemical defenses within Heliconiini butterflies Bastien Nay Violaine Llaurens Marianne Elias INTRODUCTION Heliconiini butterflies INTRODUCTION Mullerian mimicry
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INTRODUCTION – Mullerian mimicry
Toxic species sharing common warning signal: wing pattern ▪ Convergent evolution ▪ Mimicry ring
bybio.wordpress.com Modified from Mathieu Joron
TRY
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INTRODUCTION – Mimicry ring
Toxic species sharing a common warning signal within a given habitat High abundance → low toxicity ? Low abundance → High toxicity ? Butterfly toxicity modulates predator learning process
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INTRODUCTION –What influence toxicity evolution?
▪ All stages are toxic: cyanogenic glucosides (CGs) ▪ Plant secondary metabolite (plant coevolution) ▪ Some are capable of de novo synthesis (larvae and adult)
metamorphosis
- H. numata
Synthesized Sequestered
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PATTERN TOXICITY Predation Plant coevolution (new chemicals) Mimicry ring
QUESTIONS
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PATTERN TOXICITY Diversification? Predation Plant coevolution (new chemicals) Mimicry ring
QUESTIONS
?
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BUTTERFLY SAMPLING
Spatial data for Heliconius butterflies and allies http://www.ucl.ac.uk/taxome/neil_rosser/
LC-MS LC-MS/MS 155 wild butterflies 31 species, 7 genera 4 countries →To identify and to quantify toxins
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v v Kozaket al,. 2015
6 basal genera (6 species) Eueides (4 species) Heliconius (21 species) Heliconiini 77 species
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Phylogenetic signal: Blomberg’s K Synthesized toxins → significant Appeared in common ancestor (Zagrobelny et al., 2018) Sequestered toxins → NS coevolution with hostplant? Toxin diversification in Heliconius, linked to host plant shift?
1: Toxin diversification – qualitative variations
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1: Toxin diversification – quantitative variations
20 40 60 80 100 120
µg/mg
Mean toxin concentrations per species
Basal genera Eueides Heliconius
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2: Variations among mimicry rings
ANOVA Pr(>F) 0.0719 Phylogenetic ANOVA Pr(>F) 0.525
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2: Variations among mimicry rings
5 2 5 4 9 6
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2: Variations among mimicry rings
Within ring?
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Within ring?
2: Variations among mimicry rings
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3: Variations within mimicry ring – Blue
20 40 60 80 100 120
- H. congener
- H. doris blue
- H. eleuchia
- H. sara
- H. wallacei
Mean toxin concentrations (µg/mg)
linamarin epi/lotaustralin epivolkenin tetraphyllinA/deidaclin gynocardin dihydrogynocardin
Spatial data for Heliconius butterflies and allies http://www.ucl.ac.uk/taxome/neil_rosser/
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3: Variations within mimicry ring –Tiger
10 20 30 40 50 60
- H. ethilla
aerotome
- H. hecale
felix
- E. isabella
- E. lampeto
acacetes
- H. numata
tarapotensis H. pardalinus
linamarin epi/lotaustralin
Mean toxin concentrations (µg/mg)
Spatial data for Heliconius butterflies and allies http://www.ucl.ac.uk/taxome/neil_rosser/
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CONCLUSION
Toxin diversification
Diversification of toxin composition in Heliconius, linked with host plant? No variations in toxin concentrations
Among mimicry ring
No strong effect of mimicry among groups
Within mimicry ring
Evolution of toxicity leads to different way of acquiring toxins No significative results Toxicity evolution → Phylogeny = synthesized toxins + ecology = sequestered toxins Increase sample size!
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THANK YOU !
LABEX
- V. Llaurens
- M. Elias
- K. Kozak
- B. Nay
- E. de Castro
- S. Bak
- C. Le Roy
- C. Pinna
ESEB Organizers
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EMILIE SHELL RODD PLANTE/BUTTERFLIES
All the tiger butterflies, belonging to my rayed red ring
Emilie shell rodd plante/butterflies
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All the tiger butterflies, belonging to my orange ring
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