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wheat or are there other opportunities with barley and oats? Raj - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Sep 11, 2022 266 likes •912 views

Is April the best sowing opportunity for wheat or are there other opportunities with barley and oats? Raj Malik and Jeremy Curry, DPIRD Context & aims - Early sowing in April is becoming a norm in Western Australia and wheat is preferred

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SLIDE 1

Is April the best sowing opportunity for wheat or are there other opportunities with barley and oats?

Raj Malik and Jeremy Curry, DPIRD

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SLIDE 2
  • Early sowing in April is becoming a norm in Western Australia and wheat is

preferred choice

  • Are there any other options e.g. barley or oats?
  • The answer is “YES”

Context & aims

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SLIDE 3

Q 1. Which cereal option is best for April sowing? A. Barley was higher yielding and more profitable than wheat and oats at all sowing times (mid-April to late May). Q 2. Which is the best variety to grow at April sowing?

  • A. Barley: generally no significant difference between barley varieties although

grade and quality will provide points of difference. Oats: Bannister, Williams and Kojonup are the best option for April sown oats. Wheat: Mid-long maturity (Trojan, Cutlass, Magenta etc.) have the highest yield in the absence of frost. For frost prone areas, winter or very long spring wheats flower latest and give best chance of avoiding frost.

Key Findings

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SLIDE 4

9 trials 2015 - 2017

2015 2 species - barley and wheat (6 var of each) at Dandaragan, Katanning and Gibson (EDRS) 2016 3 species - barley, oats and wheat (6 var of each) at Northam (Muresk), Katanning and Gibson 2017 3 species - barley, oats and wheat (6 var of each) at Northam (Muresk), Lake Grace and Gibson 3 times of sowing (TOS)

TOS1 mid-April (13 -16 April) TOS2 early-May (2 -7 May) TOS3 late-May (25 - 27 May)

Design 3 reps, 6 banks TOS/species/varieties

The trials

Barley Oats Wheat Compass Bannister Cutlass La Trobe Carrolup Mace Flinders Kojonup Magenta Granger Yallara Trojan Rosalind Durack Whistler/Wylah Urambie Williams Yitpi

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SLIDE 5

Question 1 - Which species is ideal for mid-April?

Data source – Barley, Break Crops and Wheat Agronomy projects

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SLIDE 6

Barley is higher yielding than wheat and oats

Grain yield (t/ha) of barley higher or less than wheat and oats

Question 2 - Which species is higher yielding for mid-April sowing?

Year Location Wheat Oats

Overall mid-April sowing Overall mid-April sowing 2015 Dandaragan >2.2 >2.6

  • Katanning

>1.4 >1.9

  • Gibson

>1.3 >1.6

  • 2016

Northam >1.8 >2.1 <0.5 <0.6 Katanning >1.1 >0.5 >0.4 <0.5 Gibson >1.2 >0.4 >0.9 >0.2 2017 Northam >1.3 >1.1 >1.6 >0.8 Lake Grace >1.0 >0.9 >1.2 >1.1 Gibson >1.6 >1.7 >0.4 >0.4

Data source – Barley, Break Crops and Wheat Agronomy projects

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SLIDE 7

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Katanning Gibson Northam Katanning Gibson Northam Lake Grace Gibson 2015 2016 2017

Grain yield (t/ha) Site year

Barley grain yields (t/ha) - mid-April sowing

Compass Flinders Granger La Trobe Rosalind Urambie LSD

n.s.

Question 2 - Which variety of barley or oats is ideal for mid-April sowing?

n.s. n.s. n.s.

Data source – Barley, Break Crops and Wheat Agronomy projects

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SLIDE 8

Question 2 - Which variety of barley or oats is ideal for mid-April sowing?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Northam Katanning Gibson Northam Lake Grace Gibson 2016 2017

Grain yield (t/ha) Site year

Oats grain yields (t/ha) - mid-April sowing

Bannister Carrolup Durack Kojonup Williams Yallara LSD

lsd = 0.3

Data source – Barley and Break Crops Agronomy projects

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SLIDE 9

Barley is more profitable than wheat and oats

Net returns ($/ha) of barley higher than wheat and oats in 2017

Question 3 - Which species or variety is more profitable for mid-April sowing?

Location Wheat Oats Overall mid-April sowing Overall mid-April sowing Northam >285 >214 >465 >303 Lake Grace >192 >238 >342 >375 Gibson >186 >253 >133 >117

Data source – Barley and Break Crops Agronomy projects

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SLIDE 10

Barley was higher yielding and more profitable than wheat and oats at all sowing times (mid-April to late May). For April sowing, generally there was no significant difference in yield among barley varieties, although grade and quality risk provide points of difference. Bannister, Williams and Kojonup are the best option for April sown oats

Key Messages

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SLIDE 11
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SLIDE 12

2015 2016 2017

Gibson

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD

3 4 5 6 7 16-Apr 8-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 3 4 5 6 7 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

3 4 5 6 7 14-Apr 9-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

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SLIDE 13

2015 2016 2017

Gibson

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD

3 4 5 6 7 16-Apr 8-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 3 4 5 6 7 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

3 4 5 6 7 14-Apr 9-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

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SLIDE 14

3 4 5 6 7 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

2015 2016 2017

Gibson

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD

3 4 5 6 7 16-Apr 8-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

3 4 5 6 7 14-Apr 9-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

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SLIDE 15

2015 2016 2017

Gibson

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD

3 4 5 6 7 16-Apr 8-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 3 4 5 6 7 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

3 4 5 6 7 14-Apr 9-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

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SLIDE 16

2015 2016 2017

Gibson

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD

3 4 5 6 7 16-Apr 8-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 3 4 5 6 7 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

3 4 5 6 7 14-Apr 9-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

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SLIDE 17

2015 2016 2017

Gibson

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD

3 4 5 6 7 16-Apr 8-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 3 4 5 6 7 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

3 4 5 6 7 14-Apr 9-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

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SLIDE 18

2015 2016 2017

Gibson

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD

3 4 5 6 7 16-Apr 8-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 3 4 5 6 7 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

3 4 5 6 7 14-Apr 9-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

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SLIDE 19

2015 2016 2017

Gibson

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD

3 4 5 6 7 16-Apr 8-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 3 4 5 6 7 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

3 4 5 6 7 14-Apr 9-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

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SLIDE 20

2015 2016 2017

Gibson

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD

3 4 5 6 7 16-Apr 8-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 3 4 5 6 7 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

3 4 5 6 7 14-Apr 9-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Time of sowing does not have a major effect on yield for main season varieties.

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SLIDE 21

2015 2016 2017

Gibson

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD

3 4 5 6 7 16-Apr 8-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 3 4 5 6 7 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

3 4 5 6 7 14-Apr 9-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Choose a well adapted variety (Trojan, Scepter, DS Pascal etc.) and sow it at a reasonable time (ANZAC Day onwards) for quality reasons.

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SLIDE 22

2015 2016 2017

Katanning

1 2 3 4 16-Apr 6-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 13-Apr 27-Apr 11-May 29-May 21-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

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SLIDE 23

2015 2016 2017

Katanning

1 2 3 4 16-Apr 6-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 13-Apr 27-Apr 11-May 29-May 21-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

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SLIDE 24

2015 2016 2017

Katanning

1 2 3 4 16-Apr 6-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 13-Apr 27-Apr 11-May 29-May 21-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

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SLIDE 25

2015 2016 2017

Katanning

1 2 3 4 16-Apr 6-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 13-Apr 27-Apr 11-May 29-May 21-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

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SLIDE 26

2015 2016 2017

Katanning

1 2 3 4 16-Apr 6-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 13-Apr 27-Apr 11-May 29-May 21-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

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SLIDE 27

2015 2016 2017

Katanning

1 2 3 4 16-Apr 6-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 13-Apr 27-Apr 11-May 29-May 21-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

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SLIDE 28

2015 2016 2017

Katanning

1 2 3 4 16-Apr 6-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 13-Apr 27-Apr 11-May 29-May 21-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

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SLIDE 29

2015 2016 2017

Katanning

1 2 3 4 16-Apr 6-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 13-Apr 27-Apr 11-May 29-May 21-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

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SLIDE 30

2015 2016 2017

Katanning

1 2 3 4 16-Apr 6-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 13-Apr 27-Apr 11-May 29-May 21-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

Time of sowing had a major effect – frost risk heavily reduced yield with mid April sowing.

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SLIDE 31

2015 2016 2017

Katanning

1 2 3 4 16-Apr 6-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 13-Apr 27-Apr 11-May 29-May 21-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

Avoid April sowing due to frost risk – delaying seeding will likely increase yields

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SLIDE 32

2015 2016 2017

Katanning

1 2 3 4 16-Apr 6-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 13-Apr 27-Apr 11-May 29-May 21-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

If absolutely necessary to plant in April, plant very long or winter wheats

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SLIDE 33

2016 2017

Merredin

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD

1 2 3 4 5 15-Apr 10-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

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SLIDE 34

2016 2017

Merredin

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD

1 2 3 4 5 15-Apr 10-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

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SLIDE 35

2016 2017

Merredin

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD

1 2 3 4 5 15-Apr 10-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

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SLIDE 36

2016 2017

Merredin

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD

1 2 3 4 5 15-Apr 10-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

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SLIDE 37

2016 2017

Merredin

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD

1 2 3 4 5 15-Apr 10-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

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SLIDE 38

2016 2017

Merredin

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD

1 2 3 4 5 15-Apr 10-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

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SLIDE 39

2016 2017

Merredin

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD

1 2 3 4 5 15-Apr 10-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

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SLIDE 40

2016 2017

Merredin

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD

1 2 3 4 5 15-Apr 10-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

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SLIDE 41

2016 2017

Merredin

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD

1 2 3 4 5 15-Apr 10-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

There was no great advantage or disadvantage of April sowing in 2016 and 2017.

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SLIDE 42

2016 2017

Merredin

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD

1 2 3 4 5 15-Apr 10-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

In the absence of frost, mid-long material is more adapted to April sowing (and reduces risk with delayed emergence).

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SLIDE 43

2016 2017

Merredin

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD

1 2 3 4 5 15-Apr 10-May 27-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

Diversifying varieties for early sowing will benefit more than diversifying varieties for late sowing.

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SLIDE 44

2016 2017

Mullewa

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

1 2 3 4 5 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 27-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

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SLIDE 45

2016 2017

Mullewa

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

1 2 3 4 5 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 27-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

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SLIDE 46

2016 2017

Mullewa

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

1 2 3 4 5 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 27-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

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SLIDE 47

2016 2017

Mullewa

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

1 2 3 4 5 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 27-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

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SLIDE 48

2016 2017

Mullewa

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

1 2 3 4 5 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 27-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

slide-49
SLIDE 49

2016 2017

Mullewa

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

1 2 3 4 5 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 27-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

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SLIDE 50

2016 2017

Mullewa

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

1 2 3 4 5 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 27-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

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SLIDE 51

2016 2017

Mullewa

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

1 2 3 4 5 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 27-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

slide-52
SLIDE 52

2016 2017

Mullewa

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

1 2 3 4 5 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 27-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

April sowing did not confer a yield advantage in 2016 or 2017.

slide-53
SLIDE 53

2016 2017

Mullewa

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

1 2 3 4 5 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 27-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

2017 results were influenced strongly by major August rainfall.

slide-54
SLIDE 54

2016 2017

Mullewa

Source: B Shackley, J Curry, D Nicol, C Zaicou, DPIRD Error bar = LSD (p<0.05) for within TOS.

1 2 3 4 5 14-Apr 5-May 26-May Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date 1 2 3 4 5 13-Apr 26-Apr 10-May 27-May 20-Jun Yield (t/ha) Sowing Date

Mid-long material is more adapted to April sowing (and reduces risk with delayed emergence).

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SLIDE 55

WA early season NVT 2017

1 2 3 4 5

Yield (t/ha)

Ogilvie Eneabba York Sown 20th April Irrigated 23rd April Sown 20th April into moisture Sown 24th April into moisture

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SLIDE 56

2017 Blackpoint

Gibson Katanning Mullewa Source: DPIRD Wheat Agronomy

10 20 30 40 50 60 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Blackpoint count (per 1BPM) Sowing Date 10 20 30 40 50 60 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Blackpoint count (per 1BPM) Sowing Date 10 20 30 40 50 60 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Blackpoint count (per 1BPM) Sowing Date

slide-57
SLIDE 57

2017 Blackpoint

Gibson Katanning Mullewa Source: DPIRD Wheat Agronomy

10 20 30 40 50 60 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Blackpoint count (per 1BPM) Sowing Date 10 20 30 40 50 60 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Blackpoint count (per 1BPM) Sowing Date 10 20 30 40 50 60 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Blackpoint count (per 1BPM) Sowing Date

slide-58
SLIDE 58

2017 Blackpoint

Gibson Katanning Mullewa Source: DPIRD Wheat Agronomy

10 20 30 40 50 60 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Blackpoint count (per 1BPM) Sowing Date 10 20 30 40 50 60 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Blackpoint count (per 1BPM) Sowing Date 10 20 30 40 50 60 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Blackpoint count (per 1BPM) Sowing Date

slide-59
SLIDE 59

2017 Blackpoint

Gibson Katanning Mullewa Source: DPIRD Wheat Agronomy

10 20 30 40 50 60 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Blackpoint count (per 1BPM) Sowing Date 10 20 30 40 50 60 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Blackpoint count (per 1BPM) Sowing Date 10 20 30 40 50 60 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Blackpoint count (per 1BPM) Sowing Date

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SLIDE 60

2017 Blackpoint

Gibson Katanning Mullewa Source: DPIRD Wheat Agronomy

10 20 30 40 50 60 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Blackpoint count (per 1BPM) Sowing Date 10 20 30 40 50 60 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Blackpoint count (per 1BPM) Sowing Date 10 20 30 40 50 60 13-Apr 27-Apr 10-May 25-May 20-Jun Blackpoint count (per 1BPM) Sowing Date

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SLIDE 61

If I am deadset keen to sow wheat mid-April…

Major constraint What to grow Example Mullewa Bolting/Grain filling drought Mid long Magenta, Cutlass Merredin Frost/grain filling drought Mid long Magenta, Trojan, Cutlass Very long spring or winter for frost prone areas Katanning Frost Very long spring

  • r winter

Forrest Longsword Other winter Gibson Quality (PHS, BP) Mid-long Trojan DS Pascal

slide-62
SLIDE 62

Barley was higher yielding and more profitable than wheat and oats at all sowing times (mid-April to late May). For April sowing, generally there was no significant difference in yield among barley varieties, although grade and quality risk provide points of difference. Bannister, Williams and Kojonup are the best option for April sown oats. On the basis of yield and quality, the case for sowing wheat in April is not strong, but varies with location (frost, blackpoint etc.). For April sowing in low frost risk areas, sow a mid-long (e.g. Magenta, Trojan, Cutlass, Pascal) with favourable agronomics (disease, BP, PHS). For April sowing in frost prone areas, long spring and winter wheats are typically the highest yielding and give best chance to miss frosts.

Conclusions

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SLIDE 63

Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) A Level 4, East Building, 4 National Circuit, Barton, ACT 2600 Australia P PO Box 5367 Kingston, ACT 2604 Australia T +61 2 6166 4500 F +61 2 6166 4599 www.grdc.com.au @thegrdc @GRDCWest #GRDCUpdates

Thank you

DPIRD/GRDC co-funded agronomy projects: DAW00227 – Tactical break crop agronomy in Western Australia DAW00249 – Tactical wheat agronomy for the West DAW00224 – Management of barley and barley cultivars in Western Australia

Acknowledgements: ConsultAg – cost and grain price for gross margin analysis. DPIRD’s Technical Support Units – Esperance, Geraldton, Katanning, Merredin, Northam. Technical officers – Barley, Break Crops and Wheat Agronomy projects

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17ES21 Esperance TOS1 TOS2 TOS3 Date_sowi ng 13-Apr 4-May 25-May Compass 19-Jul 9-Aug 26-Aug La Trobe 12-Jul 14-Aug 25-Aug Flinders 30-Jul 16-Aug 1-Sep Granger 20-Jul 12-Aug 28-Aug Rosalind 24-Jun 2-Aug 19-Aug Urambie 10-Aug 20-Aug 3-Sep

2017 barley phenology

17NO21 Muresk TOS1 TOS2 TOS3 Date_sowi ng 13-Apr 4-May 25-May Compass 8-Aug 20-Aug 27-Aug La Trobe 8-Aug 29-Aug 30-Aug Flinders 9-Aug 20-Aug 28-Aug Granger 10-Aug 22-Aug 31-Aug Rosalind 10-Aug 16-Aug 2-Sep Urambie 8-Aug 27-Aug 11-Sep 17ES17 Lake Grace TOS1 TOS2 TOS3 Date_sowi ng 13-Apr 4-May 25-May Compass 20-Jul 21-Aug 6-Sep La Trobe 18-Jul 22-Aug 5-Sep Flinders 30-Jul 28-Aug 14-Sep Granger 18-Jul 27-Aug 9-Sep Rosalind 26-Jun 18-Aug 10-Sep Urambie 25-Aug 2-Sep 14-Sep