Weak adjoint functor theorems Stephen Lack Macquarie University - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Weak adjoint functor theorems Stephen Lack Macquarie University - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Weak adjoint functor theorems Stephen Lack Macquarie University Kyoto, 23 December 2019 joint work with John Bourke and Luk a s Vok r nek Adjoint Functor Theorems ur-AFT category B with all limits U : B A preserves them U has


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Weak adjoint functor theorems

Stephen Lack

Macquarie University

Kyoto, 23 December 2019 joint work with John Bourke and Luk´ aˇ s Vokˇ r´ ınek

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Adjoint Functor Theorems

ur-AFT

category B with all limits U : B → A preserves them U has left adjoint

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Adjoint Functor Theorems

ur-AFT

category B with all limits U : B → A preserves them U has left adjoint

General AFT

category B with small limits U : B → A preserves them Solution Set Condition U has left adjoint

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more Adjoint Functor Theorems

General AFT (Freyd)

category B with small limits U : B → A preserves them SSC U has left adjoint

Weak AFT (Kainen)

category B with small products U : B → A preserves them SSC U has weak left adjoint

Enriched AFT (Kelly)

V-category B with small limits U : B → A preserves them SSC U has left adjoint

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more Adjoint Functor Theorems

General AFT (Freyd)

category B with small limits U : B → A preserves them SSC U has left adjoint

Weak AFT (Kainen)

category B with small products U : B → A preserves them SSC U has weak left adjoint

Enriched AFT (Kelly)

V-category B with small limits U : B → A preserves them SSC U has left adjoint A UFA FA UB B

η f ∃f ′ Uf ′

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more Adjoint Functor Theorems

General AFT (Freyd)

category B with small limits U : B → A preserves them SSC U has left adjoint

Weak AFT (Kainen)

category B with small products U : B → A preserves them SSC U has weak left adjoint

Enriched AFT (Kelly)

V-category B with small limits U : B → A preserves them SSC U has left adjoint

Very (!) General AFT

V-category B with limits U : B → A preserves them SSC U has left adjoint A UFA FA UB B

η f ∃f ′ Uf ′

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more Adjoint Functor Theorems

General AFT (Freyd)

category B with small limits U : B → A preserves them SSC U has left adjoint

Weak AFT (Kainen)

category B with small products U : B → A preserves them SSC U has weak left adjoint

Enriched AFT (Kelly)

V-category B with small limits U : B → A preserves them SSC U has left adjoint

Very (!) General AFT

V-category B with limits U : B → A preserves them SSC U has left adjoint A UFA FA UB B

η f ∃f ′ Uf ′

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Enriched weakness

A UFA FA UB B

η f ∃f ′ Uf ′

B(FA, B) A(A, UB)

surj.

◮ enriched categories have homs C(C, D) lying in V ◮ (Lack-Rosicky) “Enriched Weakness” uses class E of morphisms in V to play the role of surjections ◮ V = Set, E = {surjections} gives unenriched weakness ◮ E = {isomorphisms} gives “non-weak weakness”

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Enriched weakness

A UFA FA UB B

η f ∃f ′ Uf ′

B(FA, B) A(A, UB)

E-map

◮ enriched categories have homs C(C, D) lying in V ◮ (Lack-Rosicky) “Enriched Weakness” uses class E of morphisms in V to play the role of surjections ◮ V = Set, E = {surjections} gives unenriched weakness ◮ E = {isomorphisms} gives “non-weak weakness”

Very (!) General AFT

V-category B with limits U : B → A preserves them SSC U has E-weak left adjoint

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Examples

B(FA, B) A(A, UB)

E

V E E-weak left adjoint Set isos left adjoint Set surjections weak left adjoint V isos (enriched) left adjoint Cat equivalences left biadjoint

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Examples

B(FA, B) A(A, UB)

E

V E E-weak left adjoint Set isos left adjoint Set surjections weak left adjoint V isos (enriched) left adjoint Cat equivalences left biadjoint Cat retract equivalences (. . . ) left biadjoint

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Mr Retract Equivalence

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Examples

B(FA, B) A(A, UB)

E

V E E-weak left adjoint Set isos left adjoint Set surjections weak left adjoint V isos (enriched) left adjoint Cat equivalences left biadjoint Cat retract equivalences (. . . ) left biadjoint

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Examples

B(FA, B) A(A, UB)

E

V E E-weak left adjoint Set isos left adjoint Set surjections weak left adjoint V isos (enriched) left adjoint Cat equivalences left biadjoint Cat retract equivalences (. . . ) left biadjoint sSet shrinkable morphisms

Definition

A morphism p : X → Y of simplicial sets is shrinkable (dual strong deformation retract) if it is contractible in sSet/Y : ◮ it has a section s ◮ with a homotopy s ◦ p ∼ 1X ◮ such that induced homotopy p ◦ s ◦ p ∼ p is trivial.

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The setting

Let V be a monoidal model category with cofibrant unit I . . .

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The setting

Let V be a monoidal model category with cofibrant unit I . . . cofibrations I, weak equivalences W, trivial fibrations P.

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The setting

Let V be a monoidal model category with cofibrant unit I . . . cofibrations I, weak equivalences W, trivial fibrations P. An interval in V is a factorization I + I J I i w ∇

  • f the codiagonal with i ∈ I and w ∈ W.

◮ A morphism A → B in a V-category C is a morphism I → C(A, B). ◮ A homotopy between morphisms A → B is a morphism J → C(A, B) (for some interval) ◮ A homotopy is trivial if it factorizes through w ◮ A morphism p is shrinkable if there exist s with p ◦ s = 1, and homotopy s ◦ p ∼ 1 with p ◦ s ◦ p ∼ p trivial.

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The setting

Let V be a monoidal model category with cofibrant unit I . . . cofibrations I, weak equivalences W, trivial fibrations P. An interval in V is a factorization I + I J I i w C(A, B) I f

  • f the codiagonal with i ∈ I and w ∈ W.

◮ A morphism A → B in a V-category C is a morphism I → C(A, B). ◮ A homotopy between morphisms A → B is a morphism J → C(A, B) (for some interval) ◮ A homotopy is trivial if it factorizes through w ◮ A morphism p is shrinkable if there exist s with p ◦ s = 1, and homotopy s ◦ p ∼ 1 with p ◦ s ◦ p ∼ p trivial.

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The setting

Let V be a monoidal model category with cofibrant unit I . . . cofibrations I, weak equivalences W, trivial fibrations P. An interval in V is a factorization I + I J I i w C(A, B) C(A, B) (f g) h

  • f the codiagonal with i ∈ I and w ∈ W.

◮ A morphism A → B in a V-category C is a morphism I → C(A, B). ◮ A homotopy between morphisms A → B is a morphism J → C(A, B) (for some interval) ◮ A homotopy is trivial if it factorizes through w ◮ A morphism p is shrinkable if there exist s with p ◦ s = 1, and homotopy s ◦ p ∼ 1 with p ◦ s ◦ p ∼ p trivial.

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The setting

Let V be a monoidal model category with cofibrant unit I . . . cofibrations I, weak equivalences W, trivial fibrations P. An interval in V is a factorization I + I J I i w C(A, B) C(A, B) (f =g) h

  • f the codiagonal with i ∈ I and w ∈ W.

◮ A morphism A → B in a V-category C is a morphism I → C(A, B). ◮ A homotopy between morphisms A → B is a morphism J → C(A, B) (for some interval) ◮ A homotopy is trivial if it factorizes through w ◮ A morphism p is shrinkable if there exist s with p ◦ s = 1, and homotopy s ◦ p ∼ 1 with p ◦ s ◦ p ∼ p trivial.

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The setting

Let V be a monoidal model category with cofibrant unit I . . . cofibrations I, weak equivalences W, trivial fibrations P. An interval in V is a factorization I + I J I i w C(A, B) C(A, B) (f g) h X Y p

  • f the codiagonal with i ∈ I and w ∈ W.

◮ A morphism A → B in a V-category C is a morphism I → C(A, B). ◮ A homotopy between morphisms A → B is a morphism J → C(A, B) (for some interval) ◮ A homotopy is trivial if it factorizes through w ◮ A morphism p is shrinkable if there exist s with p ◦ s = 1, and homotopy s ◦ p ∼ 1 with p ◦ s ◦ p ∼ p trivial.

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The setting

Let V be a monoidal model category with cofibrant unit I . . . cofibrations I, weak equivalences W, trivial fibrations P. An interval in V is a factorization I + I J I i w C(A, B) C(A, B) (f g) h X Y p Y 1 s

  • f the codiagonal with i ∈ I and w ∈ W.

◮ A morphism A → B in a V-category C is a morphism I → C(A, B). ◮ A homotopy between morphisms A → B is a morphism J → C(A, B) (for some interval) ◮ A homotopy is trivial if it factorizes through w ◮ A morphism p is shrinkable if there exist s with p ◦ s = 1, and homotopy s ◦ p ∼ 1 with p ◦ s ◦ p ∼ p trivial.

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The setting

Let V be a monoidal model category with cofibrant unit I . . . cofibrations I, weak equivalences W, trivial fibrations P. An interval in V is a factorization I + I J I i w C(A, B) C(A, B) (f g) h X Y p Y 1 s X ≃ p 1

  • f the codiagonal with i ∈ I and w ∈ W.

◮ A morphism A → B in a V-category C is a morphism I → C(A, B). ◮ A homotopy between morphisms A → B is a morphism J → C(A, B) (for some interval) ◮ A homotopy is trivial if it factorizes through w ◮ A morphism p is shrinkable if there exist s with p ◦ s = 1, and homotopy s ◦ p ∼ 1 with p ◦ s ◦ p ∼ p trivial.

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Examples (of V)

V I W shrinkable morphisms Set all isos isos V all isos isos Set mono all surj Cat inj obj equiv retract equivalences sSet mono wk hty equiv (Kan) shrinkable sSet mono wk cat equiv (Joyal) shrinkable 2-Cat biequivalences surj, full biequivalences

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Examples (of V)

V I W shrinkable morphisms Set all isos isos V all isos isos Set mono all surj Cat inj obj equiv retract equivalences sSet mono wk hty equiv (Kan) shrinkable sSet mono wk cat equiv (Joyal) shrinkable 2-Cat biequivalences surj, full biequivalences In general, for f : X → Y in V: ◮ trivial fibration ⇒ shrinkable ( if X, Y cofibrant ) ◮ shrinkable ⇒ weak equiv (if X fibrant or cofibrant)

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Examples (of V)

V I W shrinkable morphisms Set all isos isos V all isos isos Set mono all surj Cat inj obj equiv retract equivalences sSet mono wk hty equiv (Kan) shrinkable sSet mono wk cat equiv (Joyal) shrinkable 2-Cat biequivalences surj, full biequivalences In general, for f : X → Y in V: ◮ trivial fibration ⇒ shrinkable ( if X, Y cofibrant ) ◮ shrinkable ⇒ weak equiv (if X fibrant or cofibrant)

Very (!) General AFT

V-category B with limits U : B → A preserves them SSC U has E-weak left adjoint for E = {shrinkables}

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The limits in question

Limit of a functor S : D → B is defined by natural isos B(B, lim S) ∼ = [D, Set](∆1, B(B, S)). Limit of V-functor S : D → B weighted by G : D → V defined by B(B, lim

G S) ∼

= [D, V](G, B(B, S)). The power of A ∈ B by X ∈ V defined by B(B, AX) ∼ = V(X, B(B, A)) A weight G : D → V is cofibrant if it is projective with respect to the pointwise trivial fibrations: A V-category B has enough cofibrant limits if for any weight G there is a cofibrant G ′ with a pointwise trivial fibration G ′ → G for which B has G ′-weighted limits.

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The limits in question

Limit of a functor S : D → B is defined by natural isos B(B, lim S) ∼ = [D, Set](∆1, B(B, S)). Limit of V-functor S : D → B weighted by G : D → V defined by B(B, lim

G S) ∼

= [D, V](G, B(B, S)). The power of A ∈ B by X ∈ V defined by B(B, AX) ∼ = V(X, B(B, A)) A weight G : D → V is cofibrant if it is projective with respect to the pointwise trivial fibrations: A V-category B has enough cofibrant limits if for any weight G there is a cofibrant G ′ with a pointwise trivial fibration G ′ → G for which B has G ′-weighted limits.

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The limits in question

Limit of a functor S : D → B is defined by natural isos B(B, lim S) ∼ = [D, Set](∆1, B(B, S)). Limit of V-functor S : D → B weighted by G : D → V defined by B(B, lim

G S) ∼

= [D, V](G, B(B, S)). The power of A ∈ B by X ∈ V defined by B(B, AX) ∼ = V(X, B(B, A)) A weight G : D → V is cofibrant if it is projective with respect to the pointwise trivial fibrations: A V-category B has enough cofibrant limits if for any weight G there is a cofibrant G ′ with a pointwise trivial fibration G ′ → G for which B has G ′-weighted limits.

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The limits in question

Limit of a functor S : D → B is defined by natural isos B(B, lim S) ∼ = [D, Set](∆1, B(B, S)). Limit of V-functor S : D → B weighted by G : D → V defined by B(B, lim

G S) ∼

= [D, V](G, B(B, S)). The power of A ∈ B by X ∈ V defined by B(B, AX) ∼ = V(X, B(B, A)) A weight G : D → V is cofibrant if it is projective with respect to the pointwise trivial fibrations: A V-category B has enough cofibrant limits if for any weight G there is a cofibrant G ′ with a pointwise trivial fibration G ′ → G for which B has G ′-weighted limits.

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The limits in question

Limit of a functor S : D → B is defined by natural isos B(B, lim S) ∼ = [D, Set](∆1, B(B, S)). Limit of V-functor S : D → B weighted by G : D → V defined by B(B, lim

G S) ∼

= [D, V](G, B(B, S)). The power of A ∈ B by X ∈ V defined by B(B, AX) ∼ = V(X, B(B, A)) A weight G : D → V is cofibrant if it is projective with respect to the pointwise trivial fibrations: G K H KD HD p pD ∈ P A V-category B has enough cofibrant limits if for any weight G there is a cofibrant G ′ with a pointwise trivial fibration G ′ → G for which B has G ′-weighted limits.

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The limits in question

Limit of a functor S : D → B is defined by natural isos B(B, lim S) ∼ = [D, Set](∆1, B(B, S)). Limit of V-functor S : D → B weighted by G : D → V defined by B(B, lim

G S) ∼

= [D, V](G, B(B, S)). The power of A ∈ B by X ∈ V defined by B(B, AX) ∼ = V(X, B(B, A)) A weight G : D → V is cofibrant if it is projective with respect to the pointwise trivial fibrations: G K H KD HD p pD ∈ P A V-category B has enough cofibrant limits if for any weight G there is a cofibrant G ′ with a pointwise trivial fibration G ′ → G for which B has G ′-weighted limits.

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The limits in question

Limit of a functor S : D → B is defined by natural isos B(B, lim S) ∼ = [D, Set](∆1, B(B, S)). Limit of V-functor S : D → B weighted by G : D → V defined by B(B, lim

G S) ∼

= [D, V](G, B(B, S)). The power of A ∈ B by X ∈ V defined by B(B, AX) ∼ = V(X, B(B, A)) A weight G : D → V is cofibrant if it is projective with respect to the pointwise trivial fibrations: G K H KD HD p pD ∈ P

A V-category B has enough cofibrant limits if for any weight G there is a cofibrant G ′ with a pointwise trivial fibration G ′ → G for which B has G ′-weighted limits.

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The limits in question

Limit of a functor S : D → B is defined by natural isos B(B, lim S) ∼ = [D, Set](∆1, B(B, S)). Limit of V-functor S : D → B weighted by G : D → V defined by B(B, lim

G S) ∼

= [D, V](G, B(B, S)). The power of A ∈ B by X ∈ V defined by B(B, AX) ∼ = V(X, B(B, A)) A weight G : D → V is cofibrant if it is projective with respect to the pointwise trivial fibrations: G K H KD HD p pD ∈ P

A V-category B has enough cofibrant limits if for any weight G there is a cofibrant G ′ with a pointwise trivial fibration G ′ → G for which B has G ′-weighted limits.

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The VGAFT

Let V be a monoidal model category with cofibrant unit, and E the shrinkable morphisms.

V(ery) G(eneral) AFT

V-category B with all powers and enough cofibrant limits U : B → A preserves them SSC U has an E-weak left adjoint

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The VGAFT

Let V be a monoidal model category with cofibrant unit, and E the shrinkable morphisms.

V(ery) G(eneral) AFT

V-category B with all powers and enough cofibrant limits U : B → A preserves them SSC U has an E-weak left adjoint

N(ot) Q(uite) S(o) G(eneral) AFT

V-category B with all powers and enough cofibrant limits U : B → A preserves them B0 and A0 are accessible, U0 accessible functor (unenriched) U has an E-weak left adjoint

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Applications (to 2-categories)

This involves the case V = Cat. A 2-category will have enough cofibrant limits if it has PIE limits: that is, if it has ◮ products ◮ inserters ◮ equifiers.

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Mr PIE

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Applications (to 2-categories)

This involves the case V = Cat. A 2-category will have enough cofibrant limits if it has PIE limits: that is, if it has ◮ products ◮ inserters ◮ equifiers.

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Applications (to 2-categories)

This involves the case V = Cat. A 2-category will have enough cofibrant limits if it has PIE limits: that is, if it has ◮ products ◮ inserters ◮ equifiers.

Theorem

Let B be a 2-category with PIE limits, and let U : B → A preserve

  • them. If U satisfies SSC, then it has a left biadjoint.

Theorem

Any accessible 2-category with PIE limits has bicolimits.

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Application (to Riehl-Verity ∞-cosmoi)

An ∞-cosmos is a sSet-category with all powers, enough cofibrant limits, and certain further structure. These are intended to be a model-independent framework in which to study the totality of (∞, 1)-categories and related structures.

Corollary

Any accessible ∞-cosmos has weak colimits. A cosmological functor is an enriched functor between ∞-cosmoi which preserves this structure.

Corollary

Any cosomological functor satisfying the SSC has a weak left adjoint.

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Application (to Riehl-Verity ∞-cosmoi)

An ∞-cosmos is a sSet-category with all powers, enough cofibrant limits, and certain further structure. These are intended to be a model-independent framework in which to study the totality of (∞, 1)-categories and related structures.

Corollary

Any accessible ∞-cosmos has weak colimits. A cosmological functor is an enriched functor between ∞-cosmoi which preserves this structure.

Corollary

Any cosomological functor satisfying the SSC has a weak left adjoint.

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Application (to Riehl-Verity ∞-cosmoi)

An ∞-cosmos is a sSet-category with all powers, enough cofibrant limits, and certain further structure. These are intended to be a model-independent framework in which to study the totality of (∞, 1)-categories and related structures.

Corollary

Any accessible ∞-cosmos has weak colimits. A cosmological functor is an enriched functor between ∞-cosmoi which preserves this structure.

Corollary

Any cosomological functor satisfying the SSC has a weak left adjoint.

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Application (to Riehl-Verity ∞-cosmoi)

An ∞-cosmos is a sSet-category with all powers, enough cofibrant limits, and certain further structure. These are intended to be a model-independent framework in which to study the totality of (∞, 1)-categories and related structures.

Corollary

Any accessible ∞-cosmos has weak colimits. A cosmological functor is an enriched functor between ∞-cosmoi which preserves this structure.

Corollary

Any cosomological functor satisfying the SSC has a weak left adjoint.

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Application (to Riehl-Verity ∞-cosmoi)

An ∞-cosmos is a sSet-category with all powers, enough cofibrant limits, and certain further structure. These are intended to be a model-independent framework in which to study the totality of (∞, 1)-categories and related structures.

Corollary

Any accessible ∞-cosmos has weak colimits. A cosmological functor is an enriched functor between ∞-cosmoi which preserves this structure.

Corollary

Any cosomological functor satisfying the SSC has a weak left adjoint.