Vocabulary Instruction that Supports Capacity for Increasingly - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

+ Vocabulary

Instruction that Supports Capacity for Increasingly Complex Texts and Tasks

Elfrieda H. Hiebert TextProject, Inc www.textproject.org

Vocabulary Instruction that Supports Capacity for Increasingly Complex Texts and Tasks

I.

What’s important to know about English vocabulary

II.

Core vocabulary: The core of Increased Capacity

III.

The vocabulary of content-areas

IV .

The vocabulary of narratives

+ I. What’s

important to know about English vocabulary

1. Vocabulary is fundamental to comprehending text.

 Even in the context of district- wide literacy reform

initiatives, which raised all children’s potential for success, children’s vocabulary skills at the beginning of first grade made a critical contribution to later achievement in reading achievement.

(Hemphill & Tivnan, 2008)

Printed Text Abstracts Newspapers Popular Magazines Adult books Comic Books Children’s Books Preschool Books

Rare Words per 1,000

128.0 68.3 65.7 52.7 53.5 30.9 16.3 Television Texts Popular adult shows Popular children’s shows Cartoons

• Mr. Rogers & Sesame Street

22.7 20.2 30.8 2.0 Adult Speech Expert eyewitness testimony College graduates to friends 28.4 17.3

• 2. Text is where vocabularies are extended.

(from Hayes & Ahrens,1988)

• 3. Discrepancy in students’ vocabulary on

school entry is huge.

Hart & Risley, 2003

Zeno et al., 1995

• 4. Words in English texts appear with

substantially different frequencies.

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 6=135,473 5=13,882 4=2980 3=1676 2=620 1=203 0=107

Content Area Sample Words Civics abuse of power, campaign, elected representative, geographical representation, individual liberty, Labor Day, national origin, patriotism, school board, Uncle Sam, welfare English Language Arts abbreviation, capitalization, e-mail, genre, illustration, learning log, paragraph, reading strategy, table, verb Geography billboards, discovery, fall line, harbor, Japan, land clearing, national capital, Pacific rim, rain forest, technology, vegetation region Mathematics addend, capacity, equation, gram, improbability, mass, obtuse angle, quotient, sample, unit conversion Science bedrock, Earth’s axis, gases, inherited characteristic, magnetic attraction, ocean currents, recycle, technology, water capacity

From Marzano (2004)

• 5. English/Language Arts standards operate

as if each word was an island

Content Area Sample Words Civics abuse of power, campaign, elected representative, geographical representation, individual liberty, Labor Day, national origin, patriotism, school board, Uncle Sam, welfare English Language Arts abbreviation, capitalization, e-mail, genre, illustration, learning log, paragraph, reading strategy, table, verb Geography billboards, discovery, fall line, harbor, Japan, land clearing, national capital, Pacific rim, rain forest, technology, vegetation region Mathematics addend, capacity, equation, gram, improbability, mass, obtuse angle, quotient, sample, unit conversion Science bedrock, Earth’s axis, gases, inherited characteristic, magnetic attraction, ocean currents, recycle, technology, water capacity

From Marzano (2004)

Standard Documents

Targeted Vocabulary from 3 stories in a Mid-2nd Grade Unit of a Core Reading Program

Story 1 Story 2 Story 3 apartment delivery handcarts restaurant market celebrations tai chi graceful cobbler arrive favorite medicinal herbal musty herbs seafood sizzles crackle woks clang barely furious kung fu develop bushy costume disguise handsome mirror mustache sarape sword sombrero soldiers tough grown-up kindergartner hola disappeared bigote apron retraced discovered polish smeared creation solve cereal buenos días fist gracias grinned booth plaque station subway token mayor worry halfway tile blending collection swoosh

Assessment

10 20 30 40 PPVT: Gr. 4

Zones 0-2 Zone 3 Zone 4 Zone 5 Zone 6

(from Calfee & Drum, 1981)

Anglo-Saxon Common, everyday, down-to-earth words EX: cold, sweat, dirt New Words through compounding: cold-blooded, cold-natured, cold-drink, cold-running Greek/Latin Specialized words used mostly in science EX: thermometer, geography New Words through compounding

• f word parts:

thermosphere, geopolitical Romance 1066 (Norman Conquest)-1399 (Henry IV, a native Anglo-Saxon speaker assumes throne): French is spoken by upper classes; English by lower-classes. French loan words remain. EX: frigid, perspiration, soil New Words through derivations: frigidity, frigidness, refrigerator

• 2. Content-

specific words

• 3. General Academic words
• 4. Literary Words
• 5. Core Words

Origins of School Vocabularies

[Adaptation of Calfee & Drum, 1981]

Anglo-Saxon

• rigins

Romance

• rigins

Greek/Latin

• rigins
• 1. Words of

school tasks