What Ontologies are Basis for semantic web and knowledge-based - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
ormal ethods roup Debugging of ALC -Ontologies via Minimal Model Generation Fabio Papacchini Renate A. Schmidt School of Computer Science The University of Manchester April 9, 2015 F. Papacchini, R. A. Schmidt Ontology Debugging
Fabio Papacchini Renate A. Schmidt
School of Computer Science The University of Manchester April 9, 2015
Ontology Debugging April 9, 2015 1 / 7
Basis for semantic web and knowledge-based systems Widely used in practice: BBC, NHS, Klappo, . . . A formalism for knowledge representation
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Pizza Ontology ∀hasTopping.VegetarianTopping ⊑ VegetarianPizza MozzarellaTopping ⊑ VegetarianTopping TomatoTopping ⊑ VegetarianTopping Margherita ⊑ ∀hasTopping.(MozzarellaTopping ⊔ TomatoTopping) Margherita ⊑ ∃hasTopping.MozzarellaTopping Margherita ⊑ ∃hasTopping.TomatoTopping . . . Reasoning on the ontology allows to derive implicit information such as Margherita ⊑ VegetarianPizza
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Someone has to model the domain of interest. The resulting ontology is supposed to
Ontology debugging aims to guarantee that an ontology
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Pizza Ontology ∀hasTopping.VegetarianTopping ⊑ VegetarianPizza MozzarellaTopping ⊑ VegetarianTopping TomatoTopping ⊑ VegetarianTopping Margherita ⊑ ∀hasTopping.(MozzarellaTopping ⊔ TomatoTopping) Margherita ⊑ ∃hasTopping.MozzarellaTopping Margherita ⊑ ∃hasTopping.TomatoTopping . . . It is no longer true that Margherita ⊑ VegetarianPizza.
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Use model generation as tests in test-driven software development. Given an ontology O and a set Sα of properties, check if O | = α (O ∪ {¬α} | = ⊥) for all α ∈ Sα.
= α
– extraction of a model where ¬α is true – the model is an explanation of why O |
= α
– understanding the model allows to fix the ontology
= α then O is well specified w.r.t. α This approach can be used at any stage of the life cycle of an ontology.
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Pizza Ontology ∀hasTopping.VegetarianTopping ⊑ VegetarianPizza MozzarellaTopping ⊑ VegetarianTopping TomatoTopping ⊑ VegetarianTopping Margherita ⊑ ∀hasTopping.(MozzarellaTopping ⊔ TomatoTopping) Margherita ⊑ ∃hasTopping.MozzarellaTopping Margherita ⊑ ∃hasTopping.TomatoTopping . . . Check O ∪ {(Margherita ⊓ ¬VegetarianPizza)(a)} | = ⊥ {Margherita} {Mozzarella, VegetarianTopping} {TomatoTopping}
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