UVSOR UVSOR SPring SPring- -8 8 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

UVSOR UVSORの現状 の現状と と 小型施設から眺めた 小型施設から眺めたSPring SPring-

• 8

8

加藤政博 加藤政博

自然科学研究機構・分子科学研究所 自然科学研究機構・分子科学研究所

総合研究大学院大学・物理科学研究科 総合研究大学院大学・物理科学研究科 名古屋大学大学院・工学研究科 名古屋大学大学院・工学研究科 高エネルギー加速器研究機構・物質構造科学研究所 高エネルギー加速器研究機構・物質構造科学研究所

History of History of UVSOR Accelerators UVSOR Accelerators

1981 Start of Construction 1983 Commissioning of Storage Ring 1984 Installation of Undulator and Wiggler 1986 Start of Free Electron Laser 1993 FEL 1st Lasing (456 nm) 1996 Installation of Helical Undulator/ Optical Klystron FEL Lasing at 239 nm (World Record) 2001 FEL Output Power 1.2W (World Record) 2002 Installation of 1st in-vacuum Undulator 1st FEL Users Experiment 2003 Reconstruction to UVSOR-II Installation of 2nd In-Vacuum Undulator Commissioning of UVSOR-II 2004 New RF Cavity 2005 Reinforcement of Radiation Shield Start of Laser Bunch Slicing/ CHG 2006 Energy Upgrade of Booster Synchrotron Installation of 2nd Variably Polarized Undulator 2007 Energy Upgrade of Beam Transport Line Start of Full Energy Injection 200X Start of Top-up Operation

UVSOR UVSOR-II

Big Big and

and Small

Small JASRI

UVSOR Accelerators UVSOR Accelerators

15MeV Linac 600MeV Booster Synchrotron 750MeV Storage Ring 750MeV

in summer 2006

30m

Electron Gun & Linear Accelerator Electron Gun & Linear Accelerator

＜ ＜Partly Upgraded during the UVSOR

Partly Upgraded during the UVSOR-

• II project

II project＞

＞

• New Electron Gun

New Electron Gun

= > short pulses for single bunch injection, better emittance and = > short pulses for single bunch injection, better emittance and energy spread energy spread

• New Klystron Pulse Modulator

New Klystron Pulse Modulator

= > better energy stability (pulse to pulse) = > better energy stability (pulse to pulse)

• New Water Cooling System

New Water Cooling System = > smaller energy drift

= > smaller energy drift

After the upgrade, the injection efficiency to the booster has increased by a factor of 3.

Booster Synchrotron Booster Synchrotron

No Change during the UVSOR No Change during the UVSOR-

• I I project, to make the com

I I project, to make the comm missioning period shorter issioning period shorter Energy Upgrade in 2006 to realize Full Energy Upgrade in 2006 to realize Full-

• energy I njection & Top

energy I njection & Top-

• Up injection

Up injection

７５０MeV

UVSOR before Upgrade UVSOR before Upgrade （ （UVSOR UVSOR-

• I

I ） ）

Super- conducting Wiggler Linear Undulator Variable Polarization Undulator (Hor./Hel.) /Optical Klystron for FEL

Emittance= 160nm-rad Straight Sections= 3m x 4

Upgrade of UVSOR Accelerators Upgrade of UVSOR Accelerators

2003

Upgrade of Magnetic Lattice

Emittance 160nm-rad = > 27nm-rad Straight Sections 3mx4 = > 4mx4+ 1.5mx4 New Undulators

2005

Upgrade of main RF cavity

Vrf= 46kV = > 150 kV

2006

Energy Upgrade of Booster Synchrotron Installation of new undulator Reinforcement on Radiation Shield = > Top-Up Operation

・・・・・・・・・

Proposed in 2000 and funded in 2002

• M. Katoh et al., NIM A 467-468 (2001), 68-71

UVSOR＝＞UVSOR-II

Upgrade of Magnetic Lattice Upgrade of Magnetic Lattice

low-ε, more straight sections, low-βy at s.s.

5 10 15 20 25 2 4 6 8 10 12

β

x

β

y

10*η

x

β

x,y, 10*η x [m]

s [m]

5 10 15 20 25 2 4 6 8 10 12

β

x

β

y

10*η

x

β

x,y, 10*η x [m]

s [m]

UVSOR-II 27nm-rad UVSOR-I 160nm-rad

UVSOR-I UVSOR-I I Quadrupole/Sextupole Quadrupole/Sextupole Combined Combined-

• function Magnet

function Magnet for new Lattice for new Lattice

Vertical Aperture Limit Vertical Aperture Limit

UVSOR-I

One half of the ring is shown.

UVSOR-II

One half of the ring is shown.

5 10 15 20 25 30 5 10 15 20 25 Vertical Aperture Limit of UVSOR-I Vertical Aperture [mm] (half-width)

s [m]

BQ duct BQ-duct Aperture Limit for Undulators

5 10 15 20 25 30 5 10 15 20 25 Vertical Aperture Limit of UVSOR-II Vertical Aperture [mm] (half-width)

s [m]

BQ-duct Aperture Limit for Undulators BQ-duct BQ-duct BQ-duct

UVSOR UVSOR-

• I just before the

I just before the reconstruction reconstruction

（ （March, 2003 March, 2003） ）

UVSOR UVSOR-

• I

I → → UVSOR UVSOR-

• I I

I I

（ （April, 2003 April, 2003） ）

The reconstruction was completed within three months.

UVSOR UVSOR-

• II just after the reconstruction

II just after the reconstruction （ （July, 2003 July, 2003） ）

Commissioning of UVSOR Commissioning of UVSOR-

• I I

I I

190nm-rad 27nm-rad Vacuum Conditioning of UVSOR-II Commissioning of UVSOR-II was completed within two months.

New RF Cavity New RF Cavity

Frequency Frequency 90.1 MHz 90.1 MHz RF Voltage RF Voltage 55 kV (Routine) 55 kV (Routine) Shunt Impedance Shunt Impedance 500 k 500 kΩ Ω Quality Factor Quality Factor 8000 (Unloaded) 8000 (Unloaded) Cavity Structure Cavity Structure Re Re-

• entrant

entrant × × 1 1 Material Material SUS + Copper SUS + Copper

Diameter and Length Diameter and Length

(1000 mm, 420mm) (1000 mm, 420mm) I I· ·τ τTouschek

Touschek (

(multibunch multibunch) )

1650 1650 mA mA· ·H H Frequency Frequency 90.1 MHz 90.1 MHz RF Voltage RF Voltage 150 kV ~ 200 kV 150 kV ~ 200 kV Shunt Impedance Shunt Impedance 2.9 M 2.9 MΩ Ω ( (Superfish Superfish) ) Quality Factor Quality Factor 23800 23800 (Unloaded,

(Unloaded, Superfish Superfish) )

Cavity Structure Cavity Structure Re Re-

• entrant

entrant × × 1 1 Material Material Copper Copper

Diameter and Length Diameter and Length

(964 mm, 400mm) (964 mm, 400mm) I I· ·τ τTouschek

Touschek (

(multibunch multibunch) )

5200 5200 mA mA· ·H H

Old Cavity New Cavity installed in 2005

UVSOR UVSOR-

• I I

I I Nov. 2 0 0 6

• Nov. 2 0 0 6

Electron Energy 750 MeV Emittance 27nm-rad Straight Sections 4mx4+ 1.5mx4 Filling Beam Current 350 mA (multi-bunch) Injection Interval 6 hours New RF Cavity installed in 2005

2m In-vacuum Undulator 1m In-vacuum Undulator 3m Variably Polarized Undulator 2.3 m Variably Polarized Undulator

3rd Harmonic Cavity

Reserved for Future Undulator Reserved for Future Undulator

UVSOR-II BL5U Variavle Polarization Undulator/ Optical Klystron

Number of periods 18 Period length 110 mm Length of dispers. part 302.5 mm Total Length 2351.2 mm Remanent field 1.3 T Magnetic gap 30–150mm Deflection parameter (K) (helical mode) 0.07 – 4.6 (linear mode) 0.15 – 8.5

Upstream Downstream 9 periods 9 periods Dispersive Section

installed in 1996

UVSOR-II BL6U In-Vacuum Undulator

Magnet Type Pure Permanent (Nd-Fe-B) Remanent Field 1.17 Tesla Period Length 36 mm Number of Periods 26 Magnetic Length 936 mm Overall Length 1.4 m (flange to flange) Pole Gap 8 – 40 mm Polarization linear (horizontal)

installed in 2002

UVSOR UVSOR-

• I I BL3U I n

I I BL3U I n-

• vacuum Undulator

vacuum Undulator

Magnet Type Pure Permanent (Nd-Fe-B) Remanent Field 1.17 Tesla Period Length 38 mm Number of Periods 50 Magnetic Length 1900 mm Overall Length 2.4 m (flange to flange) Pole Gap 8 – 40 mm Polarization linear (horizontal)

installed in 2 0 0 3 installed in 2 0 0 3

BL7U Variable Polarization Undulator BL7U Variable Polarization Undulator

Configuration APPLE-II Polarization Hor/Ver/Helical Number of periods 40 Period length 76 mm Total Length 3040 mm Remanent field 1.3 T Magnetic gap 24 – 200 mm Deflection parameter (K) (horizontal mode)

• max. 5.4

(vertical mode)

• max. 3.6

(helical mode)

• max. 3.0

BL7U Undulator BL6U Undulator

SR Spectra of UVSOR SR Spectra of UVSOR-

• I I

I I

100 200 300 400 9:00 13:00 17:00 21:00 040625

Beam Current (mA) Time (hh:mm)

Energy Upgrade of Booster Synchrotron by replacing Magnet Power Supply in 2006

Reinforcement of Radiation Shielding (2005-2006)

Top Top-

• Ｕ

Ｕp Operation at UVSOR

p Operation at UVSOR-

• II

II

Beamlines at UVSOR-II

In In-

• vacuum Undulator Beamline BL3U

vacuum Undulator Beamline BL3U

T.

• T. Hatsui

Hatsui, N. , N. Kosugi Kosugi et al., presented at SRI2006 et al., presented at SRI2006 E/ΔE>8000 @400 eV E/ΔE>10000 @60 eV

5300 6000 9100 9500 12203 11703 14603 13003 700 3100 400 2203 500 800 1600

in-vacuum plane undulator sample

Top View Multi-purpose setup XES Setup

M0: Cylindrical R=47.253 m M1: Spherical R=88.826 m G: VLSP M2X: Plane-Elliptical r1=11.7 m r2=0.5 m

176

sample

176

M2: Toroidal R=81.65 m = 37.23 mm S0 S1X S1

Side View

173 176 177

S1 S1X M0 M1 G M2X M2 sample sample

Multi-purpose setup XES Setup

VLSP grating monochromator

High High-

• resolution 3D

resolution 3D-

• ARPES beamline (BL7U)

ARPES beamline (BL7U)

S

• S. Kimura et al., presented at SRI2006

. Kimura et al., presented at SRI2006

• Tunable photon + High flux + High resolution + Variable polarization (H, V) + ARPES

⇒ To elucidate 3D Fermi surface

• Electronic structure in sub-μm-scale domains and its spatial imaging.

⇒ To evaluate the origin of functionalities.

Photoelectron analyzer

U7 APPLE-II undulator

Operation Status of UVSOR Operation Status of UVSOR-

• I I

I I

• Annual Schedule

Annual Schedule

• 1 or 2 month shut

1 or 2 month shut-

• down in spring for maintenances & improvements

down in spring for maintenances & improvements

• 2 week shut

2 week shut-

• down around the New Years day

down around the New Years day

• 1 week shut

1 week shut-

• down in autumn for maintenance

down in autumn for maintenance

• About 40 weeks for users time. A few weeks are for single bunch

About 40 weeks for users time. A few weeks are for single bunch users. users.

• 2 weeks dedicated for machine study

2 weeks dedicated for machine study

• A few weeks for commissioning if necessary

A few weeks for commissioning if necessary

• Weekly Schedule

Weekly Schedule

• Monday

Monday ＝＞ ＝＞Machine Study Machine Study

• Tuesday to Friday

Tuesday to Friday ＝＞ ＝＞Users Time Users Time

• Saturday

Saturday ＝＞ ＝＞Machine Study if necessary Machine Study if necessary

• Daily Schedule

Daily Schedule

• From 9 am to 9 pm

From 9 am to 9 pm

• I n multi

I n multi-

• bunch mode

bunch mode

• I njection twice (9 am, 3 pm)

I njection twice (9 am, 3 pm)

• Filling Current 350mA

Filling Current 350mA

• I n single bunch mode

I n single bunch mode

• I njection three times (9am, 1pm, 5pm)

I njection three times (9am, 1pm, 5pm)

• Filling Current 100

Filling Current 100 mA mA 100 200 300 400 9:00 13:00 17:00 21:00 040625

Beam Current (mA) Time (hh:mm)

FEL Downstream Mirror FEL Upstream Mirror

beam bunch Optical Klystron UVSOR Storage ring 5 m 10 m 0 m

Laser Wave Length 215～800 nm Spectral Band Width ～10-4 Polarization Circular/Linear Pulse Rate 11.26 MHz

• Max. Average Power

～1 W Optical Cavity Type Fabry-Perot Cavity Length 13.3 m Mirror HfO2, Ta2O5 ,Al2O3multi-layer Optical Klystron Polarization Circular/Linear Length 2.35 m Period Length 11 cm Number of Periods 9 + 9

Upstream Mirror Downstream Mirror Optical Klystron

UVSOR UVSOR-

• I I

I I Free Electron Laser Free Electron Laser

• M. Hosaka et al., NIM A528 (2004), 291-295

Higher Power in Deep UV

Average Output Power of Storage ring Average Output Power of Storage ring FELs FELs in the world in the world

1 2 3 4 5 200 300 400 500 600 I = 10 mA/bunch gain (%) @ I = 10mA/bunch λ (nm) Present Upgrade Upgrade (V = 200 kV)

Lower emittance Higher RF voltage

Vrf=200kV

1 2 3 4 5 10 20 30 40 50 I (mA/bunch)

Before upgrade (UVSOR-I) UVSOR-II Measured Values

Increase of FEL gain by smaller emittance FEL gain was increased by the smaller emittance and the higher RF voltage.

UVSOR-I I FEL

Lasing at 7 5 0 MeV Lasing at 7 5 0 MeV

Higher Output Power and Longer Beam Lifetime

Xe 5p 6(1S0)

SR FEL

10.4 eV 12.1 eV 12.6 eV 13.4 eV

Energy Diagram of Xe

decay: τ=600 ps

Xe*

SR Excite

Xe+

FEL Ionization

e-

0 100 5 104 1 105 1.5 105 568 569 570 571 572 36.15 36.2 36.25 36.3 36.35 Counts/sec wavelength (nm) Gap Length (mm) FEL POWER ~ 350 mW on target

• T. Gejo et al., NIM A 528 (2004), 627-631

Pump(SR Pump(SR) ) – –Probe(FEL Probe(FEL) Experiment ) Experiment

Measurements of Photoelectric Magnetic Measurements of Photoelectric Magnetic Dichroism Dichroism

Cs- or Gd-free Ni/Cu(001) using FEL at UVSOR-II

• T. Nakagawa, T. Yokoyama, M. Hosaka, and M. Katoh,
• Rev. Sci. Instrum., (accepted).

Downstream mirror Helical undulator Upstream mirror

FEL from helical undulator (5U) inherently circularly polarized Strong intensity ~100-500 mW Tunable HfO2/SiO2 multilayer mirror λ ~ 230nm MCD asymmetry as much as ~5%

Possibility of adsorbate induced enhancement

• f threshold photoemi-

ssion MCD is eliminated.

Laser Bunch Slicing Laser Bunch Slicing & Coherent Harmonic & Coherent Harmonic Generation at UVSOR Generation at UVSOR-

• I I

I I

UVSOR-BL6B IR Beamline

TiSa Laser Undulator / Optical Klystron I R Beamline

FEL Station FEL Optical Cavity Electron Beam Laser Beam

Collaborators; S. Kimura (UVSOR), Y. Takashima, M. Hosaka (Nagoya U.),

• T. Takahashi (Kyoto U.), T. Hara (RIKEN/SPring-8), M. E. Couprie, M. Labat,
• G. Lambert (CEA), S. Bielawski, C. Szwaj (U. Sci. Tech. Lille)

通常のシンクロトロン放射 通常のシンクロトロン放射 コヒーレントなシンクロトロン放射 コヒーレントなシンクロトロン放射

位相がばらばらの光の集まり （光のエネルギー）∝（電子の数） 位相のそろった光 （光のエネルギー）∝（電子の数の二乗） 電子群が光の波長よりも 小さな空間に集まっている。

電子を整列させる 電子を整列させる

アンジュレータ中での電子とレーザー場の相互作用 アンジュレータ中での電子とレーザー場の相互作用 レーザー光 アンジュレータ 加速位相 減速位相

整列した電子群は 整列した電子群は コヒーレントシンクロトロン放射する コヒーレントシンクロトロン放射する

整列した電子群は 整列した電子群は 光を増幅する 光を増幅する

レーザー光 アンジュレータ

整列した電子が減速位相に乗ると・・・

電子ビームがエネルギーを失う ⇒ 電磁場がそのエネルギーを受け取る

Coherent Harmonic Generation Coherent Harmonic Generation

700 ps

5 msec

Wave length 267nm 3rd harmonics of Undulator radiation Coherent 3rd Harmonic Radiation

• M. Labat et al., submitted to Phys. Rev. STAB

500 1000 1500 5 10 15 20 Peak Current (A) Calculation/17.0

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 40 40.5 41 41.5 Resonant Wavelength (nm) Undulator Gap (mm)

極短パルスレーザーで電子パルスを 極短パルスレーザーで電子パルスを切る 切る

切り取られた穴と同程度の波長 でコヒーレント放射する。

Coherent Terahertz Radiation Coherent Terahertz Radiation by Laser Bunch by Laser Bunch-

• Slicing

Slicing

• M. Shimada et al. presented at EPAC2006
• M. Shimada et al. presented at EPAC2006

Sliced by 1ps laser pulse

Calculation

Wave number (cm-1)

0.1 0.5 1 5 10 0.1 10 1000 100000.

• 1. ｴ 107

10-1 101 103 105 107 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 N・f(1/λ)

Calculation

Narrow-band and Tunable Coherent Terahertz Radiation by Laser Bunch Slicing

• 3
• 2
• 1

1 2 3 . 5 . 1 . 1 5 . 2 . 2 5

S(z)

Longitudinal position (cm)

1 2 5 10 20 50 100 200 0.001 1 1000

• 1. ｴ 106

N・f(ω) Frequency (cm-1)

Ｃａｌｃｕｌａｔｉｏｎ

Experiment (Dec. 2006)

Collaborating with M. Hosaka, Y. Takashima (Nagoya U.), S. Bielawski, C. Szwaj, C. Evain (U. Sci. Tech de Lille), S. Kimura (UVSOR), T. Takahashi (Kyoto U.)

UVSOR Accelerator Group

Professor

• M. KATOH

Research associate

• A. Mochihashi

Engineers

• J. Yamazaki, K. Hayashi

Guest associate professor

• T. Hara (RIKEN/SPring-8)

Post doctoral fellow

• M. Shimada

Collaborators

• S. Kimura (UVSOR), Y. Takashima, M. Hosaka (Nagoya U.), T. Takahashi (Kyoto U.),
• M. E. Couprie, M. Labat, G. Lambert (Soleil), S. Bielawski, C. Szwaj, C. Evain (U. Sci. Tech. Lille),

・・・・・・・・・

Accelerator Division of Accelerator Division of UVSOR UVSOR

SPring SPring-

• 8

8への期待 への期待

• 長直線部の活用

長直線部の活用

• 地球に優しく

地球に優しく

• 加速器技術の継承・移転

加速器技術の継承・移転