Vinnova Co-ordinators Day Communicating Across - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Vinnova Co-ordinators Day Communicating Across - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Feb 12, 2024 32 likes •645 views

Vinnova Co-ordinators Day Communicating Across Cultures Stockholm 4th December Presenter: John Alexander Today cultural perspectives intercultural communication: what skills?

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Vinnova Co-ordinators Day

Communicating Across Cultures

Stockholm • 4th December Presenter: John Alexander

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Today…

  • cultural perspectives
  • intercultural communication: what skills?
  • reconciling cultural dilemmas
  • applications
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Worldwide Number of Researchers per Million Inhabitants


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Worldwide Annual Coffee Consumption Per Capita

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World Values Survey 2015 • Ingelhart & Welzel

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what do you do?

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their interests my interests

high high low

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WHEN IN ROME… MY VALUES ARE SOUND VALUES

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Sweden's feminist trade minister Ann Linde dons the hijab and wears a black cloak like her Iranian counterpart.

Teheran February 2017

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Vinnova Co-ordinators:

Cross Cultural Issues

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Cross Cultural Issues

  • giving feedback
  • authority role
  • expectations of expertise
  • standards and protocols
  • communication style
  • issues regarding time
  • gender issues
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communicating across cultures…

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communication skills language skills cultural awareness

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effective communication?

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polite or direct?

effective communication?

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CONTEXT


Be Polite or Be Direct?


High Context Low Context

Hall, Beyond Culture

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high context low context

yes = maybe yes = yes now = ? now = 2 minutes positive atmosphere to the point vague? confrontational?

Hall, Beyond Culture

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CONTEXT


Be Polite or Be Direct?


High Context Low Context J CH IND LA UK Sweden USA D DK AUS Fin

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High Context

SWEDEN lyhörd FRANCE sous entendu beneath hearing SPAIN sobrentendido “ “ JAPAN kuuki yomenai can’t read air CHINA pang qiao ce ji beat about the bush

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decision making

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The The Swedish Swedish Way Way The The Finnish Finnish Way Way

meet discuss decide 1 . 1 . 2 . 2 . 3 . 3 . 4 . 4 . 5 . 5 . 6 . 6 . 7 . 7 . 8 . 8 . 9 . 9 . 10. 10.

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The The Swedish Swedish Way Way The The Finnish Finnish Way Way

meet discuss decide 1 . 1 . 2 . 2 . 3 . 3 . 4 . 4 . 5 . 5 . 6 . 6 . 7 . 7 . 8 . 8 . 9 . 9 . 10. 10.

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Social Norms & Expectations


neutral affect

J Finland Sweden UK US IND LA ME FR IT

Trompenaars, 2011

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Paul Ekman (US anthropologist): Six Universal Expressions of Human Emotion

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Why so angry? Why so uninterested?

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chironomia

the rhetorical art of using hand gestures

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proxemics

the study of spaces between people in different cultures

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avoiding uncertainty

= unwritten rules and regulations to avoid conflicts and the unexpected

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LEVELS of ORGANISATION


Be flexible or be structured?


Weak Uncertainty Avoidance – Strong Uncertainty Avoidance

India Greece Brazil UK US D CH Sweden (SNG)

Hofsteede, 2010

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  • rganise or adapt?

Sweden

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Computer Crash – Who Does What?

Most aggressive Action

Least aggressive

NL France Denmark Germany Sweden Finland Switzerland Norway UK hit computer shout shout persevere persevere fix it go home go home free time

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Dealing with Angry Clients by Telephone

Most aggressive Action

Least aggressive

Danes Australians French Russians Germans USA Swedes Norwegians English shout/swear shout/swear shout in French shout/offer bribes demand action lawyer: legal terms calm:’nu är jag arg’ call every 10 minutes apologise

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what’s the right thing to do?

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The Car and the Pedestrian

You are riding in a car driven by a close friend, and your friend hits a pedestrian. You know your friend was going at least 50 kph in an area of the city where the maximum speed limit is 30 kph. There are no witnesses. The lawyer of your friend said that if you testify under oath that the speed was only 30 kph, it may save him from serious consequences. What right has your friend to expect you to protect him?

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(A) My friend has a definite right to expect me to testify to a lower figure
 
 (B) He has some right to expect me to testify to a lower figure
 
 
 (C) He has no right to expect me to testify to a lower figure


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Would you help your friend in view of the

  • bligations you feel you have for society?



 (D) Yes
 
 (E) No


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Particularist Universalist

relationships

  • bligations

mutual reciprocity favours adapt to circumstances rules regulations contracts the system right & wrong

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The Car and the Pedestrian


(Percentage opting for universalist system) Switzerland 97 Canada 96 USA 95 Sweden 94 Australia 93 Poland 74 France 73 Spain 65 Greece 58 China 48 Russia 37 Venezuela 34

Trompenaars,

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Corruption Perception Index


(Transparency Agency 2016 • 174 countries)

Denmark / Finland / NZ 01 Sweden 04 Switzerland 06 Australia 07 Canada/ Netherlands 09 USA 19 Italy 72 Russia 133 Afghanistan 174 North Korea 174 Somalia 174

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Universalist perspective Particularism = corruption Particularist perspective Universalism = cold, unfeeling

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good citizen good friend

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Immanuel Kant Critique of Pure Reason (1781)

“Act only according… to a universal law” — The Categorical Imperative

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utilitarianism

“the doctrine that actions are right if they are useful or for the benefit of a majority.”

J S Mill

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Applications

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  • clarity in communication
  • positive communication (‘sandwich’)
  • ‘the meaningful dialogue’

(= deal with feelings (FUDs)

  • clarify procedure
  • self-awareness
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www.johnalexandersweden.com john@johnalexander.se