Traffic injuries to children and young people in Hertfordshire - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

www.hertsdirect.org

Traffic injuries to children and young people in Hertfordshire

Public Health Evidence and Intelligence, Transport Planning Data Team March 2015

www.hertsdirect.org

Content

• Background

2

• Data sources and definitions

3

• Data caveats

4

• Key messages

5

• Comparison to England

7

• Severity, road user type, sex, age, district and 9

deprivation

• Speed limits and time of day

26

1

www.hertsdirect.org

Background

In June 2014 Public Health England (PHE) produced a report “Reducing unintentional injuries on the roads among children and young people under 25 years”. Further details along with national and upper tier local authority level data are available from: www.chimat.org.uk/youngpeople/injuries Generally, Hertfordshire has lower rates of traffic injuries involving under 25s than

• England. However, in 2013 one in every 1,745 young people aged between 15 and 24

suffered a serious or fatal traffic injury in Hertfordshire. Aim and purpose This report is a collaboration between the Public Health Evidence and Intelligence team and Data Transport Planning, Highways using local police and hospital data to look in more detail at the picture for Hertfordshire and its districts. It was written by Claire Tiffany (Senior Public Health Analyst). For further information, please contact PH.Intelligence@hertfordshire.gov.uk

2

www.hertsdirect.org

Data sources and definitions

Analysis based on local STATS 19 and SUS data held by Hertfordshire County Council. STATS 19: Police reported road accidents, Hertfordshire only, 0-24 years. SECONDARY USES SERVICES (SUS): Local hospital data, emergency hospital admissions only, 0-24 years, ICD10 codes V01-V89 (non-traffic injuries filtered out). Includes patients registered with NHS East and North Hertfordshire CCG and NHS Herts Valleys CCG, excludes patients registered with three GP practices in Royston. Deprivation analysis based on patients resident in either CCG. CONFIDENCE INTERVALS: All confidence intervals in charts are 95%. DEFINITIONS used in STATS 19: Police-reported traffic casualties are categorised in three severities. Fatal casualties sustain injuries which cause death less than 30 days after the collision. Injuries are categorised as severe when a casualty is detained in hospital as an “in-patient”, or any of the following injuries whether or not they are detained in hospital: fractures, concussion, internal injuries, crushings, burns (excluding friction burns), severe cuts, severe general shock requiring medical treatment and injuries causing death 30 or more days after the accident. Slight injuries are of a minor character such as a sprain (including neck whiplash injury), bruise or cut which are not judged to be severe, or slight shock requiring roadside attention.

3

www.hertsdirect.org

Data caveats

There may be variation between hospital trusts in the way hospital admissions are

• coded. Often the focus is on the type of injury (e.g. fracture) and its treatment rather

than the underlying cause which can create variations in whether the episode is recorded as a traffic accident. There may be differences in admission thresholds. There may be variation in data recording completeness. Young people who attend A&E but are not admitted to hospital are not included. Not all road casualties are reported to police. Rates are expressed as injuries/ deaths on the roads, under 25 year olds, per 100,000 residents (crude rate). Therefore, areas with low resident populations but which have high inflows of people or traffic may have artificially high rates because the at-risk resident population is not an accurate measure of exposure to transport. This is likely to affect the results for employment centres/ commuter areas and sparsely populated rural areas which have high numbers of visitors or through traffic.

4

www.hertsdirect.org

Key messages (1)

• Generally, Hertfordshire has lower rates of traffic injuries involving under 25s than
• England. However, on average, nine road users aged under 25 were killed each year in

Hertfordshire, 1,094 had an injury recorded by the police of which 122 were serious.

• The average yearly number of under 25 hospital admissions resulting from road traffic

injuries (176) was 34% higher than the number of killed or serious injuries recorded by the police.

• Young males were more likely to be involved in a traffic injury than young females,

particularly the more serious the injury.

• Overall, rates of under 25s killed or seriously injured (KSI) on the road or admitted to

hospital as a result of a road traffic injury were higher in the older age groups (15 to 24 years old).

• Rates of under 25 year old car occupants involved in traffic injuries were higher for 18

to 22 year olds, whilst for pedestrians and cyclists they were higher in 10 to 14 year

• lds.
• The majority of under 25 year old road casualties in Hertfordshire involved car
• ccupants. This follows the national trend, although the proportion is slightly higher in

Hertfordshire than England.

5

www.hertsdirect.org

Key messages (2)

• Vulnerable road users such as cyclists and pedestrians make up a greater proportion of

emergency hospital admissions than casualties recorded by the police.

• Hertsmere had the highest rate of under 25 year old road casualties recorded by the

police, whilst St Albans had the highest number. Differences between districts are influenced by many factors such as whether it is predominantly rural or urban, types and lengths of roads, levels of traffic, travel behaviour, deprivation and population density.

• Rates of under 25 year old road casualties and KSIs are lowest in the least deprived
• areas. There is no clear gradient in the more deprived areas.
• The majority of under 25 year old pedestrian KSIs occur in rush hour before and after

school.

• Overall, the majority of KSIs occur in 30mph zones, although those involving car
• ccupants are more likely to occur in 60 or 70 mph zones.
• With the exception of 2012 the overall rate for KSIs in under 25s has fallen steadily
• ver the last five years.

6

www.hertsdirect.org

Comparison to England

7

www.hertsdirect.org

Summary of Hertfordshire under 25 year old traffic injuries compared to England

Source: Reducing unintentional injuries on the roads among children and young people under 25 years, Hertfordshire, Public Health England: http://atlas.chimat.org.uk/IAS/profiles/profile?profileId=55&geoTypeId=4&geoIds=_919

Indicators lower (better) than England

• Emergency admission rates* - all road user types
• Killed or Seriously Injured (KSI) rates* - all age groups
• Motorcyclist KSI rates - age 15-19 and 20-24
• Car occupant KSI rates - age 15-19 and 20-24

Indicators higher (worse) than England

• Pedestrian KSI rates age 20-24 (10.2 per 100,000 population compared to 9.8)
• Pedal cyclist KSI rates age 10-14 (8.4 per 100,000 population compared to 6.5)

Speed limit

• Lower percentage of KSIs in 30 mph zones in Hertfordshire compared to England -

all road user types * Emergency admissions from 2008/09 to 2012/13, KSIs from 2008 to 2012

8

www.hertsdirect.org

Traffic injuries by severity, road user type, sex, age, district and deprivation

9

www.hertsdirect.org

Road casualties and emergency hospital admissions, 0-24 years, Hertfordshire* by sex, average number per year, 2009-2013 (STATS19) and 2011/12 to 2013/14 (SUS)

Data Source Severity Males (per year) Females (per year) Total (per year) Male to female ratio STATS19 Killed 7 2 9 3.2 to 1 Seriously injured 88 34 122 2.6 to 1 Slightly injured 607 487 1,094 1.2 to 1 SUS All admissions 104 72 176 1.4 to 1

• On average 1,225 road

users per year under 25 years old had an injury recorded by the police of which 10% (122) were serious and 1% (9) were fatal, similar to nationally

• On average there were 176

emergency hospital admissions to under 25s as a result of a road traffic injury each year

• Young males were more

likely be involved in a traffic injury, particularly the more serious injuries

Source: Hertfordshire County Council

• SUS data based on GP registered population (excludes 3 practices

in Royston)

10

www.hertsdirect.org

Road casualties, 0 to 24 yrs, Hertfordshire, by road user type, average per year 2009-2013

Road User Type Fatal (per year) Killed or seriously injured (KSI) (per year) All severities (per year) % of all severities Car occupants 6 53 812 66.3% Pedestrians 2 30 154 12.5% Motorcycle riders 1 30 128 10.5% Pedal cyclists 15 91 7.4% Minibus/ bus/ coach 7 0.6% Taxi 1 7 0.6% Other users 2 26 2.1% Total 9 131 1,225 100.0%

• The highest proportion of

road casualties (66%) involved car occupants, higher than England (59% in 2008-2012)

• The majority of fatalities

(67%) were car occupants, higher than England (58% in 2008-2012)

• Pedal cyclists made up 7%
• f road casualties and 11%
• f KSIs (this compares to 9%

and 11% for England in 2008- 2012)

Source: STATS 19, Hertfordshire County Council

11

www.hertsdirect.org

Emergency hospital admissions, 0 to 24 yrs, Hertfordshire*, by road user type, by sex, average per year 2011/12 to 2013/14

Road User Type Male (per year) Female (per year) Total (per year) Male to female ratio % of all traffic injuries age 0-24 years Car occupants 29 29 57 1.0 to 1 32.5% Pedal cyclists 20 14 34 1.5 to 1 19.3% Pedestrians 27 6 33 4.5 to 1 18.7% Motorcycle riders 25 2 26 14.8 to 1 14.9% Other users 3 22 26 0.1 to 1 14.6% Total 104 72 176 1.4 to 1 100.0%

• The highest proportion of

emergency hospital admissions as a result of traffic injuries involved car

• ccupants (32.5%)
• Pedal cyclists made up 19%
• f emergency hospital

admissions (this compares to 11% of KSIs)

• Overall, hospital admissions

were made up of 1.5 times more males than females, with 15 times more male than female motorcycle riders and 4.5 times more male than female pedestrians

Source: SUS, Hertfordshire County Council

12

www.hertsdirect.org

Killed or seriously injured, rate per 100,000 population, 0 to 24 yrs, Hertfordshire, by age band 2009 to 2013

• With the exception of 2012

the overall rate of under 25s killed or seriously injured (KSI) has fallen steadily over the last five years from 45 per 100,000 population in 2009 to 29 per 100,000 in 2013

• There were 656 under 25

KSIs in the five year period – an average of 131 per year

• Rates were considerably

higher for 15 to 24 year olds with the majority of KSIs (77%) in this age group

Note: Rates based on numbers less than 5 are excluded Source: STATS19, Hertfordshire County Council; ONS MYE

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 0-24 Age Band 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

KSI rate per 100,000 population

13

www.hertsdirect.org

Emergency hospital admissions, rate per 100,000 population, 0 to 24 yrs, Hertfordshire*, by age band 2011/12 to 2013/14

• Rates of emergency hospital

admissions resulting from road traffic injuries decreased slightly in 2013/14 to 44 per 100,000 population

• There were 529 under 25

year old emergency admissions for road traffic injuries in the three year period – an average of 176 per year

• Rates are highest for 15 to

24 year olds with the majority

• f admissions (63%) in this

age group

Note: Rates based on numbers less than 5 are excluded Source: SUS, Hertfordshire County Council; GP population, NHS area team * GP registered population (excludes 3 practices in Royston)

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 0-24 Age Band 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14

Admission rate per 100,000 population

14

www.hertsdirect.org

Road casualties, rate per 100,000 population, 0 to 24 yrs, Hertfordshire, by district 2009 to 2013

• Hertfordshire had an under

25 road casualty rate of 357 per 100,000 population, equivalent to 1,224 casualties per year

• Hertsmere had the highest

rate (457 per 100,000 equivalent to 141 casualties per year) followed by St Albans (393 per 100,000 equivalent to 167 casualties)

• The lowest rates were in

East Hertfordshire (295 per 100,000 equivalent to 120 casualties per year) and Dacorum (317 per 100,000 equivalent to 138 casualties)

Source: STATS19, Hertfordshire County Council; ONS MYE

705 casualties 839 casualties 523 casualties 675 casualties 523 casualties 458 casualties 456 casualties 650 casualties 692 casualties 601 casualties 6122 casualties

100 200 300 400 500 Hertsmere St Albans Watford North Hertfordshire Broxbourne Three Rivers Stevenage Welwyn Hatfield Dacorum East Hertfordshire Hertfordshire District

Casualty rate per 100,000 population

15

www.hertsdirect.org

Killed or seriously injured, rate per 100,000 population, 0 to 24 yrs, Hertfordshire, by district 2009 to 2013

• Hertfordshire had an under

25 killed or seriously injured (KSI) rate of 38 per 100,000, equivalent to 131 KSIs per year

• Rates of under 25 KSIs did

not differ significantly across the districts ranging from 30 per 100,000 population in Watford to 44 per 100,000 in North Hertfordshire

Source: STATS19, Hertfordshire County Council; ONS MYE

81 KSIs 91 KSIs 61 KSIs 64 KSIs 52 KSIs 74 KSIs 81 KSIs 47 KSIs 63 KSIs 42 KSIs 656 KSIs

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 North Hertfordshire St Albans Broxbourne Hertsmere Three Rivers Welwyn Hatfield Dacorum Stevenage East Hertfordshire Watford Hertfordshire District

KSI rate per 100,000 population

16

www.hertsdirect.org

Road casualties, rate per 100,000 population, 0 to 24 yrs, Hertfordshire, by deprivation quintile 2009 to 2013

Source: STATS19, Hertfordshire County Council; IMD 2010; ONS MYE

1433 casualties 1286 casualties 1565 casualties 1221 casualties 617 casualties 6122 casualties

100 200 300 400 500 Most deprived Second most deprived Third most deprived Fourth most deprived Least deprived Hertfordshire Deprivation quintile

Casualty rate per 100,000 population

• The least deprived quintile

had the lowest rate of under 25 road casualties at 197 per 100,000 population (equivalent to 123 casualties per year)

• The third most deprived

quintile had the highest rate at 449 per 100,000 population (equivalent to 313 casualties per year)

17

www.hertsdirect.org

Killed or seriously injured, rate per 100,000 population, 0 to 24 yrs, Hertfordshire, by deprivation quintile 2009 to 2013

Source: STATS19, Hertfordshire County Council; IMD 2010; ONS MYE

140 KSIs 131 KSIs 184 KSIs 131 KSIs 70 KSIs 656 KSIs

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Most deprived Second most deprived Third most deprived Fourth most deprived Least deprived Hertfordshire Deprivation quintile

KSI rate per 100,000 population

• Under 25 Killed or Seriously

Injured (KSI) rates followed a similar pattern to road casualties with the least deprived quintile experiencing the lowest rate (22 per 100,000 population equivalent to 14 KSIs per year) and the third most deprived experiencing the highest rate (53 per 100,000 population equivalent to 37 KSIs per year)

18

www.hertsdirect.org

Emergency hospital admissions, rate per 100,000 population, 0 to 24 yrs, Hertfordshire*, by deprivation quintile 2013/14

• Details of where patients

live (area of residence) are

• nly available from local

hospital data from 2013/14

• nwards
• Numbers are not large

enough to distinguish differences by deprivation quintile and become even smaller at district level

Source: SUS, Hertfordshire County Council; IMD 2010; GP population, NHS area team * Resident GP registered population (excludes 3 practices in Royston)

35 admissions 31 admissions 32 admissions 34 admissions 29 admissions 161 admissions

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Most deprived Second most deprived Third most deprived Fourth most deprived Least deprived Hertfordshire Deprivation quintile

Admission rate per 100,000 population

19

www.hertsdirect.org

Car occupant KSI, rate per 100,000 population, 0 to 24 yrs, Hertfordshire, by age 2009 to 2013

• There were 266 under 25

year old car occupants killed or seriously injured (KSI) in the 5 year period – an average of 53 per year

• 18 to 20 year olds had the

highest rates, peaking at 19 (67 per 100,000 equivalent to 8 KSIs per year)

• 31 KSIs (12%) involved

under 16 year olds (numbers are too low to report by single year of age)

Source: STATS19, Hertfordshire County Council; ONS MYE

13 KSIs 20 KSIs 36 KSIs 40 KSIs 26 KSIs 23 KSIs 27 KSIs 27 KSIs 23 KSIs

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Age

KSI rate per 100,000 population

20

www.hertsdirect.org

Car occupant emergency hospital admissions, rate per 100,000 population, 0 to 24 yrs, Hertfordshire*, by age 2011/12 to 2013/14

• There were 172 traffic

injuries involving car

• ccupants aged under 25 in

the 3 year period – an average of 57 per year

• 18 to 22 year olds had the

highest rates, peaking at 21 (70 per 100,000 equivalent to 9 admissions per year)

• 26 (15%) were aged under

16 (numbers are too low to report by single year of age)

Source: SUS, Hertfordshire County Council; GP population, NHS area team * GP registered population (excludes 3 practices in Royston)

5 admissions 14 admissions 20 admissions 20 admissions 15 admissions 27 admissions 18 admissions 11 admissions 16 admissions

20 40 60 80 100 120 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Age

Admission rate per 100,000 population

21

www.hertsdirect.org

Pedestrian KSI, rate per 100,000 population, 0 to 24 yrs, Hertfordshire, by age 2009 to 2013

• There were 149 under 25

year old pedestrians killed or seriously injured (KSI) in the 5 year period - an average of 30 per year

• 10 to 14 year olds had the

highest rate (14 per 100,000 population equivalent to 9 KSIs per year)

Source: STATS19, Hertfordshire County Council; ONS MYE

11 KSIs 27 KSIs 47 KSIs 34 KSIs 30 KSIs 149 KSIs

5 10 15 20 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 0-24 Age Band

KSI rate per 100,000 population

22

www.hertsdirect.org

Pedestrian emergency hospital admissions, rate per 100,000 population, 0 to 24 yrs, Hertfordshire*, by age 2011/12 to 2013/14

• There were 102 emergency

hospital admissions involving pedestrians under 25 in the 3 year period – an average of 34 per year

• 10 to 14 year olds had the

highest rate (14 per 100,000 population equivalent to 10 admissions per year)

Source: SUS, Hertfordshire County Council; GP population, NHS area team * GP registered population (excludes 3 practices in Royston)

8 admissions 26 admissions 29 admissions 19 admissions 20 admissions 102 admissions

5 10 15 20 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 0-24 Age

Admission rate per 100,000 population

23

www.hertsdirect.org

Cyclist KSI, rate per 100,000 population, 0 to 24 yrs, Hertfordshire, by age 2009 to 2013

Source: STATS19, Hertfordshire County Council; ONS MYE

• There were 76 under 25 year
• ld cyclists killed or seriously

injured (KSI) in the 5 year period - an average of 15 per year

• 10 to 14 year olds had the

highest rate (10 per 100,000 population equivalent to 7 KSIs per year)

• Less than 5 KSIs involved

under 10 year olds

34 KSIs 20 KSIs 18 KSIs 76 KSIs

5 10 15 20 25 30 10-14 15-19 20-24 0-24 Age Band

KSI rate per 100,000 population

24

www.hertsdirect.org

Cyclist emergency hospital admissions, rate per 100,000 population, 0 to 24 yrs, Hertfordshire*, by age 2011/12 to 2013/14

• There were 99 emergency

hospital admissions involving cyclists under 25 in the 3 year period – an average of 33 per year

• 10 to 14 year olds had the

highest rate (21 per 100,000 population equivalent to 15 admissions per year)

• 10 admissions (10%) were to

under 10 year olds

Source: SUS, Hertfordshire County Council; GP population, NHS area team * GP registered population (excludes 3 practices in Royston)

44 admissions 26 admissions 19 admissions 99 admissions

5 10 15 20 25 30 10-14 15-19 20-24 0-24 Age

Admission rate per 100,000 population

25

www.hertsdirect.org

Speed limits and time of day

26

www.hertsdirect.org

Pedestrian KSI, 0 to 16 yrs, Hertfordshire, by hour of the day 2009 to 2013

• There were 98 pedestrian

KSIs over 5 yrs

• The majority (73%) occurred

during rush hour (8-9am and 3-7pm)

• The evening peak is

extended for several hours after school reflecting the range of activities children are involved.

Note: Numbers less than 5 are excluded Source: STATS19, Hertfordshire County Council

10 21 13 14 5 9 07:00 -07:59 08:00 -08:59 09:00 -09:59 10:00 -10:59 11:00 -11:59 12:00 -12:59 13:00 -13:59 14:00 -14:59 15:00 -15:59 16:00 -16:59 17:00 -17:59 18:00 -18:59 19:00 -19:59 20:00 -20:59 Number of KSI

27

www.hertsdirect.org

KSIs, 0 to 24 yrs, Hertfordshire, by road user type and speed limit of the road 2009 to 2013

• The majority (52%) of the

639 under 25 year olds killed

• r seriously injured (KSI) over

the 5 years occurred in 30 mph zones - this holds true for pedestrians (83%), cyclists (74%), motorcyclists (57%), but not for car

• ccupants (26%)
• The majority (57%) of KSIs

involving car occupants

• ccurred in 60 mph (27%) or

70 mph (30%) zones

• Less than 5 KSIs were in

20mph zones

Note: Numbers less than 5 are excluded (includes all road user types for 20 mph speed limit) Source: STATS19, Hertfordshire County Council

123 56 85 69 15 9 20 34 11 11 6 20 73 5 12 79 Pedestrian Cyclist Motorcyclist Car occupant Number of KSI 30mph 40mph 50mph 60mph 70mph

28