Thomas Coutrot (DARES) The collective labour relations in - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Thomas Coutrot (DARES)

The collective labour relations in statistical surveys

WORKING CONDITIONS AND HEALTH AND SAFETY SURVEYS IN EUROPE: STOCKTAKING, CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES Experts’ seminar Brussels, 18th and 19th March 2009

Working conditions – H&S / collective labour relations (IR)

• No survey

(as far as I know) has been focused

• n the

interactions between WC-H&S and IR

• Surveys
• n working

conditions → IR variables

• Surveys
• n IR → working

conditions variables

Working conditions – H&S / collective labour relations (IR): research questions

• do WC influence IR ? (presence

& activity

• f personnel

representatives, negotiations themes …)

• do IR influence WC ? (prevention

policies, workers’ power, workers’ knowledge…)

• Ideal

instrument: longitudinal survey

• f establishments ,

representatives and workers, with WC and IR variables…

Surveys

• n working

conditions

: EWCS

• European

WC survey

• «

Over the past 12 months have you been consulted about changes in the organisation of work and/or your working conditions ? (47% EU, 27% Portugal, 43% FR, 83%

Nederlands,72% Finland: learning

• rganisations)
• «

Have you discussed work-related problems with an employee representative ? »

(25% EU, 30% Eastern countries, Ireland and UK, 16-19% in continental and southern countries)

• 15% in enterprises

from 2 to 9 employees, 28% > 250 employees

Surveys

• n working

conditions

: EWCS

Formes d’organisation du travail et types de représentation

(% des salariés de chaque classe d’organisation du travail ayant la possibilité de discussions sur les conditions de travail ou sur l’organisation du travail) Organisations apprenantes Organisations en lean production Organisations tayloriennes Organisations de structure simple Ensemble avec représentants du personnel 43,8 53,4 37,8 31,7 43,4 avec supérieurs hiérarchiques 82,0 78,8 52,4 63,2 73,5 de manière régulière 46,2 49,4 30,4 28,7 41,6 Discussions sur les conditions de travail ou l’organisation du travail de manière

• rganisée

42,7 46,9 30,9 26,0 39,1 Source : A. Valeyre, 2003 ; Enquête européenne sur les conditions de travail de 2000 Fondation européenne pour l’amélioration des conditions de vie et de travail.

Surveys

• n working

conditions: SUMER

• bjectives: a description of exposure to working conditions

as occupational hazards

• the interviewers: 1 800 occupational doctors
• 50 000 workers interviewed during the medical

examination (« main questionnaire »)‏

• nationally representative, private sector + public hospitals

and utilities, all sizes

• 25 000 self administrated questionnaires

Surveys

• n working

conditions: SUMER

Data on firms, workers, exposures & protections

• nly one IR variable: existence of CHSCT (H&S

representatives)‏

• 4 types of exposures
• Organizational constraints
• Physical constraints
• Biological agents
• Chemical products

(exposure during last week)‏

• no for chemical risks

(Odd-Ratio = 0,9) or physical risks (OR = 1)‏

• but YES for organizational risks:

shiftwork (OR=1,5), night work (OR=1,1), intense work (OR=1,3)‏

• and for ionizing radiations

(OR=1,3)

Is the presence of safety reps more likely in dangerous workplaces ?

(Sumer 2003)

Are safety reps efficient in reducing

• ccupational hazards ?

(Sumer 2003)

Source: Dares-DGT, Sumer 2003; * self-administrated questionnaire

% with CHSCT without CHSCT All

• dd

ratio Accident with day lost * 4,1 4,6 4,4 Ns « My work is bad for my health » * 29,8 23,6 26,7

1,13

Negative judgment of the

• ccupational doctor about the

prevention of… … organizational risks 19,7 17,1 18,4

1,16

… physical risks 25,1 26,1 25,6

1,10

… chemical risks 24,6 34,9 30,0

0,78

… biological risks 12,2 22,0 16,5

0,64

Are safety reps efficient in reducing

• ccupational hazards ?

(Sumer 2003)

Source: Dares-DGT, Sumer 2003

%

with CHSCT without CHSCT All

• dd

ratio Workers have individual protections against… … noise 73 60 67

1,18

… radiations 47 44 45 ns … chemical risks 67 57 62

1,19

… biological risks 59 35 49

1,30

• 18 000 workers interviewed by Insee

fieldworkers

• nationally representative, all sectors, all sizes
• similar to EWCS
• only 1 question on IR (existence of H&S reps)

Surveys

• n working

conditions: French CT 2005

The presence of safety reps is associated with stronger prevention policies

(CT 2005)

% workers…

Establishment with CHSCT Establishment without CHSCT All Odd ratio

Received some information about

• ccupational risks in 12 months

Received some training about

• ccupational risks in 12 months

Has written safety instructions Has been able to follow instructions 25% 29% 57% 65% 12% 9% 25% 60% 19% 20% 43% 63% 2,01 2,72 2,68 1,21 Has had a work injury in 12 months Does not feel capable of doing the same job until they reach 60 8,5% 39% 8,2% 42% 8,4% 40% Ns 0,91

Source: enquête Conditions de travail 2005 Source: Insee-Dares, Enquête Conditions de travail 2005

Surveys on Industrial Relations: REPONSE 2004

Source: enquête Conditions de travail 2005

• bjectives: a description of industrial relations within

establishments (private sector, > 20)‏

• the interviewers: BVA (a private institute)‏
• 3 000 managers (face to face interviews)‏
• 1 600 workers representatives in the same

establishments (face to face interviews)‏

• 11 000 workers (postal interviews)‏
• working conditions variables: “working conditions

reduce my commitment to work”

Source: enquête Conditions de travail 2005

Presence of safety reps and IR context

(Reponse 2004)‏

• firm's size , industry (manufacturing)‏
• conglomerate (Odds-Ratio = 1,3), public limited company

(OR= 1,4)‏

• management networks (local club of entrepreneurs,

business association, …) (OR = 2,2)‏

• union presence (OR=3,4)‏
• labour unrest in the establishment (2 conflicts ore more in

3 years) (OR = 1,5)

Working conditions / IR characteristics

(Reponse 2004)‏

Source: enquête Conditions de travail 2005

Working conditions reduce worker’s commitment to work :

% workers affected Odds-ratio Employee Variables Blue collar 53 1,35 « my work is recognized » 57 0,30 Work hours >= 40 h 41 1,24 Quantitative targets 41 0,66 Meetings at work 38 0,75 Unionized 51 1,31 Participation to a strike 54 1,40 Establishment Variables Health industry 47 1,88 Sales industry 49 1,52 « Many sanctions against employees » 49 1,17 « managerial social networks » 44 1,31 Presence of safety reps 44 0,82 Total 44

• Source : Dares, Enquête REPONSE 2004, questionnaires « direction » et questionnaires « salariés »

Further improvements in the study

• f interactions

between WC and IR : in WC surveys

Source: enquête Conditions de travail 2005

COI 2007 (Changement organisationnel et informatisation)

• Nature of changes at

work in the 3 last years (technology,

• rganisation, localisation, ownership, other)
• Opinion about the impact of change on work
• Consultation by management
• Participation of the interviewed

to the consultation

• Existence of elected

representatives and/or unions

• Union membership
• f the interviewed

Further improvements in the study

• f interactions

between WC and IR : in WC surveys

Source: enquête Conditions de travail 2005

SUMER 2009

• Presence
• f elected
• r union representatives
• Presence

and activity

• f H&S representatives
• Managerial

prevention policy

Further improvements in the study

• f interactions

between WC and IR : in IR surveys

Source: enquête Conditions de travail 2005

REPONSE 2010

• Managerial

prevention policy

• Presence

and activity

• f H&S representatives

(rep questionnaire)

• Employee’s opinion about work

(empl. questionnaire)

• Panel of establishments…