Today ! What is our class The Art, Science and Algorithms of The - - PDF document

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Today ! What is our class The Art, Science and Algorithms of The Art, Science and Algorithms Photography ? ! Course Overview !! of Photography ! Criteria & Requirements ! Wednesday discuss critiques and presentations and


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SLIDE 1

The Art, Science and Algorithms

  • f Photography!

CSCI 4900/6900! Maria Hybinette!

1! Maria Hybinette!

Today!

  • What is our class “The Art, Science and Algorithms of

Photography”?!

  • Course Overview !!

– Criteria & Requirements! – Wednesday discuss critiques and presentations and flickr group setup!

  • Thursday Camera and Limitations!

2! Maria Hybinette!

Where are the Algorithms?!

  • Using ‘computations’ to create an image.!
  • Using ‘computations’ to extend the hardware!

– On camera! – Off-camera!

3! Maria Hybinette!

History-Science-Art of ‘Photography’!

  • Mathematicians, scientists (or artists

deeply scientifically motivated) have been the key pushers of the advancement of the ‘art’ of photography !

– We will discuss ‘art’ later in the course.!

  • Idea has been around about the 4th-5th

Century B.C. !

– Mo-Ti “the collecting plate”, “locked treasure room”; Aristotle; Euclid’s ‘Optica’ talked about pinhole camera, or the camera obscura)!

4! Maria Hybinette!

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Camera Obscura (pinhole camera)!

Maria Hybinette! 5!

  • Abu Ali al-Haytham, mathematician

(around 1000 AD)!

! Lights streams of particles travel in

straight lines!

  • Johannes Kepler (“Astronomiae Pars

Optica” (1604))!

! Corrected theory on how camera

  • bscura operated !

! Inverse square laws of light! ! Astronomical laws! ! Human optics! ! Later “Dioptrice“1611- telescope!

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Maria Hybinette! 6!

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SLIDE 2

Other (Drawing) Mechanisms !

Maria Hybinette! 7!

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Time Line (more details on this later)!

Maria Hybinette! 8!

1820-1826!

Nicéphore Niépce ! (1765-1833)!

First photograph, heliography!

  • bitumen on pewter plate!
  • 8-hour exposure!
  • silver halide on polished metal!
  • no negative (i.e., no copies)!
  • tone reversal unless lit carefully!
  • 65 second exposure (5-8 seconds)!
  • Mercury poisoning!

Louis Daguerre! (1785-1851)!

First portrait, daguerreotype!

1839! 1832!

Hercules ! Florence!

  • Photographie!

Henry Talbot! (1785-1851)!

1840!

Reproducible, calotype!

  • Reproducible from negative!
  • 30 second exposure !

Collodion Process! Ambrotype!

Scott Archer,! Gustave Le Gray! Scott Fry! James Ambrose!

1850!

Daguerreotype!

Maria Hybinette! 9!

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Limitations of Photography!

  • Blur, camera shake, noise, damage!

Maria Hybinette! 10!

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Limitations of Photography!

  • Limited Resolution!

Maria Hybinette! 11!

Limitations of Photography!

  • Bad color / monochromatic!

Maria Hybinette! 12!

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SLIDE 3

Limitations of Photography!

  • Unwanted objects!

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Limitations of Photography!

  • Limited dynamic range!

Maria Hybinette! 14!

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Limitations of Photography!

  • Single depth of focus!

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Course Overview!

  • Basic photography (this is how our course differs from other

computational photography courses)!

– History, Artistry & composition!

  • Science & mathematics related to image creation!
  • Understanding the limitations!
  • Image enhancement and correction!

– Including learning photoshop!

  • Combining images & maximize usage of a single (RAW)

image! Example Topics:!

– E.g., high dynamic range imaging! – Stitching panoramas! – Experiment with cameras and programming!

Maria Hybinette! 16!

What Camera?!

  • SLR, not point and-shoot!

– Larger sensor = less noise, especially in low light! – Larger aperture = more control over depth of field! – Manual Control ! – Not important (at least for this class)!

  • Megapixels – most cameras have too many!
  • Brand – any major brand is good enough (some have more

selection on lenses for growth – e.g., Nikon, Canon)!

  • Lenses!

– Variable zooms – avoid (large ranges, 18-300, soft)! – Maximum aperture matters (lowest f/stop, 2.0)!

Maria Hybinette! 17!

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Accessories!

  • 50 f/1.8 fast prime for low light (inexpensive)!
  • Tripod!

– Sturdy is good, but heavy to carry!

  • Flash!

– Bouncing is better, built in flash aimed at subject creates bad shadows.!

  • Budget: >= $500 for SLR + standard zoom +

tripod (see next slide for more details)!

Maria Hybinette! 18!

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SLIDE 4

Recommendations!

  • Budget: >= $500 for SLR + standard zoom +

tripod!

  • Camera kit:!

– least inexpensive – Canon EOS Rebel XS ($480 with 18-55mm lens), great for learning.! – Great review site: !

  • http://www.imaging-resource.com/WB/WB.HTM?

view=dp_slr_consumer (based in Atlanta)!

  • 50 mm prime lens (f/1.8 is sufficient)!

Maria Hybinette! 19!

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Software!

  • Adobe Photoshop!
  • CHDK (free)!
  • One of:!

– “Processing” Programming Language! – OpenCV! – Python and PIL!

Maria Hybinette! 20!

Textbook!

  • Wikipedia and on-line resources (required)!
  • Recommended:!

– Basic photography book (recommendations see class web page)!

Maria Hybinette! 21!

Administration and Logistics!

  • Who am I?!

– Office Boyd 219C!

  • Class Location & Time!

– Hardman 101! – 12:30-1:45 T/Th! – 12:20-1:10 W!

Maria Hybinette! 22!

Communication!

  • Web page!

– Check often!

  • Policies!

– Work independently of project unless specified! – HW, project, deadlines!

  • Email list for questions and discussion!

– Listserv.uga!

  • Flickr group to submit projects!

Maria Hybinette! 23!

Expectations!

  • Reading & Listening!

– Wikipedia articles, technical papers, popular press!

  • Practice!

– Weekly photographic assignments! – 3-4 Projects !

  • 1 warm-up project!
  • 2-3 Python, Java, Processing (the programming project), CHDK!
  • Programming, hope to get Canon loaners (Power Shoot A480) that

we can program firmware on).!

– Final Project (you will propose one)!

  • Test!

– 2 midterm, 1 final, quizzes!

  • No make-ups!

Maria Hybinette! 24!

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SLIDE 5

Tentative Projects!

  • 3-4 Projects either image post processing or/and firmware

hack oriented.!

– Image processing programming in one of:!

  • “Processing” PL, OpenCV

, Java or Python (PIL)! – Camera Firmware Hacking (CHDK)!

  • Canon A480 (checking on loaning)

!! – (1) Warm-up familiarization project !! – (2) HDR (via image bracketing, or in camera)! – (3) Panorama photo stitching! – (4) White balance, colorization, time lapse, segmentation!

  • 1 Final Project (you propose one, worth more than earlier projects) !
  • Can be programming, !
  • photographic explorative assignment (scientific), or a!
  • portfolio with theme.!

Maria Hybinette! 25!

Paper Summaries!

  • One page summary of an assigned tutorial (beyond

class), technical paper & popular media paper -- need to reflect that you understand the material and its contribution(s) to the area:!

– What is the problem that the authors are trying to solve?! – What is their approach and how is it original?! – What are the assumptions/limitations?! – What are the results/impact of paper (Why is this paper/ topic important)?! – What constructive criticism can you give to the presenter (e.g., would should have been included/excluded)? Do not discuss presentation style of speaking, comment on ‘content’ of talk and possibly organization.!

  • See for latest bullets point on reading list web page!

How to get an A? B? C?… F?!

  • Theory 40%!

– 2 Exams (10% each) + Final 15% + Quizzes 05% = 40%!

  • Practice 5555555% (or 55%)!

– 9-12 homework (15%) & summaries (10%) & presentation (5%) & programming assignments (15%) & Critique (10%)!

  • Participation 5%!

– 100% attendance will raise your final grade by 2%!

  • Grading (below 60 F)!

– 90-92 !A-! – 87-89 !B+! – 83-86 !B! – 80-82 !B-! – 77-79 !C+! – 73-76 !C! – 70-72 !C-!

Grading (below 60 F)!

67-69 !D+! 63-66 !D! 60-62 !D-!

Maria Hybinette! 28!

Maria Hybinette, UGA

Policy on Collaboration!

  • Assignments/projects/summaries:!

– Purpose: familiarization of concepts and details of photography! – Work on project (and assignments) independently (unless specified):!

  • No Direct Sharing of code!
  • No line-by-line assistant!
  • No exchange of code!

– You are encouraged to ask questions of one another, and to respond to other student's questions (and especially on the email list) !

  • Exams:!

– Closed-book. No outside assistance is permitted. No additional materials may be used. ! – No make-up tests unless absence is due to serious illness. Doctor’s diagnostic note is required. The final grade will be scaled accordingly.!

Sources & Inspiration!

Course:!

  • Marc Levoy (Stanford)– taught computational

photography since 2002:! – A leader in the field : Frankecamera!

  • Irfan Essa & Frank Dellaert (Georgia Tech)!

– Also early adopters! – Field Trip, Guest Lecturer (HDR)!

  • Frédo Durand (MIT)!
  • Jack Tumblin (Northwestern)!
  • Wikipedia!
  • http://www.all-art.org/history658_photography1.html!
  • “Photography”, London, Stone, Upton!

HW:!

– http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/HistTopics/Light_1.html! – http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_photography! Maria Hybinette! 29!

Quiz & Introductions!

Please turn in on note book paper: Please tell us:!

  • Name, major, year?!
  • What camera & lenses do you own (include smart

phones if you own one)?!

  • What software to you use for post processing?!
  • List what is most annoying about your camera?!

Maria Hybinette! 30!