What is Autonomous Decentralization Concept and its escalation? To - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Workshop on

Autonomous and Cooperative Intelligent Vehicles: new safety and security challenges, or yet another critical infrastructure?

Hirokazu Ihara

IFIP WG 10.4 member Emeritus IEEE Life Fellow

68th IFIP WG10.4 meeting 25 June, 2015 Buzio, Brazil

“What is Autonomous Decentralization Concept and its escalation?”

To Epigenesis and world view of the Kegon-kyo (Avatamsaka Sutra)

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Evolution of Computing Systems

Shutdown Partial Cutoff Autonomous Reconfiguration Function-sharing Strict Interface Expandability & Versatility for Manufacturer Distribution

1970s 1980s

Centralization Tight Connection Time-sharing Performance

2000s

Extendability Dependability in Operation Decentralization Receiver Initiative Autonomous Function Multi Layered Decentralization Emergent Function Multi-modal Initiative On-line Metamorphosis System Structure Requirement Feature

1960s

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Epoch making events on Autonomous Decentralization Concept

and systems(ADC/S) 1/2

75 Centralized Dual-triplex computer system for Sany Shin-kansen commercialized 76 R/D of Distributed Microcomputer system launched 79 Autonomous decentralization concept and experimental result presented at IFIP working conference,in London 77 Autonomous decentralization Concept proposed 82 Train dispatching ADS for Kobe subway commercialized 75 Computer controlled Vehicle System as national project demonstrated 77 Comprehensive automobile traffic control pilot system as national project completed 82 Fuzzy control for train operation for Sendai subway Commercialized 85 COMTRAC by ADC(named COSMOS) introduced 81 IFIPWG10.4 started at Portland,ME,USA 1972 Centralized Dual-computer system for Toukai Shin-kansen commercialized 78 Paper on Dual –Duplex computer system appeared in IEEE Proceeding 84 Paper on ADS appeared in IEEE-Computer Magazine

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93 First IEEE-ISDAS in Yokohama Japan held 2000 Extended ADC for home healthcare proposed and feasibility study started 04 EADC/S at WCC2004 presented 97 Autonomous decentralization Transportation Operation System(ATOS) introduced 87 Intelligent space system by ADC/S proposed 90 Four year governmental grant on ADS started 07 Taiwan high speed railway commercialized 1985 Cross-sectional SIG started in Japanese academic societies 89 Technical Community established in Society of Instrument and Control Engineers

Epoch making events of Autonomous Decentralization Concept

and systems(ADC/S) 2/2

15 IEEE-ISI Award given 08 Intelligent Society R/D Institute (NPO) established for ADC/ADS 88 Reliable Computing & Fault tolerance to Dependable Computing & Fault tolerance (Gotemba,Japan)

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Centralized Hierarchical Distributed Functional Distributed

Cost performance System performance Coordinability Autonomous Coordinability Autonomous controllability Controllability Fault tolerance Fault avoidance

Autonomous Decentralized

Our Target of System Concept

1979 Biology(DNA) and LSI(Microcomputer) 2015 Kegon （Avatamska)world and Epigenetics Epigenetics (modification of gene), Resilience

ADC+Autonomous observability(3 dimension)

Epi-ADC/Epi-ADS Concept Autonomous Decentralization Concept 2000 Consciousness-only cosmology and AI, Fuzzy logics Indra’net (fractal structure) The realm of non-obstruction between phenomena Extended ADC/ADS (EADC/EADS) Concept

Autonomous controllability Autonomous coordinability

including Fault tolelance and Dependability Autonomous network(ＡＤＬ) Data Field(ＤＦ)

Central Dogma of ADC/ADS proposed

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Computer C Computer A DSC Computer B STR System output DSC System input

Symmetrical Structure of Early COMTRAC

Dual Centralized System Structure

DSC;dual system controller STR;status register

DSC

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Computer C DSC Computer A DSC Computer B STR System output DSC System input

Symmetrical Structure of Early COMTRAC

Dual –Duplex Centralized System Structure

DSC;dual system controller STR;status register

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Tokaido Line Nagano Nagoya Osaka Hakata Fukushima Niigata Yamagata Akita Nagano Morioka Tokyo Nagoya Osaka Okayama Kumamoto Kagoshima Hachinohe Network of Shinkansen has been developed line by line since 1964 and

• perated by COMTRAC since 1972 without any system failure.

Dependable COMTRAC by Centralization

Centralized System Configuration

1972 Kanazawa Aomori

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Principle Recognition of Autonomous Decentralization Concept (ADC)

(a) Always includes inactive (temporary faulty, complementary or spare) parts (b) Always changes its conditions and states among

• peration, metabolism, generation and growth (plus
• r minus)

(c) Always changes its objectives to the goal by alternatives selection, optimization and daptation (d) Always keeps accomplishing its objectives almost completely This observations are opposite recognition that system should be complete and stable.

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(a) Autonomous controllability: if any subsystem fails, the other survivors can manage themselves (b) Autonomous coordinability: if any subsystem fails, the other survivors can coordinate their individual objectives among themselves.

Definition of ADS Properties of ADC

Uniformity

• f

structure Equality among subsystems Locality

• f

information

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Subsystems

Flag

Flag

CC

Content Code

Sender ID

Sender ID

Control code

Control Code

Data or Command

RC

Virtual Data Field by Broadcast

Elements of Typical Information Format

VDF (Virtual Data Field)

Data/ Command Flag Broadcasting networks Autonomous control processor(ACP) ACPs distinguish their necessary information by Content Codes

ACP ACP ACP ACP

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Connection of Autonomous Decentralized Systems

Analogy of Nerve Analogy of Brain

b3 a2 a3 a1 b1 b2 c2 c1 c3

L1 L2 ACP ACP

Tightly coupled Hexagonal connection Loosely coupled Double loop network

ACP ACP

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Kofu Shinjyuku Shinagawa Kawasaki Yokohama Ofuna Tokyo Ueno Omiya Jinbohara Kuroiso Hatori Chiba Ochanomizu 2,200 computers Atami Kofu Tachikawa Kawasaki introduced since 1996 in Tokyo Metropolitan Wide Area Ikebukuro Yokosuka 19 lines 300 stations 6,500 trains Total line 1,200km

Autonomous decentralized Transport Operation control and

information System (ATOS)

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Tokaido Line Nagano Nagoya Osaka Hakata Fukushima Niigata Yamagata Akita Nagano Morioka Tokyo Nagoya Osaka Okayama Kumamoto Kagoshima Hachinohe Network of Shinkansen has been developed line by line since 1964 and

• perated by COSMOS since 1985 without any system failure.

Present Dependable COMTRAC ＆COSMOS

1972 Kanazawa Aomori

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Autonomous Observability: if any change occurs in the surrounding of the subsystem, subsystems can observe it immediately EADC is characterized by Autonomous controlability Autonomous coordinability Autonomous observability

Definition of Autonomous Observability for EADC

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controllability Coordi- nability autonomous controllability

• bservability

autonomous

• bservability

Two dimensional Four dimensional (Space & Time) On line Heuristic Off line

Extended ADS Attached

Autonomous Observability to ADS

autonomous coordinability Pre-install

EADS

ADS A D S

EADS

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a) Autonomous reconfiguration

a) Perception from sensor signal (lowest layer)---vijJaana

b) Cognition and Identification (upper layer)----manas-vijnaana c) Wisdom(common layer) ------aalaya-vijnaana

(2)Intelligent understanding of Sensor Signal (1)Resilient network system structure (3)Inteligent Autonomous Controlability & Coordinability

b) Security network among members a)backup manage and coordination for vicinity in space and time b)Complementarity among layers

Properties of Autonomous Observability

c) Fault tolerant energy sources

Extended ADC/S

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What do we consider as future system concept?

(2)Epigenesis from Molecular Biology Modification on Gene for Individual Properties & Transferring to Next Generation

• n-going investigation since 2000

Introduction of

(1) Parallel Cosmology by Buddhism One in all, All in one ——Kegon World Consciousness Only ——-Zen Doctrine be expressed in B.C.5 Butterfly’s Effect & Schredinger’s Cat

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因陀羅帝網

Indra’s Net

Fractal Net

The flower ornament Scripture (Avatamsaka Sutra)

Every existence in this universe is mutually related with boundless connection (重々無尽）

Crossing space structure by Ryoji Gotoh

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Presentation of world view of of Avatamsaka

The one is all, the all is one

Traditional glass work in Tokyo Edo Kiriko Basic principal of ZEN

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Realm of non-

• bstruction between

principle and phenomena Realm of Mutual non-

• bstruction of phenomena

Realm of Phenomena Realm of Principle

理法界 事法界

Nature

理事無碍法界 事事無碍法界

segmentation Mutual dependence

Understanding of Events/Phenomena

理は本質（Nature）（＝空）、事は見かけ（Artifact）、我々衆生の経験（Experience) By Chaplen F.Komura (Buddhist preist Eishin）

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Organ Eye Ear Nose Tongue Skin Sense Sight Auditory Smell Taste Touch

Manas storage

Bulk of personal experience

Aaraya storehouse

Accumulated knowledge

• f humankind

Process of consciousness Receiving (Vedana) Identifying (Samjana) Determining (Samskara) Cognizing (VIjunana) Phenomena (rupa) in Outer world

Consciousness-Only (Emptisness)

Unconscious Mind

All existence is subjective and nothing exists outside of the mind

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Manan vijnaana

Virtual Cloud Virtual knowledge Field

Sub-cloud

Database of Avatamsaka Universe

Aalaya viJnaana

Virtual Data field

Perception

25 Real of non-obstruction between principle and phenomena Mutual non-obstruction

• f phenomena

Actual world

Dependability Fault -Tolerance Fault- Avoidance Resilience (consistency) (Contradiction) Zero- Defect

Nested structure of layered wisdom

Manaas vijaana Aalaya vijaana

Realm of principle Realm of phenomena Cloud Virtual Knowledge base

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Time passage

PERCEPTION MANAS AALAYA Dependent co-arising

Wisdom

Fermentation/ Fumigation of wisdom

Buddha’s basic Principle Dependent co-arising

Event

arises

Result

appears

Segmentation

Differentiation Commonization Equal treatment

Level of understanding

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Epigene information consists of Methylated DNAs and Acetyleted histones

Methylation Modification

• f Histone

Environmenta l effect

Epigene is transferred by cell division within a indivisual Epigene is reset by fetilization

Discovery of Epigenetics

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（１）Control of Gene expression by Transcription factor

DNA (copy) RNA (transcription) PROTAIN

（２）Effect on control area connected by transcription fact ①Acetylated Histone Gene expression is activated

（modification of HistoneーAcetylatation and methylation）

②Methylation of DNA Gene expression is inhibited

（taranscriptional repression by methylation of cytocine Adenine（Ａ）、Cytocine（Ｃ）、Guanine（Ｇ）、Thymine（Ｔ）

Another Central Dogma by Epigenetics

Newly discovered Biological Phenomena

Gene RNA Histone

Living thing

program Task

Job Subsystem

System

Information system

Activation Acetylating Methylating Logical altering

Protain

Cell Processor

Epigenetic of Living things and information systems

Individual

Organ

Linking change

Environmental transition

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City Nation Uniform Variety Disperse Close Vertical Distribution Horizontal Distribution EADC

Hierarchical Systems of Human-beings

Hierarchical Layers and Equal Diversification Community Family Individual Organ Cell ADC

Epi-ADC/ADS Societal Innovation

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Although our lifetime may not span a hundred years, we have concerns of a thousand years

Societal Innovation by philosophy and Technology

Calligraphy by Mr. ODAIRA Namihei (Founder of Hitachi, Ltd.)

Sculpture by Ryoji Goto

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